# Chemical

General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Needles; yellow fluffy powder. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  325-329¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  252.32 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If a spill of this chemical occurs, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with acetone and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with acetone to pick up any remaining material.  Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this material under ambient temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fires involving this chemical can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound can react with strong oxidizers.  Ozone and chlorinating agents oxidize this type of compound.  It may also react with various electrophiles, peroxides, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides. (NTP, 1992)


General Desc:
Vinyl acetate is a clear colorless liquid.  It has a flash point of 18 deg. F.  Its vapors are irritating to the eyes and respiratory system.  If it is subjected to heat or becomes contaminated, it is subject to polymerization.  If the polymerization takes place inside a container, the container is subject to violent rupture.  It is lighter than water and slightly soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It weighs 7.8 lbs./gal.  It is used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  18¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.6 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  13.4 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  756¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -136¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  83 to 140 mm at 68 to 86¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  3 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.9317 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  162 to 163¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  86.09 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm,  Animal carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  15 ppm, Animal carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  75 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  500 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  2% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Acute Vinyl Acetate Monomer Exposure: Vinyl acetate monomer may irritate the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract; blisters may form.  Inhalation of vapors may result in dizziness or suffocation. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to vinyl acetate monomer may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to vinyl acetate monomer. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to vinyl acetate monomer. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of vinyl acetate monomer is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.  Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill.  Apply approriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use surface active agent (e.g.  detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by epa.  Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increase effectiveness of booms.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Wear self-contained (positive pressure if available) breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after the fire is out. For massive fire in cargo area, use unmanned hose holder or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire. Small fires: extinguish with dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog, or alcohol foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or alcohol foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless, moderately toxic liquid, highly flammable. A storage hazard, it may undergo spontaneous exothermic polymerization on exposure to light. Reaction with air or water produces peroxides that initiate explosively violent polymerization. Reaction with hydrogen peroxide forms explosive peracetic acid, reaction with oxygen produces explosive peroxides. On contact with ozone explosive vinyl acetate ozonide is formed. Violent or explosive reaction with 2-aminoethanol, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylenediamine, mineral acids (hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, oleum), peroxides [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1311]. Polymerization with dibenzoyl peroxide in ethyl acetate accelerated out of control, ignited and exploded [Vervalin, 1973, p. 81]. Solution polymerization in toluene caused several large industrial explosions [MCA Case History No. 2087]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; hoarseness, cough; loss of smell; eye burns, skin blisters

Synonyms:
1-Acetoxyethylene, Ethenyl acetate, Ethenyl ethanoate, VAC, Vinyl acetate monomer, Vinyl ethanoate

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a pleasant, fruity odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Raw material for many polyvinyl resins.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; hoarseness, cough; loss of smell; eye burns, skin blisters


General Desc:
Methyl isobutyl ketone is a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.  It has a flash point of 73 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and slightly soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  73¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.4% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.5% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  854¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -120.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  5 mm Hg at 67.5¦ F; 10 mm Hg at 86.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.45 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.8017 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  243-244¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  100.16 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  500 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  50 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  75 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  1-5 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to air (may form explosive peroxides).   It is also sensitive to heat.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with caustic soda and other strong alkalies, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and other strong inorganic acids, amines and oxidizing agents such as hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid and chromium trioxide.  It reacts violently with potassium tert-butoxide.  It reacts vigorously with reducing materials. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
mucous membrane, eye irritation; headaches; narcosis, coma; dermatitis

Synonyms:
Isobutyl methyl ketone, Methyl isobutyl ketone, 4-Methyl 2-pentanone, MIBK


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Liquid

Color: Colorless (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  92¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  9.4 mm Hg  at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.9186 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  261¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  116.18 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  400 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a strong soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water.Fire Extinguishing Agents: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide or alcohol foam. (USCG, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, upper respiratory, and skin irritation; skin sensitization

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate; skin sensitization

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, blood, reproductive system

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; skin sens; possible hemato, repro effects


General Desc:
Hydrogen peroxide solution is the colorless liquid dissolved in water.  Its vapors are irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes.  The material, especially the higher concentrations, can violently decompose in contact with most common metals and their compounds.  Contact with combustible materials can result in spontaneous ignition.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat containers may violently rupture due to decomposition of the material.  It is used to bleach textiles and wood pulp, in chemical manufacturing and food processing. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
TLV TWA:  1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  10 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  50 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  100 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

First Aid:
Move victim to fresh air.  Call emergency medical care.  Apply artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.  In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.  Keep victim warm and quiet.  Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. (DOT, 1996)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Dilute slowly with water.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  The hazards associated with the use of hydrogen peroxide(especially highly concentrated solutions) are well documented. There is a release of enough energy during the catalytic decomposition of 65% peroxide to evaporate all water and ignite nearby combustible materials.Most cellulose materials contain enough catalyst to cause spontaneous ignition with 90% peroxide.Contamination of concentrated peroxide causes the possibility of explosion. Readily oxidizable materials, or alkaline substances containing heavy metals may react violently.Solvents(acetone, ethanol, glycerol) will detonate on mixture with peroxide of over 30% concentration, the violence increasing with concentration.Concentrated peroxide may decompose violently in contact with iron, copper, chromium, and most other metals or their salts, and dust(which frequently contain rust).During concentration under vacuum of aqueous or of aqueous-alcoholic solutions of hydrogen peroxide, violent explosions occured when the concentration was sufficiently high(>90%), Bretherick 2nd ed., 1979.Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid, Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73(1967); J, Org. Chem. 28:1893(1963). Hydrogen selenide and hydrogen peroxide undergo a very rapid decomposition, Mellor 1:941(1946-1947). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; corneal ulcer; erythema, vesicles on skin; bleached hair

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; acute lung damage; mutagen

Synonyms:
High-strength hydrogen peroxide, Hydrogen dioxide, Hydrogen peroxide (aqueous), Hydroperoxide, Peroxide

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a slightly sharp odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: The pure compound is a crystalline solid below 12ºF. Often used in an aqueous solution.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; corn ulcer; eryt, vesic skin; bleaching hair


General Desc:
White/Yellow: White to yellow, soft, waxy solid.
It has a garlic-like odor. Black: Polymorphic, orthorhombic crystalline form, amorphous form;. Red: Red to violet powder; polymorphic. Violet: Violet monoclinic.

This material is used as a rat poison; for smoke screens; gas analysis; fireworks; manufacturing safety matches, phosphoric acid, phosphine, phosphoric anhydride, phosphorus pentachloride, phosphorus trichloride, fertilizers, pesticides, smoke bombs, incendiary shells, tracer bullets; in organic synthesis. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  White-yellow:  Can be ignited under almost all normal temperature conditions.  Red:  Material that must be preheated before ignition can occur. (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  White-yellow:  Can be ignited under almost all normal temperature conditions.  Red:  Material that must be preheated before ignition can occur. (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  500¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  111.2 ¦ F White-yellow 
 1094 ¦ F  violet 
 1094¦ F  red (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.026 mm at 68¦ F White-yellow (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  4.77  Red 
 4.42  white-yellow (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity, Solid:  2.34  Red 
 2.36   violet 
 2.70   black 
 1.8  white-yellow (EPA, 1998)

Boiling Point:  536536¦ F at 760 mm White-yellow ignites at 86F in moist air; red ignites at 500F. (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  30.97 (EPA, 1998)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Acute Phosphorus Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to phosphorus may be severe and occur in three stages.  The first stage will involve burns, pain, shock, intense thirst, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, severe abdominal pain, and "smoking stools." The Breathing and feces may have garlicky odor.  The second stage will be a symptom-free period of several days in which the patient appears to be recovering.  The third stage may be severe and include nausea, bloody vomitus, diarrhea (may be bloody), jaundice, liver enlargement with tenderness, renal damage, hematuria (bloody urine), and either oliguria (little urine formation) or anuria (no urine formation).  Headache, convulsions, delirium, coma, cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiovascular collapse may also occur.  If phosphorus contacts the eyes, then severe irritation and burns, blepharospasm (spasmodic winking), lacrimation (tearing), and photophobia (heightened sensitivity to light) may occur.  Eye contact may lead to a total destruction of the eyes.  Victims may experience spontaneous hemorrhaging of phosphorus-contaminated skin and mucous membranes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to phosphorus may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to phosphorus. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  RUSH to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to phosphorus. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  Brush nonadherent phosphorus from skin areas, then flush skin with water.  Immerse exposed skin areas in water or cover with a wet dressing. 5.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for AT LEAST 15 MINUTES.  Keep exposed eyes covered with wet compresses. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 4.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 5.  Ambulate (walk) and give water to the victims. 6.  RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Caution : Flammable solid. Avoid sources of extreme heat or ignition including sparks or fire. White (or yellow) phosphorus may spontaneously ignite on contact with damp surfaces, including water or skin. Phosphorus will liberate toxic gases and vapors when heated.Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Any clothing which becomes contaminated should be removed immediately. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
White/Yellow: Deluge with water, taking care not to scatter, until fire is extinguished and phosphorus has solidified, then cover with wet sand or dirt. Red: Flood with water and when fire is extingushed, cover with wet sand or dirt. Extreme caution should be used during clean up since reignition may occur. Under certain conditions at high temperature, red phosphorus reverts to more hazardous white phosphorus.Small fires: dry chemical, sand, water spray, or foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water from the side until well after fire is out. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Reacts with oxygen and water or water vapor to form phosphine.CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Large quantities ignite spontaneously and on exposure to oxidizing agent. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, respiratory tract irritation; abdominal pain, nausea; jaundice; anemia; cachexia; dental pain; excessive salivation; jaw pain, swelling; skin, eye burns

Health Effects:
acute pulmonary damage; cumulative bone and liver damage

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, jaw, teeth, blood

Physical Description:
White to yellow, soft, waxy solid with acrid fumes in air.

Notes 2:
[Note: Usually shipped or stored in water.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, resp tract; eye, skin burns; abdom pain, nau, jaun; anemia; cachexia; dental pain, salv, jaw pain, swell


General Desc:
Sodium azide is a colorless crystalline solid.  It is soluble in water.  It will burn and may explode if large quantities are involved.  It may also explode if subject to shock.  It is toxic by ingestion.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires involving this material. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  Not flammable (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  Decomposes at 527F to sodium and nitrogen (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.850 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes in vacuum (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  65.02 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  50-100 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed.  Caution is advised.  Vital signs should be monitored closely. Signs and Symptoms of Sodium Azide (Na(N3)) Exposure: Ingestion or inhalation of sodium azide may cause dizziness, weakness, blurred vision, dyspnea (shortness of breath), hypotension (low blood pressure), slowed heart rate, and abdominal pain.  Spasms, convulsions, and loss of consciousness may also occur.  Dermal or eye exposure to sodium azide may result in pain and redness of exposed areas.  Eye exposure may also lead to blurred vision.  Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to sodium azide (Na(N3)) may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.  Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sodium azide (Na(N3)).  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.  3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  4.  Transport to a health care facility.  Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sodium azide (Na(N3)).  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.  3.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.  4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.  5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water.  6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  7.  Transport to a health care facility.  Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.  2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of sodium azide (Na(N3)) is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.  Warning: Ingestion of sodium azide (Na(N3)) may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.  4.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.  5.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Personnel protection: Avoid breathing dusts and fumes from burning material. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Wear boots, protective gloves and goggles. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Evacuation: If fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame, evacuate for a radius of 2500 feet.  Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing.If material is on fire or involved in fire, use water in flooding quantities as fog. Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical.  Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. For massive fire in cargo area, use unmanned hose holder or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  An azide is a compound of hydrogen or a metal and the monovalent triatomic nitrogen anion. All azide salts and the acid are unstable and some decompose explosively. Extremely dangerous, shock or heat may explode them. If exposed to carbon disulfide, they form violentluy explosive salts. They can be sensitized by metal salts (especially heavy metal salts such as silver chloride etc.) or by traces of strong acids. They decompose explosively if heated or on impact. [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 298]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

TLV NOTES:
C (ppm) IS FOR HN3 VAPOR (PRODUCED WHEN SODIUM AZIDE COMES IN CONTACT WITH WATER); C (mg/m3) IS FOR NaN3

REL NOTES:
C (ppm) IS FOR HN3 VAPOR (PRODUCED WHEN SODIUM AZIDE COMES IN CONTACT WITH WATER); C (mg/m3) IS FOR NaN3

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin; headache, dizziness, weakness, blurred vision; low blood pressure, bradycardia; kidney changes

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidneys

Synonyms:
Azide, Azium, Sodium salt of hydrazoic acid

Physical Description:
Colorless to white, odorless, crystalline solid.

Notes 2:
[pesticide] [Note: Forms hydrazoic acid (HN3) in water.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; head, dizz, weak, blurred vision; low BP, bradycardia; kidney changes


General Desc:
Potassium persulfate is a white crystalline solid.  It is soluble in water and is slowly decomposed by water.  It is non-combustible but it will accelerate the burning of combustible material. (¬ AAR, 1999)

First Aid:
Move victim to fresh air.  Call emergency medical care.  Apply artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.  Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.  In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.  Keep victim warm and quiet.  Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. (DOT, 1996)

Firefighting:
Flood with water.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Potassium Persulfate is slowly decomposed by water. Potassium persulfate plus a little potassium hydroxide and water ignited a polyethylene liner of a container by simultaneous release of heat and oxygen (MCA Case History 1155. 1955).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Potassium persulfate and a little potassium hydroxide and water ignited a polythene (polyethylene) liner of a container by release of heat and oxygen (MCA Case History 1155. 1955). (REACTIVITY, 1999)


General Desc:
Acrylamide solution is a colorless, odorless crystalline solid.  It is shipped either as a solid or in solution.  It is lighter than water and is soluble in water.  It is toxic skin absorption, and may be toxic by ingestion.  It is used for sewage and waste treatment, to make dyes, adhesives, and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  280.4¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  464¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  184¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.007 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  2.45 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.122 at 86¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  189¦ F at 2 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  71.08 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  60 mg/m3; Not applicable for Acrylamide, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.03 mg/m3  Suspected human carcinogen.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Acrylamide Exposure: Acrylamide is a cumulative neurotoxin.  Signs and symptoms of acute exposure may include drowsiness, fatigue, memory loss, confusion, hallucinations, tingling of fingers, loss of vibration and position senses, tremor, muscular weakness, disturbances of balance (especially with the eyes closed), and dysarthria (incoordination of the muscles used for speaking).  Excessive sweating of the feet and hands may also occur.  Contact with acrylamide may irritate or burn the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to acrylamide may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to acrylamide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to acrylamide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or foam. For large fires use water spray, fog or foam. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  White, crystalline solid, toxic, confirmed carcinogen, absorbed through the skin. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen. Spontaneous, violent polymerization occurs at its melting point (86 deg. C) [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 428]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Carcinogen:
EPA-B2, IARC-2A, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, TLV-A3

Symptoms:
ataxia; numbness limbs, paresthesia; muscle weakness; absent deep tendon reflex; hand sweating; fatigue, lethargy; eye, skin irritation (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
polyneuropathy, dermatitis; eyes, skin irritation; mutagen/suspect carcinogen; LD50 (oral, rat) 170 mg/kg

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, reproductive system

Synonyms:
Acrylamide monomer, Acrylic amide, Propenamide, 2-Propenamide

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; ataxia, numb limbs, pares; musc weak; absent deep tendon reflex; hand sweat; ftg, leth; repro effects; [carc]


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Liquid

Odor: Sharp rancid odor

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Mixes with water.  Irritating vapor is produced. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  130¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.9% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  14.8% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  870¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -6.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  2.9 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 10 mm Hg at 103.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.56 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.9942 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  285.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  74.09 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  15 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Dilute with water, then neutralize with lime or soda ash. (USCG, 1999)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, or alcohol foam. (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless, oily liquid, moderately toxic, corrosive. Flammable when exposed to heat, flame or oxidizers. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritaiting fumes [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1090]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; blurred vision, corneal burns; skin burns; abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting

Synonyms:
Carboxyethane, Ethanecarboxylic acid, Ethylformic acid, Metacetonic acid, Methyl acetic acid, Propanoic acid

Physical Description:
Colorless, oily liquid with a pungent, disagreeable, rancid odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; blurred vision, corn burns; skin burns; abdom pain, nau, vomit


General Desc:
Gasoline is a clear colorless to amber colored, volatile liquid with a petroleum-like odor.  It has a flash point of less than 0 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  The vapors are heavier than air.  Vapors from this commodity may travel to a source of ignition and then flash back to the source of the leak. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -36¦ F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.4 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.4 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  853¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  382.58 mm (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity:  0.72-0.76 at 60 ¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  140 to 390¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  72 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  300 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  500 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Strong oxidizers such as peroxides, nitric acid & perchlorates (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, muc memb; dermatitis; headache, fatigue, blurred vision, dizziness, slurred speech, confusion, convulsions; chemical pneumonia (aspir liquid); possible liver, kidney damage; potential occupational carcinogen

Health Effects:
irritation-eyes, nose, throat---mild; central nervous system effects; flammable

Synonyms:
Motor fuel, Motor spirits, Natural gasoline, Petrol [Note: A complex mixture of volatile hydrocarbons (paraffins, cycloparaffins & aromatics).]

Physical Description:
Clear liquid with a characteristic odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; derm; head, ftg, blurred vision, dizz, slurred speech, conf, convuls; chemical pneu (aspir liquid); possible liver, kidney damage; [carc]


General Desc:
Dimethyl sulfate is a colorless oily liquid, odorless to a faint onion-like odor.  It is very toxic by inhalation.  It is a combustible liquid and has a flash point of 182 deg. F.  It is slightly soluble in water and decomposed by water to give sulfuric acid with evolution of heat.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  182¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  Moderate fire potential when exposed to heat or flame. (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  Moderate fire potential when exposed to heat or flame. (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  370¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -25.15¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.1 to 0.5 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  4.35 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.33 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  About 370F (with decomposition) (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  126.14 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  7 ppm; Not applicable for Dimethyl sulfate, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm  Suspected human carcinogen.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(64¦F): 3% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Symptoms may be delayed up to 12 hours. Signs and Symptoms of Dimethyl Sulfate Exposure: Dimethyl sulfate is irritating to the eyes, skin, mucous membranes, and respiratory tract.  Severe dermal burns may be seen.  Headache and giddiness are early signs of acute exposure which may be followed by changes in vision, lacrimation (tearing), photophobia, cough, difficulty in breathing, nausea, and vomiting.  In severe cases, seizures, paralysis, delirium, and coma may occur. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to dimethyl sulfate may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid  self-exposure to dimethyl sulfate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If  breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory  support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should  avoid self-exposure to dimethyl sulfate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If  breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory  support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with  copious amounts of lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If  breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory  support. 2.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize!  3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old,  125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL  (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or  milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are  conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for  children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with  125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or  sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15  to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-  1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Do not use water on material itself.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Dike fire control water for later disposal. Do not scatter material.To extinguish small fires use water, foam, carbon dioxide, and dry chemicals. For large fires use water spray, fog, or foam. Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Cool containers exposed to flames with water. Fight fire from a maximum distance. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Pure dimethyl sulfate and concentrated aqueous ammonia react extremely violently with one another, NFPA 491M, 1991. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, irritation; headaches; giddiness; conjunctivitis; photophobia; periorbital edema; dysphonia, aphonia, dysphagia, productive coughing, chest pain; dyspnea; cyanosis; vomiting, diarrhea; dysuria; analgesia; fever; albuminuria, hematuria; eye, skin burns; delerium [potential occupational carcinogen]

Health Effects:
mutagen; acute eye, lung and skin effects

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, central nervous system; in animals: nasal and lung cancer

Synonyms:
Dimethyl ester of sulfuric acid, Dimethylsulfate, Methyl sulfate

Physical Description:
Colorless, oily liquid with a faint, onion-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose; head; gidd; conj; photo; periorb edema; dysphonia, aphonia, dysphagia, productive cough; chest pain; dysp, cyan; vomit, diarr; dysuria; analgesia; fever; album, hema; eye, skin burns; delirium; [carc]


General Desc:
Thionyl chloride is a colorless fuming liquid with a suffocating pungent odor.  It reacts with water to form sulfur dioxide and hydrochloric acid.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue.  Long term exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations can result in adverse health effects from inhalation. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -156¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  100 mm at 70¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.64 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  169¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  119.0 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1 ppm  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reacts (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible.  Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Water reacts with thionyl chloride liberating hydrochloric acid and sulfur dioxide (NFPA 10th ed. 1991). On contact with air, it forms corrosive fumes which are heavier than air; decomposed by water forming sulfur dioxide and HCl; reacts violently with bases causing fire and explosion hazards.  (Handling CHemicals Safely 1980. p. 898)CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless to yellow liquid, highly corrosive, toxic. It can burn the skin and eyes. Forms fumes upon exposure to air, on contact with water it decomposes violently to form highly toxic hydrogen chloride and sulfur dioxide gases. The total expansion ratio from gas to liquid is nearly 1000:1. If contained it may cause an explosion [MCA Case History No. 1808]. Potentially explosive reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide containing traces of iron or zinc [Spitulnik, M. J., Chem. Eng. News, 1977, 55(31), p. 31]. Violent reaction with alkali (ammonia, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide), alkaline metals (sodium, potassium), esters (ethyl acetate), o-nitrobenzoyl acetic acid, o-nitrophenyl benzoic acid, tetrahydrofurane, toluene mixed with ethanol containing water [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1325]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, muc memb; eye, skin burns

Synonyms:
Sulfinyl chloride, Sulfur chloride oxide, Sulfurous dichloride, Sulfurous oxychloride, Thionyl dichloride

Physical Description:
Colorless to yellow to reddish liquid with a pungent odor like sulfur dioxide.

Notes 2:
[Note: Fumes form when exposed to moist air.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; eye, skin burns


General Desc:
Phosphorus trichloride is a colorless or slightly yellow fuming liquid with a pungent and irritating odor resembling hydrochloric or muriatic acid.  It causes severe burns to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.  It is very toxic by inhalation, ingestion and skin absorption.  It reacts with water to evolve hydrochloric acid, an irritating and corrosive gas apparent as white fumes.  It is used during electrodeposition of metal on rubber and for making pesticides, surfactants, gasoline additives, plasticizers, dyestuffs, textile finishing agents, germicides, medicinal products, and other chemicals.  Although the substance is not itself flammable, it is a strong oxidizers that may ignite combustible organic materials upon contact.  In contact with many common metals (except nickel and lead) it may generate flammable and potentially explosive hydrogen gas.  Reactions with water are violent and produce heat and flashes of fire. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -170¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  100 mm at 69.8¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  4.75 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.58 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  169¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  137.35 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  25 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.2 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  0.5 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reacts (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Phosphorus trichloride is a corrosive agent.  Contact with eyes may result in severe damage to the cornea, conjunctiva, and blood vessels.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Phosphorus Trichloride Exposure: Acute exposure to phosphorus trichloride may result in irritation and burning of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  Light- headedness, drowsiness, slurred speech, pupillary dilation, increased salivation, dysphagia (difficulty swallowing), abdominal pain, and spontaneous vomiting may occur.  Stridor (high-pitched, noisy respirations), dyspnea (shortness of breath), and pulmonary edema are also common.  Apathy and mental confusion may develop, with progression to coma and death. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to phosphorus trichloride may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should  avoid self-exposure to phosphorus trichloride. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory  rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected,  provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial  respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer  oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from  the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel  should avoid self-exposure to phosphorus trichloride. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory  rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected,  provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial  respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer  oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with  lukewarm water for at least 30 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from  the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory  rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected,  provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial  respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer  oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from  the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Activated charcoal is of no value. 5.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year  old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years  old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or  1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims  are conscious and alert. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Do not use water on material itself.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).    Water spill:  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.  Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7). ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. Do not get water inside containers.This material will not burn. Use carbon dioxide or dry chemical on fires involving phosphorus trichloride. Do not use water. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Fuming liquid. Reaction with water is very violent. The reaction may be due to the formation of phosphine or elemental phosphorus. Additionally, the formation of Hydrogen may intensify the fire (Chemical Safety Data Sheet SD-27. 1948).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  The reaction of iodine monochloride and phosphorus trichloride is intensely exothermic Mellor 2, Supp. 1:502. 1956). Several laboratory explosions have been reported using acetic acid and phosphorus trichloride to form acetyl chloride. Poor heat control probably caused the formation of phosphine (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 60:488. 1938). Ignition occurs when hydroxylamine is mixed with phosphorus trichloride or phosphorus pentachloride (Mellor 8:290. 1946-47). An explosion occurs when nitric acid is brought into contact with phosphorus trichloride (Comp. Rend. 28:86). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; pulmonary edema; eye, skin burns

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, bronchi, lungs, skin---marked; bronchial pneumonia; pulmonary edema

Physical Description:
Colorless to yellow, fuming liquid with an odor like hydrochloric acid.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; pulm edema; eye, skin burns


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  White powder; light beige solid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  381¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.00023 mm Hg at 212¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  223.28 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  In cleanup of leaks or spills outside the laboratory hood, maintenance or repair operations on contaminated systems or equipment, where direct contact with this compound could result, each person entering that area should be provided with and required to wear, clean impervious garments, including gloves, boots and continuous air supplied hood-style respirator.  To perform cleanup FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this chemical at ambient temperatures, and keep it away from oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with acids, bases and oxidizing agents.  Ozone and chlorinating agents oxidize this type of compound. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
reduced functioning of liver, kidneys, bladder, pancreas (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
cancer---currently regulated by OSHA as a carcinogen; chiefly work practice standards; LD50 (oral,mouse) 1020 mg/kg

Synonyms:
AAF, 2-AAF, 2-Acetaminofluorene, N-Acetyl-2-aminofluorene, FAA, 2-FAA, 2-Fluorenylacetamide

Exposure Symptoms:
Reduced function of liver, kidneys, bladder, pancreas; [carc]


General Desc:
Arsenic is a greyish metallic solid turning black on the exposure to air.  It is insoluble in water.  It is toxic by ingestion. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  1135¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  5.73 (metal) (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  1,135¦ F (sublimes) at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  74.9216 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  5 mg/m3 as arsenic, suspected human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 mg/m3  For Arsenic, Confirmed human carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Even at 10C, bromine trifluoride reacts with antimony incandescently. Bromine trifluoride reacts similarly with arsenic, boron, bromine, iodine, phosphorus, and sulfur  (Mellor 2:113 1946-47). Bromoazide explodes on contact with antimony, arsenic, phosphorus, silver foil or sodium. When antimony or arsenic and solid potassium permanganate are ground together, the metals ignite (Mellor 12:322 1946-47). Sodium peroxide oxidizes antimony, arsenic, copper, potassium, tin, and zinc with incandescence (Mellor 2:490-93 1946-47). A combination of finely divided arsenic with finely divided bromates (also chlorates and iodates) of barium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, or zinc can explode by heat, percussion, and friction (Mellor 2:310 1946-47). Bromine pentafluoride reacts readily in the cold with arsenic ignition usually occurs. A few drops of the liquid falling in water produces an explosion. Fluorine vigorously reacts with arsenic and arsenic trioxide at ordinary temperatures (Mellor 9:34 1946-47). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
in animals: irritation skin, possible dermatitis; respiratory distress; diarrhea; kidney damage; muscle tremor, seizure; possible gastrointestinal tract, reproductive effects; possible liver damage

Target Organ:
skin, respiratory system, kidneys, central nervous system, liver, gastrointestinal tract, reproductive system

Synonyms:
Synonyms vary depending upon the specific organic arsenic compound.

Physical Description:
Metal: Silver-gray or tin-white, brittle, odorless solid.

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irritation skin, possible dermatitis; respiratory distress; diarrhea; kidney damage; muscle tremor, seizure; possible gastrointestinal tract, reproductive effects; possible liver damage


First Aid:
Eyes: Irrigate immediately (solution/liquid); Skins: Water flush immediately (solution/liquid); Inhalation: Respiratory support; Ingestion: Medical attention immediately (solution)

Reactivity:
Strong oxidizers, acids, halogens, salts of silver & zinc

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; dyspnea, broncospasms; chest pain; pulmonary edema; pink frothy sputum; skin burns; vesiculation

Health Effects:
respiratory effects---acute lung damage/edema; irritation-eye, nose, throat, bronchi, skin---marked

Synonyms:
Anhydrous ammonia, Aqua ammonia, Aqueous ammonia [Note: Often used in an aqueous solution.]

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a pungent, suffocating odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas. Easily liquefied under pressure.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; dysp, bronspas, chest pain; pulm edema; pink frothy sputum; skin burns, vesic; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Liquid

Odor: Aromatic

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  126¦ F (oc) (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  1.36 % calculated (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -31.2¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  10 mm Hg  at 109.8¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.0826 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  318.15¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  126.58 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  50 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  75 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(77¦F): 0.009% (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Small fires: dry chemical, CO 2 , water spray or foam; large fires: water spray, fog or foam. (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
REACTIVITY:  Violent reaction with dimethyl sulfoxide. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, muc memb; dermatitis; drowsiness, incoordination, anesthesia; cough; liver, kidney injury

Synonyms:
1-Chloro-2-methylbenzene, 2-Chloro-1-methylbenzene, 2-Chlorotoluene, o-Tolyl chloride

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; derm; drow, inco, anes; cough; liver, kidney inj


General Desc:
o-Dichlorobenzene is a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.  It is heavier than water and is insoluble in water.  It has a flash point of 150 deg. F.  It is toxic by inhalation and ingestion.  It is used to make other chemicals, solvents, fumigants and insecticides and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  151¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.2% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  9.2% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1198¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 1.5 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  5.05 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.3048 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  356.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  147.00 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  200 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  25 ppm  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  50 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 76.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to prolonged exposure to light.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical can react vigorously with oxidizers.  It is incompatible with aluminum and aluminum alloys.  It attacks some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
nose, eye irritation; liver, kidney damage; skin blisters

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; liver damage

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys

Physical Description:
Colorless to pale-yellow liquid with a pleasant, aromatic odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose; liver, kidney damage; skin blisters


First Aid:
Eyes: Irrigate immediately; Skins: Soap wash prompt; Inhalation: Respiratory support; Ingestion: Medical attention immediately

Reactivity:
Strong oxidizers, fuming nitric acid, sulfuric acid

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with an irritating, terpene-like odor.


Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; headache, vertigo (an illusion of movement); sore throat, cough; abdominal pain, vomiting; skin burns, pruritus; in animals: liver, kidney damage

Synonyms:
TCHH, Tricyclohexylhydroxystannane, Tricyclohexylhydroxytin, Tricyclohexylstannium hydroxide, Tricyclohexyltin hydroxide

Physical Description:
Colorless to white, nearly odorless, crystalline powder.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; head, verti; sore throat, cough; abdom pain, vomit; skin burns, pruritus; in animals: liver, kidney damage


Reactivity:
Oxidizers, strong acids & bases, alkali metals, nitric acid

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; confusion, dizziness, headache, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, weakness, convulsions

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; conf, dizz, head, drow, nau, vomit, weak, convuls


Synonyms:
Diatomaceous earth, Diatomaceous silica, Diatomite, Precipitated amorphous silica, Silica gel, Silicon dioxide (amorphous)

Notes 2:
[Note: Amorphous silica is the non-crystalline form of SiO2.]


General Desc:
Heptanes are clear colorless liquids with a petroleum-like odor.  They have a flash point of 25 deg. F.  They are lighter than water and insoluble in water.  The vapors are heavier than air. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  25¦ F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  7 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  433¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -131¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  37.49 mm at 70¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity:  0.68 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  209.1¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  100.21 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  750 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  400 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  500 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.0003% (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
lightheadedness, giddiness, stupor, vertigo (an illusion of movement), incoordination; loss of appetite, nausea; dermatitis; chemical pneumonia (aspir liquid); unconsciousness

Target Organ:
skin, respiratory system, central nervous system

Exposure Symptoms:
Li-head, gidd, stupor, verti, inco; loss of appetite, nau; derm; chemical pneu (aspir liquid); uncon


General Desc:
Sodium cyanide is a white crystalline or lump solid or water solution.  It absorbs water from the air forming a syrup.  The aqueous solution is strongly alkaline and decomposes rapidly on standing.  It reacts with acids or acid fumes evolving hydrogen cyanide, a highly toxic and flammable gas.  It is toxic by skin absorption through open wounds, by ingestion, and by inhalation. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  Not combustible (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  1047¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm at 1502.6¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.6 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  2725¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  49.01 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  25 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 mg/m3  Skin.  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Heart palpitations may occur within minutes after exposure.  Caution is advised.  Effects may be delayed.  Signs and Symptoms of Acute Sodium Cyanide Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to sodium cyanide may include hypertension (high blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate), followed by hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (slow heart rate).  Cardiac arrhythmias and other cardiac abnormalities are common.  Cyanosis (blue tint to the skin and mucous membranes) and cherry-red or bloody mucous membranes may occur.  Tachypnea (rapid respiratory rate) may be followed by respiratory depression.  Pulmonary edema and lung hemorrhage may also occur.  Headache, vertigo (dizziness), agitation, and giddiness may be followed by combative behavior, dilated and unreactive pupils, convulsions, paralysis, and coma.  Sodium cyanide is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes.  Lacrimation (tearing) and a burning sensation of the mouth and throat are common.  Increased salivation, nausea, and vomiting are often seen. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to sodium cyanide may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  All exposed persons should be transported to a health care facility as quickly as possible.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sodium cyanide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with sodium cyanide-contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self-poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to sodium cyanide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with sodium cyanide-contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self-poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 5.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 6.  Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with sodium cyanide-contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self-poisoning. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  DO NOT induce vomiting.  Ipecac is not recommended for ingestion of sodium cyanide. 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.  (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Do not use water on material itself.    Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.    Water spill:  Add dilute caustic soda (NaOH).  Add calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2).  Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7). ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Full protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus, rubber gloves, boots, and bands around legs, arms, and waist should be provided. No skin surface should be exposed. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used.Fight fire from maximum distance. Move container from area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal. Do not scatter the material.Use water.  Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam for small fires, water spray, fog, or foam for large fires. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  It absorbs water from the air forming a syrup.  It is slowly decomposed by water and very rapidly by acids to give off hydrogen cyanide, a flammable poison gasCHEMICAL PROFILE:  A white powder, a deadly human poison by ingestion. Upon contact with acids, even very weak acids , e.g., carbon dioxide (soda, pop) it will produce deadly and flammable hydrogen cyanide gas. It reacts violently with fluorine, magnesium, nitric acid, nitrates and nitrites [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 2958]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin; asphyxia; weakness, headache, confusion; nausea, vomiting; increase(d) respiratory rate; slow gasping respiration; thyroid, blood changes

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, thyroid, blood

Physical Description:
White, granular or crystalline solid with a faint, almond-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; asphy; weak, head, conf; nau, vomit; incr resp rate; slow gasping respiration; thyroid, blood changes


General Desc:
Isophorone diisocyanate is a clear to light-yellow colored liquid.  It is slightly heavier than water and insoluble in water.  It is toxic by inhalation and skin absorption.  It is also very irritating to skin.  It is used to make polyurethane coatings. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  >200¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -76¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0003 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 0.0007 mm Hg at 122¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.049 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  316¦ F at 10 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  222.32 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  0.005 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Isophorone Diisocyanate Exposure: Signs and symptoms of isophorone diisocyanate exposure include the following: itching skin, skin rashes, tearing of the eyes, inflammation of nasal mucous membrane, and respiratory irritation.  Gastrointestinal irritation may also occur.  Difficulty in breathing and skin rash may be observed upon re-exposure.  Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to isophorone diisocyanate may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.  Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to isophorone diisocyanate.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% humidified oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress.  Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with isophorone diisocyanate contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self poisoning. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  4. Rush to a health care facility.  Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to isophorone diisocyanate.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% humidified oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress.  Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with isophorone diisocyanate contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self poisoning.  3. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.  4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.  5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  7. Rush to a health care facility.  Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% humidified oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress.  Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with isophorone diisocyanate contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self poisoning. 2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  3.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.  5.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert.  6.  Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing at the site.Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or foam. Large fires: water spray, fog or foam. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical may be sensitive to moisture.REACTIVITY:  This compound reacts with all substances containing active hydrogen atoms such as water, alcohols, phenols, amines, mercaptans, amides, urethanes and ureas. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; chest tightness, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), cough, sore throat; bronchitis, wheezing, pulmonary edema; possible respiratory sensitization, asthma

Health Effects:
respiratory sensitization; irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked

Synonyms:
IPDI; 3-Isocyanatomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexyl-isocyanate; Isophorone diamine diisocyanate

Physical Description:
Colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a pungent odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; chest tight, dysp, cough, sore throat; bron, wheez, pulm edema; possible resp sens, asthma


Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; liver, kidney, hematopoietic damage

Health Effects:
cumulative liver and kidney damage; cumulative lung damage

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, hematopoietic system

Synonyms:
Hydrogenated diphenylbenzenes, Hydrogenated phenylbiphenyls, Hydrogenated triphenyls

Physical Description:
Clear, oily, pale-yellow liquids with a faint odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; liver, kidney, hemato damage


First Aid:
Eyes: Irrigate immediately; Skins: Soap flush immediately; Inhalation: Respiratory support; Ingestion: Medical attention immediately

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; eye, skin burns; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty)

Synonyms:
HPA, beta-Hydroxypropyl acrylate, Propylene glycol monoacrylate

Physical Description:
Clear to light-yellow liquid wiith a sweetish, solvent odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; eye, skin burns; cough, dysp


Main Chemical Name:
ARSENIC METAL AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS, as As

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.  Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water.  If this chemical penetrates the clothing immediately remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

PEL NOTES:
as As; TWA=0.5 mg/m3 FOR ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. SEE 29 CFR 1910.1018

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); as As;15 MINUTE CEILING

Carcinogen:
IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca*, NTP-K*, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A1, EPA-A,  *INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

Symptoms:
ulceration of nasal septum, dermatitis, gastrointestinal disturbances, peripheral neuropathy, respiratory irritation, hyperpigmentation of skin, [potential occupational carcinogen]

Target Organ:
liver, kidneys, skin, lungs, lymphatic system

Synonyms:
Arsenic metal: Arsenia Other synonyms vary depending upon the specific As compound.


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Watery liquid

Odor: Gasoline-like odor

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Floats on water.  Flammable, irritating vapor is produced. Boiling point is 82ºF. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.4% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.6% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  800¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -255.8¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  400 mm Hg at 50.9¦ F; 595 mm Hg at 70.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.48 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.620 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  82.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  72.15 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 73¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffectiveFire Extinguishing Agents: Dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is a fire and explosion hazard when in contact with oxidizing agents. (NTP, 1992)


General Desc:
White crystalline solid or yellow solid. Used as a contact herbicide and desiccant.

First Aid:
Warning: Death may occur in 24 hours or less.  Caution is advised.  Vital signs should be monitored closely.   

Signs and Symptoms of Paraquat Methylsulfate Exposure: Dermal contact with paraquat methylsulfate may cause irritation and fissuring of the skin and cracking, discoloration, and sometimes loss of the fingernails.  Contact with eyes may cause eye irritation and injury and may result in protracted opacification of the cornea.  Inhalation may cause nose bleeds, headaches, coughing, sore throat, and difficulty in breathing.  Ingestion may cause headaches; burning in mouth, throat, and abdomen; nausea; vomiting; bloody vomitus; and bloody diarrhea.   

Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to paraquat methylsulfate may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.   

Inhalation Exposure: 
1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to paraquat methylsulfate.  
2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  DO NOT administer supplemental oxygen! 
3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  
4.  Rush to a health care facility.   

Dermal/Eye Exposure: 
1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to paraquat methylsulfate.  
2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  DO NOT administer supplemental oxygen! 
3.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.  
4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.  
5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water.  
6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  
7.  Rush to a health care facility.   

Ingestion Exposure: 
1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  DO NOT administer supplemental oxygen! 
2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  
3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of paraquat methylsulfate is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 
4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.  Warning: Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 
4.  The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.  
4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.  
5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.  
6.  Rush to a health care facility.

Nonfire Spill Response:
(Non-Specific -- Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do so without risk. 
Small spills: absorb with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. 
Small dry spills: with clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover; move containers from spill area. 
Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal.

Firefighting:
(Non-Specific -- Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear self-contained (positive pressure if available) breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk.
Not combustible. (Non-Specific -- Pesticide, Solid, n.o.s.) Extinguish with dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog, or foam.

Reactivity:
No rapid reaction with air.  No rapid reaction with water.
When PARAQUAT METHOSULFATE is heated to decomposition, it emits very toxic fumes of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides.  Avoid strong oxidizers.

Health Effects:
It can cause death by shock and/or pulmonary damage. The fatal dose is estimated to be 6 grams of paraquat ion. Exposure may cause renal tubular damage and liver dysfunction.

Physical Description:
White crystalline solid or yellow solid.


General Desc:
Chromic acetate is a greyish green to bluish green powder.  It is soluble in water.  The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should betaken to limit its spread to the environment.  It is used in tanning and in textile dyeing. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity, Solid:  1.30 (USCG, 1999)

Boiling Point:  212¦ F For aqueous solution at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  229.14 (anhydrous); 247.16 (hydrate) (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  25 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.5 mg/m3  For Chromium (III). (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.    Water spill:  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7).  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
Polymerization: Will not occur (USCG, 1999)

Target Organ:
blood, resp sys, liver, kidneys, eyes, skin

Synonyms:
Chromic acid (CrO3): Chromic anhydride, Chromic oxide, Chromium(VI) oxide (1:3), Chromium trioxide Synonyms of chromates (i.e., chromium(VI) compounds) such as zinc chromate vary depending upon the specific compound.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit resp sys; nasal septum perf; liver, kidney damage; leucyt, leupen, monocy, eosin; eye inj, conj; skin ulcer, sens derm; [carc]

87-88 TLV Notes:
[Chromium (VI) compounds as Cr, water soluble]

86 REL Notes:
15 minute ceiling [Chromic Acid and noncarcinogenic Cr(VI)]


First Aid:
Eyes: Irrigate immediately; Skins: Soap wash; Inhalation: Fresh air

REL NOTES:
TWA = RESPIRABLE FRACTION, 10 mg/m3 TOTAL DUST; STEL = 20 mg/m3 TOTAL DUST

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; cough

Health Effects:
explosive, flammable (no adverse effects when good housekeeping practices are used)

Physical Description:
White to light-brown, crystalline solid.


General Desc:
Acetylene is a colorless gas with a faint garlic-like odor.  It is easily ignited and burns with a sooty flame.  The gas is lighter than air but a flame can flash back to the source of a leak very easily.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  2.5 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  100 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  581¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -119¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  44.2 atm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity, Liquid:  0.613 at -112.0¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Boiling Point:  -119¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  26.04 (USCG, 1999)

Water Solubility:  2% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately.  If tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15  minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids.  If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or Photophobia (abnormal visual intolerance to light) phobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.  Skin: If frostbite has occurred, seek medical attention immediately; do NOT rub the affected areas or flush with water. In order to prevent further tissue damage, do NOT attempt to remove frozen clothing from frostbitten areas.  If frostbite has NOT occurred, immediately and thoroughly wash contaminated skin with soap and water. Breathing: If a person breaths large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. Other measures are usually unnecessary. (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Reacts with alkali metals forming H2. Acetylene can react explosively with bromine (Von Schwartz 1918. p.142 ). Acetylene forms a sensitive acetylide when passed into an aqueous solution of mercuric nitrate, (Mellor 4:933. 1946-47).  Contact of very cold liquefied gas with water may result in vigorous or violent boiling of the product and extremely rapid vaporization due to the large temperature differences involved. If the water is hot, there is the possibility that a liquid "superheat" explosion may occur. Pressures may build to dangerous levels if liquid gas contacts water in a closed container (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

TLV NOTES:
"INERT" GAS OR VAPOR THAT ACTS PRIMARILY AS A SIMPLE ASPHYXIANT

Symptoms:
headache, dizziness; asphyxia; liquid: frostbite

Health Effects:
explosive, flammable, safety--no adverse effects encountered when good housekeeping practices are followed; asphyxiation

Target Organ:
central nervous system, respiratory system

Notes 2:
[Note: Commercial grade has a garlic-like odor. Shipped under pressure dissolved in acetone.]

86 REL Notes:
No exposure greater than 10% of the LEL (values shown as ceiling limits)


General Desc:
Sodium fluoroacetate is a fine, white, odorless, powdered solid.  It is soluble in water.  It is toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.  It is used as a rodenticide. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  Not combustible. (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  Not combustible. (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  392¦ F Decomposes at 392F. (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity, Solid:  >1 (temperature not listed) (USCG, 1999)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  100.02 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  2.5 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.05 mg/m3  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Miscible (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects usually appear within 30 minutes of exposure but may be delayed as long as 20 hours.  Caution is advised.  Vital signs should be monitored closely. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Sodium Fluoroacetate Exposure: Signs and symptoms may be extremely severe and range from nausea, excessive salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, blurred vision, tingling sensations and muscular twitching to convulsions alternating with coma and depression, and heart failure.  Other symptoms include numbness, low blood pressure, hyperactivity, respiratory depression or arrest, cyanosis (blue tint to the skin and mucous membranes), and ventricular fibrillation. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to sodium fluoroacetate may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sodium fluoroacetate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility. 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sodium fluoroacetate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas three times with soap and water. 6.  RUSH to a health care facility. 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of sodium fluoroacetate is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 5.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of sodium fluoroacetate may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 5. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3- 1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear self-contained, positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  Decomposes at 392 F degrees. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
vomiting; apprhension; auditory hallucinations; facial paresthesia, twitching of facial muscles, convulsions; pulsus altenans, ectopic heartbeat, tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation; pulmonary edema; nystagmus

Health Effects:
acute systemic toxicity (metabolic poison);

Target Organ:
respiratory system, cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys, central nervous system

Physical Description:
Fluffy, colorless to white (sometimes dyed black), odorless powder.

Notes 2:
[Note: A liquid above 95ºF.] [rodenticide]

Exposure Symptoms:
Vomit; appre, auditory halu; facial pares; twitch face musc; pulsus altenans, ectopic heartbeat, tacard, venfib; pulm edema; nystagmus; convuls; liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
Yellow oily liquid, faint characteristic odor.

This material was formerly used in the production of rocket fuels. Presently used as an antioxidant, as an additive for lubricants and as a softener of copolymers.
It is an intermediate for 1,1-dimethylhydrazine. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Specific Gravity, Liquid:  1.0048 at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Boiling Point:  304 to 307¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  74.08 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  Suspected human carcinogen.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

First Aid:
Warning: Nitrosodimethylamine is a suspected human carcinogen, hepatotoxin, and hemorrhagic agent.  Caution is advised.  Effects may be delayed. Signs and Symptoms of Nitrosodimethylamine Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to nitrosodimethylamine may include myocardial and endocardial hemorrhage after oral exposure.  Pulmonary edema and congestion have been noted, as have hepatomegaly (liver enlargement), hepatitis, icterus (jaundice), and ascites (accumulation of serous fluid in the abdomen).  Other signs and symptoms may include malaise (body discomfort), vomiting, Gastrointestinal hemorrhage, seizures, and cerebral edema. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to nitrosodimethylamine may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Remove victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to nitrosodimethylamine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Rush to a health care facility. 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to nitrosodimethylamine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of nitrosodimethylamine is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of nitrosodimethylamine may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: Children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to l cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Rush to a health care facility.  (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Avoid inhalation and skin contact. Spills can be absorbed by celite or commercial spill absorbent. After absorbent containing major share of nitrosamine has been picked-up (avoid dusts; do not sweep), surface should be thoroughly cleaned with strong detergent solution. If major spill occurs outside of ventilated area, room should be evacuated and cleanup operation should be carried out by persons equipped with self-contained breathing apparatus. (EPA, 1998)

TLV NOTES:
SKIN; EXPOSURE BY ALL ROUTES SHOULD BE CAREFULLY CONTROLLED TO LEVELS AS LOW AS POSSIBLE

Carcinogen:
IARC-2A, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A3, EPA-B2

Symptoms:
nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps; headaches; fever; enlarged liver, jaundice; reduced functioning of liver, kidneys, and lungs; [carcinogenic]

Synonyms:
Dimethylnitrosamine; N,N-Dimethylnitrosamine; DMNA; N-Methyl-N-nitroso-methanamine; NDMA; N-Nitroso-N,N-dimethylamine, Nitrosodimethylamine

Physical Description:
Yellow, oily liquid with a faint, characteristic odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Nau, vomit, diarr, abdom cramps; head; fever; enlarged liver, jaun; decr liver, kidney, pulm func; [carc]


General Desc:
Calcium arsenate white powder.  It is slightly soluble in water.  It decomposes on heating.  It is toxic by inhalation and ingestion.  It is used as an insecticide and germicide. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  2651¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  3.62 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  398.08 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  5 mg/m3 as arsenic, suspected human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.2 mg/m3  For Arsenic. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(77¦F): 0.01% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects usually appear within 30 minutes of exposure but may be delayed for several hours.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Calcium Arsenate Exposure: Hypotension (low blood pressure), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), dehydration, intense thirst, difficulty swallowing, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea are among the first signs and symptoms noticed following acute calcium arsenate exposure.  Headache, conjunctivitis (red, inflamed eyes), runny nose, and lacrimation (tearing) are also common.  Garlic odor of breath and feces may be noted.  Cardiovascular effects include shock, tachycardia (rapid heart rate), ventricular fibrillation, and other cardiac abnormalities.  Pulmonary edema may occur.  Altered mental status, seizures, and delirium are further complications of calcium arsenate exposure.  Intense muscle cramping is common.  Exposure to airborne dust is generally accompanied by irritation of exposed skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to calcium arsenate may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to calcium arsenate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to calcium arsenate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  THOROUGHLY wash exposed skin areas with soap and water. 6.  RUSH to a health care facility! 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of calcium arsenate is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 5.Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of calcium arsenate may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 5. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear self-contained (positive pressure if available) breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.Not flammable. For small fires, use dry chemical, water spray, or foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:None reported [Note: Produces toxic fumes of arsenic when heated to decomposition.] (NIOSH, 1997)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); as As; 15 MINUTE CEILING

Symptoms:
weakness; gastrointestinal disturbances; peripheral neuropathy; hyperpigmentation, palmar planter hyperkeratoses; dermatitis; (carcinogenic) in animals:  liver damage

Health Effects:
suspect carcinogen; cumulative systemic poisoning

Target Organ:
eyes, respiratory system, liver, skin, central nervous system, lymphatic system

Synonyms:
Calcium salt (2:3) of arsenic acid, Cucumber dust, Tricalcium arsenate, Tricalcium ortho-arsenate

Exposure Symptoms:
Weak; GI dist; peri neur; skin hyperpig, palmar planter hyperkeratoses; derm; [carc]; in animals: liver damage


Main Chemical Name:
VANADIUM, RESPIRABLE DUST & FUME, as V2O5

General Desc:
Vanadium pentoxide is yellow to red, crystalline powder.  It is slightly soluble in water and weighs more than water.  Contact with the material may cause severe irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  It may be poisonous by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  Not flammable. (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  Not flammable. (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  1274¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  Approximately 0 at 68F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  3.357 at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  3182¦ F at 760 mm decomposition (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  181.9 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  35 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.05 mg/m3  For Vanadium. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Acute Vanadium Pentoxide Exposure: Acute exposure to vanadium pentoxide may result in pulmonary irritation, bronchospasm, hemoptysis (coughing up of blood), pulmonary edema, emphysema, and pneumonia.  Gastrointestinal effects may include nausea, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, anorexia, and black stools.  Headache, dry mouth, dizziness, nervousness, insomnia, and tremor may be found.  Vanadium pentoxide is irritating to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  Contact may result in a green staining of the tongue and skin.  Blindness and epistaxis (bloody nose) are further complications. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to vanadium pentoxide may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to vanadium pentoxide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to vanadium pentoxide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure:  1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 4.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of vanadium pentoxide is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 5.Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 5. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing at the site.Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical can react with ClF3, Li, peroxyformic acid and (Ca+S+H2O).  It also reacts with strong acids. (NTP, 1992)

PEL NOTES:
FUME, 0.5 mg/m3 CEILING FOR RESPIRABLE DUST

REL NOTES:
15 MINUTE CEILING, APPLIES TO TOTAL DUST, as V, EXCEPT  VANADIUM METAL AND VANADIUM CARBIDE

Symptoms:
eye irritation; green tongue, metallic taste; throat irritation; coughing; fine rales, wheezing, bronchitis, dyspnea; eczema

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; acute and chronic bronchial damage; and;

Synonyms:
Divanadium pentoxide dust, Vanadic anhydride dust, Vanadium oxide dust, Vanadium pentaoxide dust
Other synonyms vary depending upon the specific vanadium compound.

Physical Description:
Yellow-orange powder or dark-gray, odorless flakes dispersed in air.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, throat; green tongue, metallic taste, eczema; cough; fine rales, wheez, bron, dysp


General Desc:
Tetrafluoroethylene, inhibited is an odorless gas.  It is easily ignited.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air.  If exposed to heat for prolonged periods, containers of tetrafluoroethylene may polymerize and the polymerization may violently rupture the containers.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  50% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  10% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  370¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -224.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  22800 mm Hg at 70.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.87 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.519 at -105¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  -105.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  100.02 (NTP, 1992)

ERPG-1:  200 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  1000 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  10,000 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  CAUTION: Exposure of skin to compressed gases may result in freezing of the skin.  Treatment for frostbite may be necessary.  Remove the victim from the source of contamination.  IMMEDIATELY wash affected areas gently with COLD water (and soap, if necessary) while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Dry carefully with clean, soft towels.  If symptoms such as inflammation or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician or go to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  This compound is a gas, therefore inhalation is the first route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  With air, it forms polymeric peroxides which are explosive (Bretherick 1979 p. 164). (REACTIVITY, 1999)


Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; dermatitis

Synonyms:
Pyrophosphate, Sodium pyrophosphate, Tetrasodium diphosphate, Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (anhydrous), TSPP

Notes 2:
[Note: The decahydrate (Na4P2O7*10H2O) is in the form of colorless, transparent crystals.]


Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; headache, vertigo (an illusion of movement); psycho-neurologic disturbance; sore throat, cough; abdominal pain, vomiting; urine retention; paresis, focal anesthesia; skin burns, pruritus; in animals: hemolysis; hepatic necrosis; kidney damage

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys, urinary tract, blood

Synonyms:
Synonyms vary depending upon the specific organic tin compound. [Note: Also see specific listing for Cyhexatin.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; head, verti; psycho-neurologic dist; sore throat, cough; abdom pain, vomit; urine retention; paresis, focal anes; skin burns, pruritus; in animals: hemolysis; hepatic necrosis; kidney damage


General Desc:
Methylhydrazine, is a colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor.  Its flash point is below 158 deg. F.  Spontaneous ignition may occur if in contact with oxidizing materials.  It is very toxic by inhalation and by skin absorption.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  158¦ F (oc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.5 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  97 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  382¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -62.3¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  49.6 mm at 77¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  1.6 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.874 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  190¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  46.07 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  20 ppm; Not applicable for Methyl hydrazine, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.01 ppm  Suspected human carcinogen.  Skin.  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (<1 mg/mL at 75¦ F) (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Symptoms may be delayed from hours to days.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Methyl Hydrazine Exposure: Symptoms of acute exposure to methyl hydrazine may include facial numbness, facial swelling, and increased salivation.  Headache, twitching, seizure, convulsions, and coma may also occur.  Gastrointestinal signs and symptoms include anorexia, nausea, and vomiting.  Pulmonary edema and hypotension (low blood pressure) are common.  Methyl hydrazine is toxic to the liver, ruptures red blood cells, and may cause kidney damage.  Contact with the skin, eyes, or mucous membranes may result in severe irritation and permanent damage. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to methyl hydrazine may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to methyl hydrazine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  RUSH to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to methyl hydrazine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 4. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special (full) protective clothing. No skin surface should be exposed.  Isolate area for 1/2-mile in all directions if a tank car or truck is involved in a fire.For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, and foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or foam. Keep unnecessary people away and isolate the hazardous area. Stay upwind and keep out of low-lying areas.Fire exposed containers should be kept cool with water. Use water spray to disperse vapors and protect men attempting to stop a leak which has not ignited.  Move container from fire area if it can be done without risk. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Exposure of methylhydrazine in air on a large surface may result in spontaneous ignition (Def. Res. and Eng. 27. 1963). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, skin, respiratory system irritation; vomiting, diarrhea; tremors, ataxia; anoxia, cyanosis; convulsions, [potential occupational carcinogen]

Health Effects:
acute lung, central nervous system and blood damage; mutagen/suspect carcinogen; suspect teratogen

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, blood, cardiovascular system

Physical Description:
Fuming, colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; vomit, diarr, tremor, ataxia; anoxia, cyan; convuls; [carc]


General Desc:
Liquid.

This material is used in the manufacturing of polyurethane foams, elastomers, and coatings; crosslinking agent for nylon 6. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Flash Point:  270¦ F (unspc) for a 80% 2,4:20% 2,6 TDI mixture (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  68 to 72¦ F for a 80% 2,4:20% 2,6 TDI mixture (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.5 mm at 77¦ F for a 80% 2,4:20% 2,6 TDI mixture (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.225 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  264 to 271¦ F at 18 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  174.2 (EPA, 1998)

Water Solubility:  Reaction (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Toluene 2,6-diisocyanate is a powerful irritant to the lungs, skin, eyes, and gastrointestinal tract.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Toluene 2,6-Diisocyanate Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to toluene 2,6-diisocyanate may be severe and include burning of the skin, eyes, nose, and throat.  Cough, laryngitis, chest pain, tightness in the chest, bronchitis, asthma, emphysema, and enlargement of the right side of the heart may also occur.  Gastrointestinal effects may include vomiting and abdominal pain.  Headache, insomnia, euphoria, depression, anxiety, paranoia, neuroses, and ataxia (incoordination) may also be noted. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to toluene 2,6-diisocyanate may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to toluene 2,6-diisocyanate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  RUSH to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to toluene 2,6-diisocyanate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Caution : Mixing with water may result in a violent reaction. Sources of extreme heat or ignition (including sparks or fire) may result in the formation of toxic nitrogen oxide gases.Decontaminate with a suitable solution such as 10 percent ammonia with alcohol. Keep unnecessary people away, isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind and keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Shut off ignition sources; no flares, smoking or flames in hazard area. Do not touch spilled material, stop leak if you can do so without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Small spills: absorb with sand or other noncombustible material and place into containers for later disposal. Small dry spills: with clean shovel place material into clean dry container and cover; move containers from spill area. Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Should wear a self-contained breathing apparatus. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.Should be extinguished with carbon dioxide, dry chemical or inert gas. For large fires fight with water in the form of spray. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Reacts violently with amines, alcohols, bases and warm water, causing fire and explosion hazards.  (Handling CHemicals Safely 1980. p. 907). Reaction with water to form Carbon Dioxide (Merck 11th ed. 1989). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Carcinogen:
IARC-2B, NIOSH-Ca, TLV-A4, NTP-R; [IARC and NTP CLASSIFICATIONS ARE FOR TDI MIXTURE CAS# 26471-62-5]


IDLH CA/LEL:
UNKNOWN, "EFFECTIVE VALUE" TO SELECT RESPIRATOR

Symptoms:
acneform dermatitis; anorexia, nausea; vertigo; jaundice, liver injury

Physical Description:
Colorless to pale-yellow solid with an aromatic odor.


General Desc:
Phenol solution is a colorless liquid when pure, otherwise it is pink or red.  It is also combustible.  Its vapor is heavier than air and it is soluble in water.  It is corrosive to the skin but because of anesthetic qualities will numb rather than burn.  Upon contact skin may turn white.  Lethal quantities of the material can be absorbed through the skin.  It does not react with water.  It is stable in normal transportation.  It is reactive with various chemicals and may be corrosive to lead, aluminum and its alloys, certain plastics, and rubber.  The flash point of 175 deg. F.  indicates that it must be heated before ignition may occur easily.  Its freezing point is approximately 105 deg. F.  It weighs 8.9 lbs./gal.  It is used to make plastics, adhesives and other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  175¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.7% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  8.6% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1319¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  109¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.2 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 0.35 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.24 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.0576 at 106¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  360¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  94.11 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm  For Pure Phenol.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  10 ppm  For Pure Phenol.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  10 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  50 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  200 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  50-100 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Phenols are very toxic poisons AND corrosive and irritating, so that inducing vomiting may make medical problems worse.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center and locate activated charcoal, egg whites, or milk in case the medical advisor recommends administering one of them.  If advice from a physician is not readily available and the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give the victim a glass of activated charcoal slurry in water or, if this is not available, a glass of milk, or beaten egg whites and IMMEDIATELY transport victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, assure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.  Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.    Water spill:  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Solid streams of water may be ineffective.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A liquid containing over 50% phenol.  See Phenol (solid). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irriation; anorexia, weight loss, weakness, muscle aches, pain; dark urine; cyanosis; liver, kidney damage; skin burns, dermatitis; ochronosis; tremors, convulsions, twitching

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; acute and chronic systemic toxicity

Synonyms:
Carbolic acid, Hydroxybenzene, Monohydroxybenzene, Phenyl alcohol, Phenyl hydroxide

Physical Description:
Colorless to light-pink, crystalline solid with a sweet, acrid odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Phenol liquefies by mixing with about 8% water.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; anor, low-wgt; weak, musc ache, pain; dark urine; cyan; liver, kidney damage; skin burns; derm; ochronosis; tremor, convuls, twitch


TLV NOTES:
RESPIRABLE FRACTION; CONTAINING NO ASBESTOS AND <1% CRYSTALLINE SILICA

REL NOTES:
RESPIRABLE FRACTION; 10 mg/m3 TOTAL DUST

Symptoms:
chronic pulmonary fibrosis, stomach granuloma

Health Effects:
nuisance particulates accumulation in lungs (kaolinosis)

Synonyms:
China clay, Clay, Hydrated aluminum silicate, Hydrite, Porcelain clay

Notes 2:
[Note: When moistened, darkens & develops a clay-like odor.]


Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat, lung irritation; pulmonary edema

Health Effects:
lung edema; irritation-eyes, nose, throat, lungs---marked

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat, resp sys; pulm edema


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Clear colorless liquid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -94.4¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  10 mm Hg at 66.7¦ F; 20 mm Hg at 89.8¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.5406 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  266.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  167.85 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Transport the victim IMMEDIATELY to a hospital. OTHER:  Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION.  Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should protect this chemical from exposure to light.  Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store under refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to air, moisture and light.  Solutions of this chemical in anhydrous DMSO, ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong bases.  It is also incompatible with dinitrogen tetraoxide, 2,4-dinitrophenyl disulfide, potassium, potassium hydroxide, nitrogen tetraoxide, sodium and sodium potassium alloy.  It may react with chemically active metals, strong caustics, hot iron, aluminum and zinc in presence of steam.  It may also react with mixtures of dinitrogen tetraoxide with halocarbons. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin; weakness, restlessness, irregular/irregularities respiration, muscle incoordination; in animals: liver changes

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, central nervous system, liver

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; weak, restless, irreg respiration, musc inco; in animals: liver changes


General Desc:
2,4-Toluenediamine is a colorless crystalline solid dissolved in a liquid carrier.  It is toxic by ingestion and inhalation, and an irritant to skin and eyes.  It is soluble in water, alcohol and ether.  When heated to high temperatures it may decompose and emit toxic oxides of nitrogen.  It is used in making dyes. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  300¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  210¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 223.7¦ F; 10 mm Hg at 305.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.045 at 212¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  558¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  122.17 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  1-5 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to air and moisture.  It is sensitive to temperatures greater than 104 F.  It is also sensitive to prolonged exposure to light.  This compound readily becomes oxidized in neutral or alkaline solutions to form a dark product.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound may react with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, strong oxidizing agents and chloroformates.  It is also incompatible with isocyanates. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; dermatitis; ataxia, tachycardia, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, respiratory depressant/depression; methemoglobinemia, cyanosis, headache, fatigue, dizziness, bluish skin; liver injury; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, blood, cardiovascular system, liver

Synonyms:
Diaminotoluene, Methylphenylene diamine, TDA, Toluenediamine isomers, Tolylenediamine

Physical Description:
[Note: Tends to darken on storage & exposure to air. Properties given are for

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; derm; ataxia, tacar, nau, vomit, convuls, resp depres; methemo, cyan, head, ftg, dizz, bluish skin; liver inj; [carc]


General Desc:
Dioxolane is a clear colorless, water-white liquid.  It has a flash point of 35 deg. F.  It is slightly heavier than water and is soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  35¦ F (unspc) (¬ AAR, 1999)

First Aid:
Move victim to fresh air.  Call emergency medical care.  Apply artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.  Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.  In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes.  Wash skin with soap and water.  Keep victim warm and quiet.  Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. (DOT, 1996)


General Desc:
Colorless, transparent crystals or white crystalline powder; odorless.

This material (and its salts) is used for destroying rodents and predatory animals and for trapping fur-bearing animals. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  Material may burn but does not ignite readily. (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  Material may burn but does not ignite readily. (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  514 to 554¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  Low (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.36 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  518¦ F at 5 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  334.4 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  3 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.15 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.02% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Strychnine may induce convulsions within 15 to 60 minutes following exposure.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Strychnine Exposure: Respiratory paralysis and arrest are likely to occur following severe exposure to strychnine.  Signs and symptoms of acute exposure generally involve excitation of all portions of the central nervous system.  Convulsions, bilateral horizontal nystagmus (rapid, synchronous, horizontal oscillations of the eyeballs), agitation, restlessness, apprehension, and abrupt, jerking movements of the extremities may occur.  Victims may also experience stiffness, painful muscle cramping (especially in the legs), and opisthotonos (spasm in which the spine and extremities are bent with convexity forward, the body resting on the Headache and heels).  Vomiting and renal failure, as well as cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membranes) and rhabdomyolysis (destruction of skeletal muscle), may be found. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to strychnine may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to strychnine. Warning: Any unnecessary sensory input may induce seizures.  Isolate the victims from any avoidable distractions. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to strychnine. Warning: Any unnecessary sensory input may induce seizures.  Isolate the victims from any avoidable distractions. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 4.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 5.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 6.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. Warning: Any unnecessary sensory input may induce seizures.  Isolate the victims from any avoidable distractions. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize. 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administereing a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do so without risk. Small spills: absorb with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. Small dry spills: with clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover; move containers from spill area. Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal.Avoid breathing dusts, and fumes from burning materials. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the material. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire; material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty. Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Use alcohol foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical. (EPA, 1998)

Symptoms:
stiff neck, facial muscles; restlessness, apprehension, increased acuity of perception; increased reflex excitability; cyanosis; tetanic convulsions with opisthotonos

Health Effects:
acute systemic toxicity, central nervous system (convulsion and paralysis);

Exposure Symptoms:
Stiff neck, facial musc; restless, appre, incr acuity of perception; incr reflex excitability; cyan; tetanic convuls with opisthotonos


Symptoms:
symptoms vary depending upon the specific component of the welding fumes; metal fume fever: flu-like symptoms, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), cough, muscle pain, fever, chills; interstitial pneumonia; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Synonyms:
Synonyms vary depending upon the specific component of the welding fumes.

Exposure Symptoms:
Symptoms vary depending upon the specific component of the welding fumes; metal fume fever: flu-like symptoms, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), cough, muscle pain, fever, chills; interstitial pneumonia; [Potential occupational carcinogen]

87-88 TLV Notes:
B2-adequate if no toxic elements are present


Symptoms:
in animals: irritation eyes, skin, muc memb; dermatitis, skin sensitization; chemical pneumonia (aspir liquid); liver, kidney, spleen injury

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate; cumulative liver and kidney damage

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, spleen

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; derm, skin sens; chemical pneu (aspir liquid); liver, kidney, spleen inj


Reactivity:
(Dinitrogen tetraoxide + acetonitrile), mercury(II) bromide (at 662F), sulfur (mixtures ignite when heated)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; possible liver, kidney, heart, blood effects; pulmonary edema

Health Effects:
cumulative lung damage; cumulative organ damage; suspect teratogen

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, heart, blood

Physical Description:
Ductile, shiny, silver-white metal that is softer than lead.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; possible liver, kidney, heart, blood effects; pulm edema


REL NOTES:
AIR CONCENTRATIONS MAINTAINTED SO THAT WORKER BLOOD LEAD REMAINS BELOW 0.06 mg Pb/100 g WHOLE BLOOD

Symptoms:
weakness, lassitude; insomnia; facial pallor; eye irritation; anorexia, low-weight, malnutrition; constipation; abdominal pain; colic; hypotension, anemia; gingival lead line; tremors, paralysis of wrist, ankles; encephalopathy; neuropathy

Health Effects:
cumulative blood effects; cumulative neurologic effects; reproductive hazards

Target Organ:
eyes, gastrointestinal tract, central nervous system, kidneys, blood, gingival tissue

Exposure Symptoms:
Weak, lass, insom; facial pallor; anor, low-wgt, malnut; constip, abdom pain, colic; anemia; gingival lead line; tremor; para wrist, ankles; encephalopathy; kidney disease; irrit eyes; hypotension

86 REL Notes:
TWA = <0.1mg/m3; air level maintained so that worker blood level remains </= to 60mg/100g


Reactivity:
Acids, alum, ammonium salts, mercury & hydrogen, fluorine, magnesium

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; cough

Health Effects:
nuisance particulates accumulation in lungs

Physical Description:
White, odorless powder or colorless crystals.


General Desc:
p-Toluidine is a white colored liquid with a flash point of 190 deg. F.  It weighs about 9 lbs./gal.  It is very slightly soluble in water.  Its vapor is heavier than air.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material.  Avoid direct skin contact because it can be absorbed through the skin.  It is used in dyes, and in organic chemical manufacturing. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  188¦ F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.1 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  6.6 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  899¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  112.1¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm at 108¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.08 approx. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Boiling Point:  393¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  107.2 (USCG, 1999)

TLV TWA:  2 ppm  Suspected human carcinogen.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.7% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.  Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water.  If this chemical penetrates the clothing immediately remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly.  Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible.  Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless, low-melting solid (m. p. 44 C), toxic, combustible, carcinogenic. Can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen. Hypergolic reaction with red fuming nitric acid [Kit and Evered, 1960, p. 239, 242]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION (LOQ 0.15 ppm)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin; dermatitis; hematuria (blood in the urine), methemoglobinemia; cyanosis, nausea, vomiting, low blood pressure, convulsions; anem, weakness; potential occupational carcinogen

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, blood, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
4-Aminotoluene, 4-Methylaniline, 4-Methylbenzenamine, 4-Toluidine, Tolylamine

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; derm; hema, methemo; cyan, nau, vomit, low BP, convuls; anem, weak; [carc]


General Desc:
p-Phenylenediamine is a white to purple crystalline solid that turns purple to black in air.  The crystals are soluble in water with a flash point less than 200 deg. F.  It is used as a laboratory reagent, in photographic developing, and as a dye for hair and furs. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  311¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  284¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.72 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  513¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  108.15 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  25 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 mg/m3  Skin (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(75¦F): 4% (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  Oxidizes on exposure to air.REACTIVITY:  Can react with oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
pharyngeal, laryngeal irritation; bronchial asthma; sensitization dermatitis

Health Effects:
respiratory sensitization (asthma); skin irritant, sensitizer

Synonyms:
4-Aminoaniline; 1,4-Benzenediamine; p-Diaminobenzene; 1,4-Diaminobenzene; 1,4-Phenylene diamine

Physical Description:
White to slightly red, crystalline solid.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit pharynx, larynx; bronchial asthma; sens derm


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Brownish-yellow crystals; sandy brown solid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  216-219¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  493-496¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  108.15 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should keep this material in a tightly closed container under an inert atmosphere, protect it from light, and store it at refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, car bon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound darkens on exposure to air.  It is also sensitive to light.  Solutions of this chemical should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions. (NTP, 1992)


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Liquid Odor: Strong acid odor

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Liquid sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  180¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  3.2% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  12.6% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  579¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  5.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  2 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 4 mm Hg at 86¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  5.08 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.3889 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  313¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  147.43 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  100 ppm; Not applicable for 1,2,3-Trichloropropane, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  1-5 mg/mL at 75¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION.  Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should protect this material from exposure to light, and store it under ambient temperatures.  Keep it away from oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water; foam; carbon dioxide; dry chemical (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to prolonged exposure to light.  It is also sensitive to heat.REACTIVITY:  This chemical may react with active metals, strong caustics and oxidizers.  It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye, throat irritation; central nervous system depression; liver injury; skin irritation; (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; cumulative liver damage; mutagen; narcosis

Synonyms:
Allyl trichloride, Glycerol trichlorohydrin, Glyceryl trichlorohydrin, Trichlorohydrin

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; CNS depres; in animals: liver, kidney inj; [carc]


General Desc:
Asbestos is a slender, fine, flaxy fiber.  Long term occupational exposure to the dust can result in lung cancer.  Asbestos is resistant to fire and most solvents.  The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  It is used as a heat resistant material, in cement, furnace bricks, and brake

Properties:
Melting Point:  1112¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  Varies (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 f/cc, Confirmed human carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.  Breathing: If a person breaths large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. Other measures are usually unnecessary. (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.    Land spill:  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel. ( AAR, 1999)

TLV NOTES:
TWA = 0.1 f/cc, RESPIRABLE FIBERS: LENGTH > 5u; ASPECT RATIO >/= 3:1

PEL NOTES:
TWA = 0.1 f/cc, STEL = 1 f/cc (30 MINUTES); SEE 29 CFR 1910.1001

REL NOTES:
TWA = 0.1 f/cc AS DETERMINED BY A 400-LITER AIR SAMPLE COLLECTED OVER 100 MINUTES (NIOSH ANALYTICAL METHOD #7400); CARCINOGEN (Ca) SEE 29 CFR 1910.1001

Carcinogen:
IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-K, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A1, EPA-A

Symptoms:
dyspnea; interstitial fibrosis; restricted pulmonary functioning; finger clubbing; (carcinogenic)

Physical Description:
White or greenish fibrous, odorless solid

Exposure Symptoms:
Asbestosis (chronic exposure): dysp, interstitial fib, restricted pulm function, finger clubbing; irrit eyes; [carc]

86 REL Notes:
TWA = 100,000 f/m3 over 5um in length (400-liter air sample); Carcinogen


General Desc:
Alcohols, n.o.s.  are clear colorless liquids.  They are generally lighter than and slightly soluble in water.  The flash point is between 100 and 200 deg. F.  If available, obtain the technical name of the material from the shipping papers and contact CHEMTREC, 800-424-9300 for specific response information. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  100-200¦ F (unspc) (¬ AAR, 1999)

First Aid:
Move victim to fresh air; call emergency medical care.  If not breathing, give artificial respiration.  If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.  In case of contact with material, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes at the site. ( AAR, 1999)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.  Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.  Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill.  Apply approriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.    Water spill:  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:   Acetyl chloride react violently with ethyl alcohol or water (Rose 1961). Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water (Merck 11th ed. 1989).  Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid (Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73. 1967; J, Org. Chem. 28:1893. 1963).  Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites (NFPA 491 M. 1991). Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence (Wischmeyer 1969). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose; headache, drowsiness, fatigue, narcosis; cough; liver damage; anemia; reproductive, teratogenic effects

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; narcosis; reproductive impairment

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, blood, reproductive system

Synonyms:
Alcohol, Cologne spirit, Ethanol, EtOH, Grain alcohol

Physical Description:
Clear, colorless liquid with a weak, ethereal, vinous odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose; head, drow, ftg, narco; cough; liver damage; anemia; repro, terato effects


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Watery liquid

Odor: Sweet odor

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Floats on water.  Flammable, irritating vapor is produced. Freezing point is 56ºF. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  81.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.1 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.0 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  984¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  55.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  10 mm Hg at 81.1¦ F. (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.66 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.8611 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  280.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  106.17 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  900 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  150 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffective.Fire Extinguishing Agents: Foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  Stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  May react with oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; dizziness, excitement, drowsiness, incoordination, staggering gait; corneal vacuolization; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain; dermatitis

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, blood, liver, kidneys

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; dizz, excitement, drow, inco, staggering gait; corn vacuolization; anor, nau, vomit, abdom pain; derm


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Solid

Odor: Tarlike odor

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Sinks and mixes slowly with water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  187¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.06% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  1.4% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1038¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  94.6¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.04 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 0.11 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.72 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.0341 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  395.2¦ F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  108.14 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  250 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should protect this chemical from exposure to light.  Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store under refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may cause frothing.Fire Extinguishing Agents: CO 2 , dry chemical, foam, water spray or fog. (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to heat.  It is also sensitive to light.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizers and strong alkalies.  It will attack some forms of plastics, coatings and rubber. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, muc memb; central nervous system effects: confusion, depressant/depression, respiratory failure; dyspnea (breathing difficulty), irregular/irregularities rapid respiratory, weakness pulse; eye, skin burns; dermatitis; lung, liver, kidney, pancreas damage

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys, pancreas, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
para-Cresol, 4-Cresol, p-Cresylic acid, 1-Hydroxy-4-methylbenzene, 4-Hydroxytoluene, 4-Methyl phenol

Physical Description:
Crystalline solid with a sweet, tarry odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; CNS effects: conf, depres, resp fail; dysp, irreg rapid resp, weak pulse; eye, skin burns; derm; lung, liver, kidney, pancreas damage


General Desc:
Dichlorobenzene, para, is a white colored liquid having the odor of moth balls.  It is heavier than water and insoluble in water.  It has a flash point of less than 200 deg. F.  It is used as a moth repellent, to make other chemicals, as a fumigant, and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  150¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.5% (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  127¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.6 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 1.8 mm Hg at 86¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  5.08 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.2475 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  345¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  147.00 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  150 ppm; Not applicable for p-Dichlorobenzene, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm, Animal carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 73¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with oxidizing agents.  It is also incompatible with aluminum and its alloys.  It liquifies when mixed with camphor, phenol and salol.  It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. (NTP, 1992)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION (LOQ 1.7 ppm)

Symptoms:
headaches; eye irritation, periorbital swelling; profuse rhinitis; anorexia, nausea, vomiting; low-weight; jaundice, cirrhosis [potential occupational carcinogen].  in animals:  liver, kidney damage

Health Effects:
cumulative systemic toxicity;cataracts (limited evidence)

Target Organ:
liver, respiratory system, eyes, kidneys, skin

Physical Description:
Colorless or white crystalline solid with a mothball-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Eye irrit, swell periorb; profuse rhinitis; head, anor, nau, vomit; low-wgt, jaun, cirr; in animals: liver, kidney inj; [carc]


General Desc:
White, crystalline solid or a colorless liquid (above 86ºF). [Note: Releases a foul odor as it melts.] (NIOSH, 1997)

Properties:
Melting Point:  86¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.39 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  122.2 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  10% (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; potential occupational carcinogen

Synonyms:
3-Hydroxy-1-propanesulphonic acid sultone; 1,3-Propane sultone

Physical Description:
White, crystalline solid or a colorless liquid (above 86ºF).

Notes 2:
[Note: Releases a foul odor as it melts.]


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Colorless crystals. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  428¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  122-124¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 380.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.2055 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  473¦ F at 11 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  326.30 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  1000 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, administer a slurry of activated charcoal in water and simultaneously call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with alcohol, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with alcohol to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminate area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
This compound is not very flammable but any fire involving this compound may produce dangerous vapors.  You should evacuate the area.  All firefighters should wear full-body protective clothing and use self-contained breathing apparatuses.  You should extinguish any fires involving this chemical with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, or halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
minor changes in blood enzymes; in animals: muscle weakness, paralysis

Synonyms:
Phenyl phosphate, TPP, Triphenyl ester of phosphoric acid

Physical Description:
Colorless, crystalline powder with a phenol-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Minor changes in blood enzymes; in animals: musc weak, para


General Desc:
Oily yellow liquid, brown liquid.

This material is used as an insecticide, nematocide and mosquito larvicide. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Specific Gravity:  1.20 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  280 to 286¦ F at 0.01 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  308.35 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  0.1 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(77¦F): 0.2% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed up to 12 hours.  Caution is advised. Note: Fensulfothion is a cholinesterase inhibitor. Signs and Symptoms of Fensulfothion Exposure: Acute exposure to fensulfothion may produce the following signs and symptoms: sweating, pinpoint pupils, blurred vision, headache, dizziness, profound weakness, muscle spasms, seizures, and coma.  Mental confusion and psychosis may occur.  Excessive salivation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain may also occur.  The heart rate may decrease following oral exposure or increase following dermal exposure.  Chest pain may be noted.  Hypotension (low blood pressure) may be observed, although hypertension (high blood pressure) is not uncommon.  Respiratory symptoms include dyspnea (shortness of breath), pulmonary edema, respiratory depression, and respiratory paralysis. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to fensulfothion exposure may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to fensulfothion. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Rush to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to fensulfothion. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas three times with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of fensulfothion is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of fensulfothion may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3- 1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
(Non-Specific -- Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, n.o.s.) Keep unnecessary people away; stay upwind. Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if possible. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Take up with noncombustible absorbent material. For large spills, dike far ahead of spill. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
(Non-Specific -- Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, n.o.s.) Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Move container from fire area. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.Extinguish with dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Alkalis (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
irritation skin; nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, salivation; headache, giddiness, vertigo (an illusion of movement), weakness; rhinorrhea (discharge of thin nasal mucus), chest tightness; blurred vision, miosis; cardiac irregular/irregularities; muscle fasiculation; dyspnea (breathing difficulty)

Health Effects:
nervous system disturbances---cholinesterase inhibition; LD50 (oral, rat) 5 mg/kg

Target Organ:
skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, blood cholinesterase

Synonyms:
Dasanit®; O,O-Diethyl O-(p-methylsulfinyl)phenyl)phosphorothioate; Terracur P®

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit skin; nau, vomit, abdom cramps, diarr, salv; head, gidd, verti, weak; rhin, chest tight; blurred vision, miosis; card irreg; musc fasc; dysp


General Desc:
Pale-yellow to brown liquid with a weak, aromatic, amine-like odor. (NIOSH, 1997)

Properties:
Flash Point:  206¦ F (cc) (NIOSH, 1997)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.0 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Melting Point:  -33¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.98 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  415-439 (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  121.2 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  50 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.5 ppm  Suspected human carcinogen.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slight (NIOSH, 1997)

Firefighting:
SMALL FIRES:  Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray.  LARGE FIRES:  Dry chemical, CO2, alcohol-resistant foam or water spray.  Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.  Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.  FIRE INVOLVING TANKS OR CAR/TRAILER LOADS:  Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.  Do not get water inside containers.  Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.  Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.  ALWAYS stay away from the ends of tanks. (DOT, 1996)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Strong oxidizers, hypochlorite salts (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV NOTES:
BEI; SKIN, VAPOR AND AEROSOL;MEASURED AS INHALABLE FRACTION AND VAPOR

Symptoms:
anoxia, cyanosis; methemoglobinemia; lung, liver, kidney damage

Target Organ:
respiratory system, blood, liver, kidneys, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
Aminodimethylbenzene, Aminoxylene, Dimethylaminobenzene, Dimethylaniline, Xylidine isomers (e.g., 2,4-Dimethylaniline)

Physical Description:
Pale-yellow to brown liquid with a weak, aromatic, amine-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Anoxia, cyan, methemo; lung, liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Solid

Odor: Odorless

Color: White

Characteristics in Water: Sinks and mixes slowly with water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Specific Gravity: 1.73 (NIOSH, 1997) Water Solubility: 6% (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep combustibles (wood, paper, oil, etc.) away from spilled material.  Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.  Stop leak if you can do it without risk.  Do not get water inside containers.  SMALL DRY SPILLS:  With clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover loosely; move containers from spill area.  SMALL LIQUID SPILLS:  Use a non-combustible material like vermiculite, sand or earth to soak up the product and place into a container for later disposal.  LARGE SPILLS:  Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later disposal.  Following product recovery, flush area with water. (DOT, 1996)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Zirconium, strong acids, metallic salts (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV NOTES:
MEASURED AS INHALABLE FRACTION AND VAPOR

Synonyms:
Anhydrous borax, Borax dehydrated, Disodium salt of boric acid, Disodium tetrabromate, Fused borax, Sodium borate (anhydrous), Sodium tetraborate

Notes 2:
[herbicide] [Note: Becomes opaque on exposure to air.]


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  White crystals; white powder.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Sublimes undecomposed at reduced pressure.  Bitter taste.  Odorless.  pH (10% solution): 6.5-7.5. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  318¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.000000441 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.138 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  84.08 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 63.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material.  Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should keep this material in a tightly closed container under an inert atmosphere, and store it at refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fires involving this chemical can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher.  A water spray may also be used. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to moisture.REACTIVITY:  This compound forms chelates with some metals.  It is corrosive to iron, copper and aluminum.  Forms salts with most acids and alkalies.  This compound is incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin; dyspnea (breathing difficulty), muscle spasms, ataxia, anorexia, salivation, increase(d) body temperature; lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), skin dryness, depressant/depression (thyroid function suppression)

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; dysp, musc spasms, ataxia, anor, salv, incr body temperature; lass, skin dryness, depres (thyroid func suppression)


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Solid

Odor: Odorless

Color: White

Characteristics in Water: Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  0.045 g/L (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  320-367¦ F (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.587 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  342.30 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  10 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  If symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop, immediately transport the victim to a hospital. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material.  Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this material under ambient temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  It absorbs insignificant amounts of moisture at 77 F and relative humidities up to approximately 85%, but under damper conditions it absorbs substantial amounts.  Finely divided, it absorbs up to 1% moisture which is given up on heating to 194 F.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is hydrolyzed by dilute acids and by invertase (a yeast enzyme). (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; cough

Synonyms:
Beet sugar, Cane sugar, Confectioner's sugar, Granulated sugar, Rock candy, Saccarose, Sugar, Table sugar

Physical Description:
Hard, white, odorless crystals, lumps, or powder.

Notes 2:
[Note: May have a characteristic, caramel odor when heated.]


General Desc:
Acetone cyanohydrin is a colorless liquid.  It has a flash point of 165 deg. F.  It slowly dissociates to acetone, a flammable liquid, and hydrogen cyanide, a flammable poisonous gas, under normal storage and transportation conditions.  The rate of dissociation is increased by contact with alkalis and/or heat.  It is lethal by inhalation and less readily by skin absorption.  It is lighter than water and soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material.  It weighs 7.8 lbs./gal. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  165¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.2 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  12 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1270¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -2.2¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.8 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  2.93 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.9267 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  180¦ F at 23 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  85.1 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  4.7 ppm. Ceiling limit, skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects, including skin reactions, may be delayed. Caution is advised.  Vital signs should be monitored closely. Heart palpitation may begin within minutes after exposure. Note: Acetone cyanohydrin is very readily absorbed through the skin. Signs and Symptoms of Acetone Cyanohydrin Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to acetone cyanohydrin may include hypertension (high blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate), followed by hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (slow heart rate).  Cherry-red mucous membranes and blood, cardiac arrhythmias, and other cardiac abnormalities are common.  Cyanosis (blue tint to the skin and mucous membranes) is not a consistent finding.  Tachypnea (rapid respiratory rate) may be followed by respiratory depression.  Lung hemorrhage and pulmonary edema may also occur. Headache, vertigo (dizziness), agitation, and giddiness may be followed by combative behavior, convulsions, paralysis, protruding eyeballs, dilated and unreactive pupils, and coma.  Acetone cyanohydrin is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. Lacrimation (tearing) and a burning sensation of the mouth and throat are common.  Excessive salivation, nausea, and vomiting may also occur. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to acetone cyanohydrin may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid  self-exposure to acetone cyanohydrin 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth  breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact  with acetone cyanohydrin-contaminated persons or their  gastric contents may result in self-poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should  avoid self-exposure to acetone cyanohydrin. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma. If no pulse is detected, provide CPR. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth  breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact  with acetone cyanohydrin-contaminated persons or their  gastric contents may result in self-poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 5.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with  lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 6.  Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth  breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact  with acetone cyanohydrin contaminated persons or their  gastric contents may result in self-poisoning. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are  conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for  children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with  125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old,  125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL  (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or  milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use surface active agent (e.g.  detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by epa.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7).  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Wear air-supplied mask with canister approved for use with acrylonitrile in less than 2 percent concentration, rubber or plastic gloves, cover goggles or face mask, rubber boots, slicker suit, safety helmet.Water may cause frothing if it gets below surface of liquid and turns to steam. Water fog gently applied to surface will cause frothing which will extinguish fire. Use water spray, dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide. Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool, from a safe distance. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Readily decomposes on contact with water to form acetone and deadly hydrocyanic acid.CHEMICAL PROFILE:  On contact with water, acids or when exposed to heat it readily decomposes to acetone and deadly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas. It should be kept cool and slightly acidic (pH 4-5) [Sax, 2nd ed., 1965, p. 388]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; dizziness, weakness, headache, confusion, convulsions; liver, kidney injury; pulmonary edema, asphyxia

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract

Synonyms:
Cyanohydrin-2-propanone, 2-Cyano-2-propanol, à-Hydroxyisobutyronitrile, 2-Hydroxy-2-methyl-propionitrile, 2-Methyllactonitrile

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a faint odor of bitter almond.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; dizz, weak, head, conf, convuls; liver, kidney inj; pulm edema, asphy


General Desc:
White or off-white crystals or powder. Sinks and mixes with water.

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.

INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

OTHER:  Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure.

Nonfire Spill Response:
Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Neutralize with six normal hydrochloric acid.

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Small fires: dry chemical, CO 2 , water spray or foam; large fires: water spray, fog or foam.

Reactivity:
Water soluble.
THIOUREA is a white crystalline material or powder, toxic, carcinogenic. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur and oxides of nitrogen. Violent exothermic polymerization reaction with acrylaldehyde (acrolein) [MCA SD-85, 1961], violent decomposition of the reaction product with hydrogen peroxide and nitric acid, spontaneous explosion upon grinding with potassium chlorate.

Symptoms:
Skin rednrss or irritation. Wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath.

Health Effects:
Poisonous inhaled or swallowed. Irritating to skin; may cause allergic skin eruptions.


General Desc:
Trichlorfon is a white crystalline solid.  It is a wettable powder.  It can cause illness by inhalation, skin absorption and/or ingestion.  It is used as a pesticide.

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.

SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas.

INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.

INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, administer a slurry of activated charcoal in water and simultaneously call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)

Reactivity:
This chemical decomposes at higher temperatures in water and at pH <5.5.  It is sensitive to prolonged exposure to moisture.   It is unstable in alkaline solutions.
TRICHLORFON is incompatible with alkalis.  It is corrosive to black iron and mild steel.  It is corrosive to metals.  It is subject to hydrolysis.

TLV NOTES:
BEI, MEASURED AS INHALABLE FRACTION OF THE AEROSOL (I)

Symptoms:
INHALATION, INGESTION, AND SKIN ABSORPTION. Inhibits cholinesterase.  Headache, depressed appetite, nausea, miosis are symptoms of light exposures.  Moderate effects are peritoneal paralysis, diarrhea, salivation, lacrimation, sweating, dyspnea, substernal tightness, slow pulse, tremors, muscular cramps and ataxia.  Severe symptoms are:  pyrexia, cyanosis, pulmonary edema, areflexia, loss of sphincter control, paralysis, coma, heart block, shock and respiratory failure.  EYES:  Increases permeability of blood vessels in anterior eye.  Reduces corneal sensitivity with glaucoma, abnormalities in intraocular tension or decreased visual acuity.

Synonyms:
PHOSPHONIC ACID, (2,2,2-TRICHLORO-1-HYDROXYETHYL)-,DIMETHYL ESTER
TRICHLORFON


General Desc:
Dichlorofluoromethane is a colorless, odorless gas.  It is shipped as a liquid under its own vapor pressure.  Contact with the liquid may cause frostbite to unprotected skin.  It can asphyxiate by displacement of air.  Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire may cause it to rupture violently and rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  1022¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -211¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  2217.93 mm (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity, Liquid:  1.48 at 68.0¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Boiling Point:  48¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  102.92 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  5000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(86¦F): 0.7% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If eye tissue is frozen, seek medical attention immediately.  If tissue is not frozen, immediately and thoroughly flush the eyes with large amounts of water for at least 15  minutes, occasionally lifting the lower and upper eyelids.  If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or Photophobia (abnormal visual intolerance to light) phobia persist, get medical attention as soon as possible.  Skin: If frostbite has occurred, seek medical attention immediately; do NOT rub the affected areas or flush with water. In order to prevent further tissue damage, do NOT attempt to remove frozen clothing from frostbitten areas.  If frostbite has NOT occurred, immediately and thoroughly wash contaminated skin with soap and water. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Chemically-active metals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, powdered aluminum, zinc & magnesium; acid; acid fumes (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
asphyxia, cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest; liquid: frostbite

Synonyms:
Dichlorofluoromethane, Fluorodichloromethane, Freon®21, Genetron®21, Halon®112, Refrigerant 21

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a slight, ether-like odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: A liquid below 48ºF. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Asphy, card arrhy, card arrest; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Clear colorless liquid.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Sets to glass at -67º F.  Faint olefinic odor. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  230¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  < -67¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.1 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  4.07 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.0986 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  441¦ F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  140.20 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  50-100 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and protect it from moisture. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is slowly hydrolyzed in water.REACTIVITY:  This chemical reacts with active hydrogen compounds (such as alcohols and amines). (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
in animals: irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; testicular atrophy; leukopenia (reduced blood leukocytes), necrosis thymus; skin sensitization [potential occupational carcinogen]

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; mutagen; chronic (cumulative) toxicity-suspect carcinogen or mutagen

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, blood, thymus, reproductive system; in animals: skin tumors

Synonyms:
1-Epoxyethyl-3,4-epoxy-cyclohexane; 4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide; 4-Vinyl-1-cyclohexene dioxide

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; testicular atrophy; leupen, nec thymus; skin sens; [carc]


General Desc:
Colorless oil, pale yellow mobile liquid, garlic odor.

This material is used as an insecticide; acaricide, mitocide. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Flash Point:  Not combustible (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.00017 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.196 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  277 to 282¦ F at 2 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  322.32 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  10 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.2 mg/m3  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed up to 12 hours.  Caution is advised. Note: Sulfotep is a cholinesterase inhibitor.  Signs and Symptoms of Sulfotep Exposure: Acute exposure to sulfotep may produce the following signs and symptoms: sweating, pinpoint pupils, blurred vision, headache, dizziness, profound weakness, muscle spasms, seizures, and coma.  Mental confusion and psychosis may occur.  Excessive salivation, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain may also occur.  The heart rate may decrease following oral exposure or increase following dermal exposure.  Chest pain may be noted.  Hypotension (low blood pressure) may be observed, although hypertension (high blood pressure) is not uncommon.  Respiratory signs include dyspnea (shortness of breath), pulmonary edema, respiratory depression, and respiratory paralysis.  Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to sulfotep may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.  Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sulfotep.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.  3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  4.  RUSH to a health care facility! Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sulfotep.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.  3.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.  5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water.  6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  7.  RUSH to a health care facility! Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of sulfotep is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.  Warning: Ingestion of sulfotep may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4.  The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.  5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  RUSH to a health care facility! (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
(Non-Specific -- Organophosphate Pesticide) Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing at the site. Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Small spills: take up with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
(Non-Specific -- Organophosphorus Pesticide, n.o.s.) Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing.(Non-Specific -- Organophosphorus Pesticide, n.o.s.) For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or foam. Fight fire from maximum distance. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound is corrosive to iron. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye pain, blurred vision, lacrimation, rhinorrhea; headaches; cyanosis; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; localized sweating; weakness, twitching, paralysis; cheyne-stokes respiration; convulsions; low blood pressure; cardiac irregularities; eye, skin irr

Synonyms:
Bladafum®, Dithion®, Sulfotep, Tetraethyl dithionopyrophosphate, Tetraethyl dithiopyrophosphate, Thiotepp®

Physical Description:
Pale-yellow liquid with a garlic-like odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: A pesticide that may be absorbed on a solid carrier or mixed in a more flammable liquid.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; eye pain, blurred vision, lac; rhin; head; cyan; anor, nau, vomit, diarr; local sweat, weak, twitch, para, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, convuls, low BP, card irreg


General Desc:
Calcium cyanide is a white crystalline powder or crystalline solid.  It is slowly decomposed by water to give off hydrogen cyanide, a flammable poison gas.  Contact with acids will cause rapid evolution of hydrogen cyanide.  It is toxic by skin absorption through open wounds, by ingestion, and by inhalation of hydrogen cyanide from the decomposition of the material. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  Decomposes > 662¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity, Solid:  1.853 at 68.0¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  92.19 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  5 mg/m3  For Cyanide  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs.  However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested.  Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Do not use water on material itself.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.    Water spill:  Add dilute caustic soda (NaOH).  Add calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2).  Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7). ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  Do not use water on material itself.  If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Releases very poisonous hydrogon cyanide gas on contact with water or moist air. Release is more rapid if acid is present.CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Member of this class that contain heavy metals tend to explosive instability, most of them are capable of violent oxidation under certain condition; fusion of metal cyanides with metal chlorates, perchlorates, nitrates or nitrites can cause violent explosion (Bretherick 1979 p. 101). (REACTIVITY, 1999)


General Desc:
1-Hexene is a clear colorless liquid with a petroleum like odor.  It has a flash point of -9 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It is used as a solvent, paint thinner, and chemical reaction medium. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -15¦ F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  LEL (est.) = 1.2% (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  UEL not listed (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  521¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -219.6¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity, Liquid:  0.673 at 68.0¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Boiling Point:  146.3¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  84.16 (USCG, 1999)

First Aid:
SKIN OR EYES:  wash exposed skin areas with soap and water; thoroughly flush eyes with water to remove any splashes; launder contaminated clothing before reuse. (USCG, 1999)


General Desc:
Trichloroacetic acid, solid is a colorless crystalline solid.  It absorbs moisture from air and forms a syrup.  It is soluble in water with release of heat.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  >230¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  135-136¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 123.8¦ F; 5 mm Hg at 168.8¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  5.6 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.62 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  385-387¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  163.39 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Strong acid; when heated, in the presence of water, decomposes forming phosgene and HCl.  (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980 p. 915) (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, respiratory system; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), delayed pulmonary edema; eye, skin burns; dermatitis; salivation, vomiting, diarrhea

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract

Physical Description:
Colorless to white, crystalline solid with a sharp, pungent odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat, resp sys; cough, dysp, delayed pulm edema; eye, skin burns; derm; salv, vomit, diarr


General Desc:
Chloropentafluoroethane is a colorless odorless gas with an ether-like odor.  It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure.  It is noncombustible.  It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air.  Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite.  Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire may cause it to rupture violently and rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -223¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  7.9 atm at 70¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  -38¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  154.5 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1000 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(77¦F): 0.006% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Alkalis, alkaline earth metals (e.g., aluminum powder, sodium, potassium, zinc) (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
dyspnea (breathing difficulty); dizziness, incoordination, narcosis; nausea, vomiting; heart palpitations, cardiac arrhythmias, asphyxia; liquid: frostbite, dermatitis

Target Organ:
skin, central nervous system, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
Fluorocarbon-115, Freon®115, Genetron®115, Halocarbon 115, Monochloropentafluoroethane

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a slight, ethereal odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Dysp; dizz, inco, narco; nau, vomit; heart palp, card arrhy, asphy; liquid: frostbite, derm


General Desc:
Nitroethane is a colorless, oily flammable liquid with a pleasant odor.  It has a flash point of 106 deg. F.  and it decomposes at above 350 deg. F.  The liquid weighs about the same as water and is soluble in water.  The vapors are much heavier than air and may be irritating to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are released during combustion of this material.  It is used as a propellant and as a solvent. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  106¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  3.4% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  778¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -130¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  21 mm at 77¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.0448 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  239¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  75.07 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  1000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slightly soluble (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  The nitroparaffins, nitromethane, nitropropane, etc. form salts with inorganic bases such as calcium hydroxide. The dry salts are explosive (Chem. Eng. News 30:2344. 1952). Nitroethane and other nitro compounds are mild oxidizers and should not be heated with easily oxidizable hydrocarbons under confinement (Chem. Eng. News 30:2344. 1940). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
dermatitis;  in animals:  lacrimation; dyspnea, pulmonary rales, edema; liver, kidney injury; narcosis

Target Organ:
skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, kidneys, liver

Physical Description:
Colorless, oily liquid with a mild, fruity odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Derm; in animals: lac; dysp, pulm rales, edema; liver, kidney inj; narco


Reactivity:
Amines; strong acids, alkalis & oxidizers; hydrocarbons & other combustible materials; metal oxides

Symptoms:
eye irritation; headaches; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Target Organ:
eyes, central nervous system, liver, kidneys

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a somewhat disagreeable odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes; head, nau, vomit, diarr; in animals: liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Yellow to tan, oily liquid.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Slight odor of garlic. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  43¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0.00003 mm Hg  at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.250 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  189¦ F at 0.01 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  278.34 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (<1 mg/mL at 72.5¦ F) (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fires involving this material can be cntrolled with a dry chemical.  carbon dioxide, foam or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is thermally stable to 410 F.  It is resistant to alkalis to pH 9. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, salivation; headache, giddiness, vertigo (an illusion of movement), weakness; rhinorrhea (discharge of thin nasal mucus), chest tightness; blurred vision, miosis; cardiac irregularities; muscle fasiculation; dyspnea (breathing difficulty)

Target Organ:
respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, plasma cholinesterase

Synonyms:
Baytex; Entex; O,O-Dimethyl O-3-methyl-4-methylthiophenyl phosphorothioate

Physical Description:
Colorless to brown liquid with a slight, garlic-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Nau, vomit, abdom cramps, diarr, salv; head, gidd, verti, weak; rhin, chest tight; blurred vision, miosis; card irregularities; musc fasc; dysp


General Desc:
Colorless to pale-yellow, viscous liquid or solid (below 56ºF). [Note: An explosive ingredient in dynamite (20-40%) with ethylene glycol dinitrate (80-60%).] (NIOSH, 1997)

Properties:
Melting Point:  56¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0003 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.60 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  122-140 (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  227.1 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  75 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  0.1% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Heat, ozone, shock, acids [Note: An OSHA Class A Explosive (1910.109).] (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
throbbing headache; dizziness; nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain; hypotension; flush; palpitations; methemoglobinemia; delirium, central nervous system depressant/depression; angina; skin irritation

Health Effects:
cumulative effect on blood pressure (lowering); central nervous system effects (headache)

Target Organ:
cardiovascular system, blood, skin, central nervous system

Synonyms:
Glyceryl trinitrate; NG; 1,2,3-Propanetriol trinitrate; Trinitroglycerine

Physical Description:
Colorless to pale-yellow, viscous liquid or solid (below 56ºF).

Notes 2:
[Note: An explosive ingredient in dynamite (20-40%) with ethylene glycol dinitrate (80-60%).]

Exposure Symptoms:
Throb head; dizz; nau, vomit, abdom pain; hypotension; flush; palp; methemo; delirium, CNS depres; angina; skin irrit


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Crystals; off-white flakes. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  440.6¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  329-336¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.000004 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  6.6 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.55 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  464-473¦ F at 14 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  192.13 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  If any of your laboratory personnel should inhale this chemical, remove them at once to open air and arrange for immediate transportation to a medical facility. INGESTION:  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs.  However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested.  Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and protect it from moisture.  STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fires involving this material should be controlled using a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to moisture.  Solutions in water or alcohol may be unstable.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids or strong bases. (NTP, 1992)

TLV NOTES:
INHALABLE FRACTION AND VAPOR (TWA AND STEL); SKIN; SENSITIZER

REL NOTES:
HANDLE IN THE WORKPLACE AS AN EXTREMELY TOXIC SUBSTANCE

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, respiratory system; pulmonary edema, respiratory sensitization; rhinitis, asthma, cough, wheezing, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), malaise (vague feeling of discomfort), fever, muscle aches, sneezing

Synonyms:
1,2,4-Benzenetricarboxylic anhydride; 4-Carboxyphthalic anhydride; TMA; TMAN; Trimellic acid anhydride

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, resp sys; pulm edema, resp sens; rhinitis, asthma, cough, wheez, dysp, mal, fever, musc aches, sneez

86 REL Notes:
should be handled in the workplace as an extremely toxic substance


Symptoms:
irritation respiratory system; nasal septum perforation; liver, kidney damage; leukocytosis (increased blood leukocytes), leukopenia (reduced lodd leukocytes), monocytosis (increased blood monocytes), eosinophilia; eye injury, conjuntivitis; skin ulcer, sensitization dermatitis; [potential occupational carcinogen]


PEL NOTES:
RESPIRABLE FRACTION, 15 mg/m3  TOTAL DUST

REL NOTES:
RESPIRABLE FRACTION, 10 mg/m3  TOTAL DUST

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; conjunctivitis; rhinitis, epistaxis (nosebleed)

Synonyms:
Anhydrous calcium sulfate, Anhydrous gypsum, Anhydrous sulfate of lime, Calcium salt of sulfuric acid

Physical Description:
Odorless, white powder or colorless, crystalline solid.

Notes 2:
[Note: May have blue, gray, or reddish tinge.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; conj; rhinitis, epis


General Desc:
Allyl glycidyl ether is a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.  It has a flash point of 135 deg. F.  and is slightly lighter than water.  It is poisonous by ingestion and mildly toxic by inhalation and skin contact.  It is also very irritating to skin and eyes.  It is used to make other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  135¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -148¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  3.6 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 5.8 mm Hg at 86¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.94 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.969 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  309¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  114.14 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  50 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  10 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 65.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Transport the victim IMMEDIATELY to a hospital. OTHER:  Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Solid streams of water may be ineffective.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Can form peroxides; reacts violently with oxidants; polymerizes readily  (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p.128) (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
dermatitis; eye, nose irritation; pulmonary irritation, edema; narcosis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, bronchi, skin---marked; LD50 (oral, rat) 922 mg/kg

Synonyms:
AGE; 1-Allyloxy-2,3-epoxypropane; Glycidyl allyl ether; [(2-Propenyloxy)methyl] oxirane

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, resp sys; derm; pulm edema; narco; possible hemato, repro effects


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Solid powder, or in solution

Odor: Weak odor

Color: White to gray

Characteristics in Water: Solid sinks in water; solution may float on water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  288¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  at 77¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.23 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  201.2 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  100 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.01% (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing.  Stop leak if you can do it without risk.  Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas.  Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading.  Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers.  DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (DOT, 1996)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Solution fires; Water, foam, dry chemical, CO 2 (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Strong oxidizers, strongly alkaline pesticides (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
miosis, blurred vision, tearing; nasal discharge; salivation; sweating; abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; tremors; cyanosis; convulsions; skin irritation

Health Effects:
cholinesterase inhibition; teratogen; LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg female

Target Organ:
respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, skin, blood cholinesterase, reproductive system

Synonyms:
alpha-Naphthyl N-methyl-carbamate, 1-Naphthyl N-Methyl-carbamate, Sevin®

Exposure Symptoms:
Miosis, blurred vision, tear; rhin, salv; sweat; abdom cramps, nau, vomit, diarr; tremor; cyan; convuls; irrit skin; possible repro effects


General Desc:
Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas.  Prolonged exposure to carbon monoxide rich atmospheres may be fatal.  It is easily ignited.  It is just lighter than air and a flame can flash back to the source of leak very easily.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may violently rupture and rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  12 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  75 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1,128¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -326¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  greater than 35 atm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity, Liquid:  0.791 at -312.7¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Boiling Point:  -312.7¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  28.0 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  1200 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  25 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  200 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  350 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  500 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  2% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Bromine trifluoride and carbon monoxide react explosively at high temperatures or concentrations (Mellor 2 Supp. 1:166 1956). The product of the reaction between lithium and carbon monoxide, lithium carbonyl, detonates violently with water, igniting the gaseous products Mellor 2, Supp.2:84 1961).  Contact of very cold liquefied gas with water may result in vigorous or violent boiling of the product and extremely rapid vaporization due to the large temperature differences involved. If the water is hot, there is the possibility that a liquid "superheat" explosion may occur. Pressures may build to dangerous levels if liquid gas contacts water in a closed container (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
headaches; tachypnea; nausea; weakness, dizziness, confusion, halucinations; cyanosis; depressed, st segment of electrocardiogram; angina; syncope

Target Organ:
cardiovascular system, lungs, blood, central nervous system

Notes 2:
[Note: Shipped as a nonliquefied or liquefied compressed gas.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Head, tachypnea, nau, weak, dizz, conf, halu; cyan; depres S-T segment of electrocardiogram, angina, syncope


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Clear, colorless liquid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Vapor Density:  3.79 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.001 at 59¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  320-322¦ F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  110.10 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This material is stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical can react with oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
in animals: blood changes, anemia, testicular degeneration; loss of appetite, diarrhea, lacrimation (discharge of tears), hind leg tremor; dermatitis

Health Effects:
hemolytic anemia; central nervous system effects; testicular damage

Target Organ:
blood, central nervous system, skin, reproductive system

Physical Description:
Clear, colorless liquid with a foul odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: blood changes, anemia, testicular degeneration; loss of appetite, diarr, lac, hind leg tremor; derm


General Desc:
Carbonyl fluoride is a colorless gas with a pungent odor.  It is very toxic by inhalation.  When carbonyl fluoride is mixed with water or steam it produces highly corrosive hydrofluoric acid and toxic vapors.  High heat may cause it to decompose to toxic carbon monoxide gas.  Prolonged exposure of the containers to fire or heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing.  It is used in the chemical process industry. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -173¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  55.4 atm (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Density (air = 1):  1.139 at -173.2¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Boiling Point:  -117¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  66.01 (USCG, 1999)

TLV TWA:  2 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  5 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reacts (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Do not use water.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).    Water spill:  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  When carbonyl fluoride is mixed with water or steam it produces highly corrosive hydrofluoric acid and toxic vapors. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, muc memb, respiratory system; eye, skin burns; lacrimation (discharge of tears); cough, pulmonary edema, dyspnea (breathing difficulty); chronic exposure: gastrointestinal pain, muscle fibrosis, skeletal fluorosis; liquid: frostbite

Synonyms:
Carbon difluoride oxide, Carbon fluoride oxide, Carbon oxyfluoride, Carbonyl difluoride, Fluoroformyl fluoride, Fluorophosgene

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a pungent and very irritating odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb, resp sys; eye, skin burns; lac; cough, pulm edema, dysp; chronic exposure: GI pain, musc fib, skeletal fluorosis; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
Tan-colored liquid with a sulfide-like odor. (NIOSH, 1997)

Properties:
Specific Gravity:  1.20 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  322.5 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  Low (NIOSH, 1997)

Physical Description:
Tan-colored liquid with a sulfide-like odor.


Symptoms:
stannosis (benign pneumoconiosis): dyspnea (breathing difficulty), decreased pulmonary function

Synonyms:
Stannic dioxide, Stannic oxide, White tin oxide

Exposure Symptoms:
Stannosis (benign pneumoconiosis): dysp, decr pulm func


General Desc:
Crotonaldehyde is a clear, colorless to straw colored liquid with a penetrating pungent odor.  It has a flash point of 55 deg. F.  It is very toxic by inhalation.  If subject to heat it may polymerize.  If polymerization takes place in a container the container may violently rupture.  It is lighter than water and slightly soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It weighs 7.1 lbs./gal. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  55¦ F (oc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.95 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  15.5 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  450¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -105¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  19 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  2.41 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.8495 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  219¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  70.09 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  50 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

ERPG-1:  2 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  10 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  50 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 65.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Crotonaldehyde Exposure: Acute exposure to crotonaldehyde may produce tearing and extreme irritation to skin, eyes and, upper respiratory tract.  Corneal damage may occur.  Respiratory signs may include delayed pulmonary edema. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to crotonaldehyde may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.  Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to crotonaldehyde.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.  3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  4.  Transport to a health care facility.  Dermal/Eye Exposure:  1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to crotonaldehyde.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.  3.Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.  4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.  5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.  2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3. Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of crotonaldehyde is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.  4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.  5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.  6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.  Apply approriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.  Add sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3).    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use surface active agent (e.g.  detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by epa.  Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increase effectiveness of booms.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire. Isolate for one-half mile radius if tank car or truck is involved in fire.Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray and foam. Large fires: water spray, fog or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  It can react violently with strong oxidizing reagents, e.g., reaction with conc. nitric acid leads to instantenous ignition [Andrussow, L., Chim. Ind. (Paris), 1961, 86, p. 542]. In contact with strong acids or bases it will indergo an exothermic condensation reaction. Reaction with 1,3-butadiene is particularly violent [Greenlee, K. W., Chem. Eng. News, 1948, 26, p. 1985]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, respiratory system; in animals: dyspnea (breathing difficulty), pulmonary edema, irritation skin

Synonyms:
2-Butenal, Crotonaldehyde, inhibited,   -Methyl acrolein, Propylene aldehyde

Physical Description:
Water-white liquid with a suffocating odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Turns pale-yellow on contact with air.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, resp sys; in animals: dysp, pulm edema, irrit skin


General Desc:
Colorless, noncorrosive, odorless gas when pure. [Note: A foul-smelling odorant is usually added. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.] (NIOSH, 1997)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  2.1 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Upper Exp Limit:  9.5 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  greater than 1 atm (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  >-44 (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  42-58 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  2000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1000 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  1250 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical in liquid form contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical in liquid form contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area).  All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded.  Do not touch or walk through spilled material.  Stop leak if you can do it without risk.  If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid.  Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift.  Do not direct water at spill or source of leak.  Prevent spreading of vapors through sewers, ventilation systems and confined areas.  Isolate area until gas has dispersed.  CAUTION:  When in contact with refrigerated/cryogenic liquids, many materials become brittle and are likely to break without warning. (DOT, 1996)

Firefighting:
DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED.  SMALL FIRES:  Dry chemical or CO2.  LARGE FIRES:  Water spray or fog.  Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk.  FIRE INVOLVING TANKS:  Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles.  Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out.  Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur.  Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank.  ALWAYS stay away from the ends of tanks.  For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (DOT, 1996)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Strong oxidizers, chlorine dioxide (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV NOTES:
TLV-TWA HAS Varies mg/m3, SEE ALIPHATIC HYGROCABON GASES, ALKANE [C1-C4]

Target Organ:
respiratory system, central nervous system

Synonyms:
Bottled gas, Compressed petroleum gas, Liquefied hydrocarbon gas, LPG

Physical Description:
Colorless, noncorrosive, odorless gas when pure.

Notes 2:
[Note: A foul-smelling odorant is usually added. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]


General Desc:
Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is a clear colorless liquid with an ammonia- like odor.  It has a flash point of 0 deg. F.  It is flammable over a wide range of vapor-air concentrations.  It may ignite spontaneously in contact with oxidizers.  The vapors are very toxic by inhalation and attack the eyes and respiratory system.  The liquid is corrosive to the skin.  It is lighter than water and soluble in water.  The vapors are heavier than air.  Prolonged exposure of containers of the material to fire or heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing due to the decomposition of the material.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material.  Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and a flame can flash-back to the source of vapors.  It is used as a rocket propellant, to make other chemicals, and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  5¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  95 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  480¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -72¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  157 mm at 77¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  1.94 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.791 at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  147¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  60.1 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  15 ppm; Not applicable for 1,1-Dimethylhydrazine, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.01 ppm  Suspected human carcinogen.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed for hours to days.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Dimethylhydrazine Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to dimethylhydrazine may include eye irritation, facial numbness, facial swelling, and increased salivation.  Headache, twitching, seizures, convulsions, and coma may also occur.  Gastrointestinal effects include anorexia, nausea, and vomiting.  Pulmonary edema and hypotension (low blood pressure) are common.  Dimethylhydrazine is toxic to the liver, ruptures red blood cells, and may cause kidney damage.  Dermal contact may result in strong skin and mucous membrane irritation. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to dimethylhydrazine may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as dimethylhydrazine-resistant sheeting and disposable bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to dimethylhydrazine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to dimethylhydrazine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of dimethylhydrazine is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of dimethylhydrazine may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Move containers from fire area if it can be done without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal, do not scatter the material. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water until well after fire is out, wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Isolate for one-half mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire.Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam for small fires.  In large fires water fog, carbon dioxide, and bicarbonate agents may allow flashback and explosive re-ignition. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Unsymmetrical dimethyl hydrazine, when spread on a large surface, may ignite spontaneously, Def. Res. and Eng., pp299-300(1963).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Spontaneous ignition of UDMH can occur on contact with oxidants like hydrogen peroxide and fuming nitric acid, Haz. Chem. Data(1966). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, skin irritation; choking, chest pain, dyspnea; lethargy; nausea; anoxia; convulsions; liver injury; (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
mutagen; central nervous system effects; anemia

Target Organ:
central nervous system, liver, gastrointestinal tract, blood, respiratory system, eyes, skin

Synonyms:
Dimazine, DMH, UDMH, Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with an ammonia- or fish-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; choking, chest pain, dysp; leth; nau; anoxia; convuls; liver inj; [carc]


General Desc:
Methyl isocyanate is a colorless liquid that is heavier than water.  Its flash point is less than 20 deg. F.  Methyl isocyanate reacts when mixed with water to form carbon dioxide and methylamine gases.  It is very toxic by inhalation.  Although it has a sharp odor, this commodity does not have odor warning characteristics at low concentrations.  Do not rely on the sense of smell to warn about presence of mic vapors. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  19¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  5.3 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  26 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  995¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -112¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  348 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  About twice as heavy as air (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.9230 at 81¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  102¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  57.05 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  3 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.02 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  0.025 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  0.5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed for up to 15 hours.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Methyl Isocyanate Exposure: Acute exposure to methyl isocyanate may result in respiratory tract irritation, cough, chest tightness and pain, dyspnea (shortness of breath), asthmatic episodes, and pulmonary edema.  Contact with the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes may result in severe irritation and permanent damage. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to methyl isocyanate may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to methyl isocyanate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure. Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to methyl isocyanate. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5. Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3. Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 4. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 5. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Material is extremely hazardous to health but areas may be entered with extreme care. Full protective clothing, including self-contained breathing apparatus (coat, pants, gloves, boots, and bands around legs, arms and waist) should be provided. No skin surface should be exposed.  Stay away from ends of tanks. Do not get water inside container. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire.Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Reacts with water to produce carbon dioxide, methylamine, dimethylurea and/or trimethylbiuret accompanied by evolution of the isocyanate. The reaction is relatively slow below 20C but becomes violent at more elevated temperatures or in the presence of acids and bases.CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Very toxic, flammable, low-boiling liquid (b. p. 39 C). It can be absorbed through the skin. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat, flame or sparks. Exothermic reaction with water. Vapor on contact with strong oxidizers may ignite. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitriles and oxides of nitrogen [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 860]. Cause of death of thousands of industrial workers in 1984 in Bhopal, India when released in the world's largest chemical accident. The origin of the exothermic reaction in the presence of water has been shown [Worthy, W., Chem. Eng. News, 1985, 63(6), p. 27]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; coughing, secretions, chest pain, dyspnea, asthma; eye, skin injury;  in animals:  pulmonary edema

Health Effects:
asthma; lung edema; irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a sharp, pungent odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; resp sens, cough, pulm secretions, chest pain, dysp; asthma; eye, skin damage; in animals: pulm edema


TLV NOTES:
RESPIRABLE FIBERS, ALL FORMS EXCEPT GRAPHITE FIBERS

Symptoms:
cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), black sputum, decreased pulmonary function, lung fibrosis

Synonyms:
Activated carbon [Note: Also see specific listing for Graphite (natural).]

Physical Description:
Steel gray to black, greasy feeling, odorless solid.

Exposure Symptoms:
Cough, dysp, black sputum, decr pulm func, lung fib


First Aid:
Eyes: Irrigate immediately (liquid); Skins: Soap wash immediately (liquid); Inhalation: Respiratory support; Ingestion: Medical attention immediately (liquid)

Reactivity:
Organic materials, heat, phosphorus, potassium hydroxide, sulfur, mercury, carbon monoxide

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; coughing, wheezing, bronchitis; pulmonary edema; chronic bronchitis

Health Effects:
lung injury; irritation-eyes, nose, throat, skin---marked

Physical Description:
Yellow to red gas or a red-brown liquid (below 52ºF) with an unpleasant odor similar to chlorine and nitric acid.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; cough, wheez, bron, pulm edema; chronic bron


General Desc:
Formic acid is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor.  It is combustible over a wide range of vapor-air mixtures and has a flash point of 156 deg. F.  It is soluble in water with release of heat.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue.  It weighs 10.2 lbs./gal. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  156¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  18% (90% solution) (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  57% (90% solution) (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1114¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  47.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  35 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 200 mm Hg at 142.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  1.6 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.220 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  213.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  46.02 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  30 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  10 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).    Water spill:  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:   In the attempt to prepare furfuryl formate from furfuryl alcohol and concentrated formic acid an explosion occurred, Chem. Eng. News 18:72(1940). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye irritation, lacrimation; nasal discharge; throat irritation, coughing, dyspnea; nausea; skin burns, dermatitis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; mutagen

Synonyms:
Formic acid (85-95% in aqueous solution); Hydrogen carboxylic acid; Methanoic acid

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a pungent, penetrating odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Often used in an aqueous solution.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes; skin, throat; skin burns, derm; lac; rhin; cough, dysp; nau


General Desc:
Methyl mercaptan is a colorless gas with a very strong disagreeable odor of rotten cabbage.  It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure.  Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite or chemical type burns.  It is slightly soluble in water.  It is easily ignited.  Its vapor is heavier than air and a flame can flash back to the source of leak very easily.  It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may violently rupture and rocket.  It weighs 7.3 lbs./gal. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  0¦ F (unspc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  3.9 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  21.8 % (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -189.4¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  1 to 400 mm at -131.26 to 44.24¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.87 (¬ AAR, 1999)

Boiling Point:  42.7¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  48.11 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  150 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.5 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  0.005 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  25 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  100 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  2% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Methyl Mercaptan Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to methyl mercaptan may include fever, cough, shortness of Breathing, a feeling of tightness and burning in the chest, pulmonary edema, respiratory distress, respiratory paralysis, and respiratory failure/collapse.  Headache, loss of the sense of smell, dizziness, staggering gait, and heightened emotions may occur.  Memory loss, damage to the central and peripheral nervous systems, tremor, convulsions, and coma may also occur.  Gastrointestinal symptoms include difficulty swallowing, redness of the tongue and pharynx, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.  Urinary disturbances may also be found.  Methyl mercaptan may irritate the eyes and mucous membranes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to methyl mercaptan may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to methyl mercaptan. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. RUSH to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to methyl mercaptan. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7. RUSH to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of methyl mercaptan is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of methyl mercaptan may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6. RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Evacuate area endangered by gas. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire.Small fires: let burn unless leak can be stopped immediately. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Stay away from ends of tanks. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire. Cool container with water using unmanned device until well after fire is out. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. Preferably let fire burn, stop gas flow. Fires may be extinguished with dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Toxic, flammable gas, very offensive odor, will liquify at 6 C. Dangerous fire or explosion hazard when exposed to heat, flame, sparks or strong oxidizers ( e.g., calcium hypochlorite). Reacts with water, steam or acids to produce toxic, flammable vapors. Upon decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of oxides of sulfur [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 862]. Violent reaction with mercury(II) oxide [Klason P., Ber., 1887, 20, p. 3410]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
narcosis; cyanosis; convulsions; pulmonary irritation

Health Effects:
odor; central nervous system effects; irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, blood

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a disagreeable odor like garlic or rotten cabbage.

Notes 2:
[Note: A liquid below 43ºF. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; narco; cyan; convuls; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
Ethyl bromide is colorless, volatile liquid.  It is slightly soluble in water and heavier than water.  Its flash point is less than 0 deg. F.  and its vapors are heavier than air.  It is toxic by inhalation and irritating to skin and eyes.  It is used to make pharmaceuticals and as a solvent. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -10¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  6.75% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  11.25% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  952¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -182¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  375 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 400 mm Hg at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.76 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.460 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  101.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  108.98 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm, Suspected Human Carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  250 ppm, Suspected Human Carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 61¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER:  Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to heat.  It turns yellow on exposure to air and light.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical will react with steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes.  It can react vigorously with oxidizers.  It reacts with strong bases.  It also reacts with chemically active metals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, powdered aluminum, zinc and magnesium.  It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye, skin, respiratory system irritation; central nervous system depression; pulmonary edema; liver, kidney disease; cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest

Health Effects:
cumulative liver, kidney and heart damage; narcosis; irritation-eyes, lungs, skin---mild

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, cardiovascular system, central nervous system

Physical Description:
Colorless to yellow liquid with an ether-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; CNS depres; pulm edema; liver, kidney disease; card arrhy, card arrest


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Brown crystals; dark brown solid.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Characteristic amine odor. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  41¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  135¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  <0.1 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  4.25 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.071 at 135¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  469¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  123.16 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  50 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should protect this chemical from exposure to light.  Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store it in an explosion-proof refrigerator.  STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fires involving this compound can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher.  A water spray may also be used. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound may be sensitive to heat, light and moisture.REACTIVITY:  This compound reacts with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, chloroformates and strong oxidizing agents.  It is incompatible with alkaline materials.  It is also incompatible with aldehydes, ketones and nitrates. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
headache, dizziness; cyanosis; red blood cell heinz bodies

Target Organ:
blood, kidneys, liver, cardiovascular system, central nervous system

Physical Description:
Yellow to brown, crystalline solid with an amine-like odor.


General Desc:
Acrolein is a colorless to yellow colored volatile liquid with a pungent odor.  It has a flash point of less than 0 deg. F.  It is initially irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes.  It is very toxic by inhalation.  The material is subject to polymerization if its containers are subject to heat or if it becomes contaminated.  It is soluble in water and it is lighter than water.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It weighs 7.0 lbs./gal.  It is used to make other chemicals, plastics, and as a herbicide. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -15¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.8 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  31 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  453¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -126¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  135.71 to 210 mm at 50 to 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  1.94 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.8410 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  126¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  56.06 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  2 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  0.3 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  0.1 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  0.5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  3 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Acrolein is highly irritating to skin and mucous membranes.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Acrolein Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to acrolein may be severe and include shortness of Breathing, tightness in the chest, pulmonary edema, and coma.  Lacrimation (tearing), nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea may also occur.  Acrolein will irritate or burn the skin and mucous membranes.  Eye contact may cause irritation, swelling, discharge, and/or corneal injury. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to acrolein may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to acrolein. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  RUSH to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to acrolein. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible (and place in plastic bag). 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.  Combustion products include corrosive or toxic vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Neutralize with sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4).  Apply approriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Add sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4).  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
In advanced or massive fires, fire fighting should be done from safe distance or from protected location. Use dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide. Water may be ineffective, but should be used to keep fire-exposed containers cool. If a leak or spill has not ignited, use water spray to disperse vapors. If it is necessary to stop a leak, use water spray to protect men attempting to do so. Water spray may be used to flush spills away from exposures and to dilute spills to nonflammable mixtures.Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  It can react violently with oxidizing reagents; when exposed to heat or flame it emits higly toxic fumes. Water initiates exothermic reaction catalyzed by mineral acids or metal ions. It may rapidly polymerize in the presence of light or heat. It may undergo violent polymerization on contact with strong alkali bases, strong acids, weak acids (sulfur dioxide or carbon dioxide), thiourea, or aliphatic amines [Sax, 9th ed, p. 55]. Keep at the pH 5-6 adjusted by acetic acid [Kirk-Othmer, 3rd ed., Vol 1, 1978, p. 277]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; decreased pulmonary functioning; delayed pulmonary edema, chronic respiratory disease

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, lungs, skin---marked; mutagen; LD50 (oral, rabbit) 7 mg/kg; LD50 (oral, rat) 46 mg/kg

Synonyms:
Acraldehyde, Acrolein, inhibited, Acrylaldehyde, Acrylic aldehyde, Allyl aldehyde, Propenal, 2-Propenal

Physical Description:
Colorless or yellow liquid with a piercing, disagreeable odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; decr pulm func; delayed pulm edema; chronic resp disease


General Desc:
Liquid; colorless; weak odor.  Miscible with water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  166¦F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.1 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Upper Exp Limit:  3.0 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Melting Point:  -117¦F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  0.5 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.95 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  363.2¦F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  148.2 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  600 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  Miscible (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.  Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with water. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention immediately.  Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Stop discharge if possible.  Call fire department.  Avoid contact with liquid.  Isolate and remove discharged material.  Notify local health and pollution control agencies.   Evacuate areas.  Should be removed.  Chemical and physical treatment.  Effect of low concentrations on aquatic life is unknown.  May be dangerous if it enters water intakes.  Notify local health and wildlife officials.  Notify operators of nearby water intakes. (USCG, 1999)

Firefighting:
Extinguish with dry chemical, alcohol foam, or CO2.  Cool exposed containers with water. (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously (Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154, 164). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose irritation; weakness, lightheadedness, headaches

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate; slight narcosis

Synonyms:
Dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, Dowanol®50B

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a mild, ether-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; weak, li-head, head


Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Fluorine acts so vigorously on thallium that it turns the metal incandescent (Mellor 5:421 1946-47). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting; ptosis, strabismus; peripheral neuritis, tremors; paresthesia of legs; retrosternal tightness, chest pain; pulmonary edema; seizure, chorea, psychosis; liver, kidney damage; alopecia

Health Effects:
cumulative systemic toxicity; central nervous system effects;

Synonyms:
Synonyms vary depending upon the specific soluble thallium compound.

Physical Description:
Light-gray to tan powder with a slightly aromatic odor.


Symptoms:
contact eczema; in animals: methemoglobinemia, liver changes

Exposure Symptoms:
Contact eczema; in animals: methemo, liver changes


Main Chemical Name:
ALUMINUM, PYROPHORIC POWDERS AND WELDING FUME, as Al

General Desc:
Aluminum powder, coated is a light grey or silvery colored powdered metal.  It is easily ignited and burns with an intense flame. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Do not attempt to sweep up dry material.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Do not use water.  Use suitable dry powder. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Napp Technologies explosion: the mixing of water with Sodium Hydrosulfite caused the generation of SO2, heat and more water.  The Aluminum powder reacted with water and other reactants to generate more heat.  The resulting explosion of the chemical reactor killed 5 employees and 300 residents were evacuated, (Case Study, Accident Investigation: Napp Technologies, presented by John Ferris, Paul Kahn, Mike Marshall, Fourteenth International Hazardous Material Spills Conference.)CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Can be charged electrostatically by swirling, pneumatic transport or pouring; reacts violently with metal oxides (thermite process; during welding; rust with aluminum containing paints), metal salts, mercury and mercury compounds; reacts with nitrates, sulfates, halogens, and halogenated hydrocarbons to form compounds that are sensitive to mechanical shock.(Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 135). A mixture of ammonium nitrate and aluminum powder can be used as an explosive. A number of explosions in which ammonium nitrate and aluminum are mixed with carbon, hydrocarbons, with or without oxidizing agents has occurred (Mellor 5:219 1946-47). A mixture of aluminum powder with ammonium persulfate powder and water may cause an explosion (NFPA 491M 1991). When bismuth trioxide is heated with powdered aluminum, the reduction occurs with explosive violence, Mellor 9:649 (1946-47). A combination of finely divided aluminum with finely divided bromates(also chlorates and iodates) of barium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium or zinc can explode by heat, percussion, and friction, Mellor 2:310 (1946-47). Bromine vapor reacts with warm aluminum foil with incandescence. The reaction is vigorous even at 15 C., Chem. News 121:178 (1920). Powdered aluminum burns in the vapor of carbon disulfide, sulfur dioxide, sulfur dichloride, nitrous oxide, nitric oxide, or nitrogen peroxide, Mellor 5:209-212 (1946-47). Powdered aluminum and carbon tetrachloride exploded when heated(to 153 C.) and by impact, Chem. Eng. News 32:258 (1954); UL Bull. Research 34 (1945), ASESB Pot. Incid. 39 (1968). In the presence of carbon, the combination of chlorine trifluoride with aluminum, copper, lead, magnesium, silver, tin, or zinc results in a violent reaction (Mellor 2 Supp. 1: 1956). A violent reaction or flaming is likely in the reaction of chromic anhydride and aluminum powder (Mellor 11:237 1946-47). A strong explosion occurred when aluminum was heated with copper oxide. With lead oxide, the crucible was broken and the doors of the furnace were blown off (Mellor 5:217-19 1946-47). Aluminum powder and iodine in close contact will ignite spontaneously, Fluorine with metals requires added heat for ignition (NFPA 491M 1991). Aluminum foil, after continued contact with iodine monochloride, ignites spontaneously and burns with a bluish-white flame, Mellor 2:119 (1946-47). There has been three industrial explosions involving a photoflash composition containing potassium perchlorate with aluminum and magnesium powder (ACS 146:210 1945), NFPA 491M 1991). Methyl bromide in a steel tank reacted with an aluminum tube (part of the level gauge) producing methyl aluminum bromide. When the latter was subsequently exposed to air, enough heat was produced to ignite the methyl bromide-compressed air mixture above the liquid layer. The ensuing explosion shattered the tank (Chem. Eng. Pro. 58(8):1962). Methyl chloride in the presence of small amounts of aluminum chloride will attack aluminum powder, forming spontaneously flammable (in air) aluminum trimethyl. Liquid oxygen gives a detonable mixture when combined with powdered aluminum (NFPA 491M 1991). A reaction between silver chloride and aluminum, once started, proceeds with explosive violence (Mellor 3:402 1946-47). A 25% sodium hydroxide solution was filtered into a tank trailer thought to be made of steel. By the time it was discovered that the tank was aluminum , copious amounts of hydrogen were already boiling off (MCA Case History 1115 1965). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Health Effects:
explosive, flammable, safety (no adverse effects encountered when good housekeeping practices are followed)


General Desc:
Chloroacetophenone can be a solid or liquid.  The solid is white crystals.  The vapors are very irritating to the eyes and tissues.  It has a floral odor. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  244¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  133.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0054 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  5.2 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.32 at 59¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  441-442¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  154.60 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  15 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.05 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Reacts slowly with water or moisture in air to form hydrogen chloride.CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Reacts slowly with metals causing mild corrosion. Reacts slowly with water or moisture in air to form hydrogen chloride. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, skin, respiratory system irritation; pulmonary edema

Synonyms:
2-Chloroacetophenone, Chloromethyl phenyl ketone, Mace®, Phenacyl chloride, Phenyl chloromethyl ketone, Tear gas

Physical Description:
Colorless to gray crystalline solid with a sharp, irritating odor.


General Desc:
Acrylic acid is a colorless liquid.  It is combustible and it has a flash point of 130 deg. F.  It is soluble in water.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue.  Prolonged exposure to fire or heat can cause the material to polymerize.  If polymerization takes place in a container violent rupture may occur. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  130¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.4% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  8.0% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  820¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  55¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  3.2 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 5 mm Hg at 81.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.50 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.0511 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  286¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  72.06 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  2 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  2 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  50 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  750 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 63¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and, in addition, have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Transport the victim IMMEDIATELY to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Solid streams of water may be ineffective.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  It may polymerize violently by spontaneous chemical reaction especially when frozen acid is partially thawed (freezing point 13 C). Melting should take place at room temperature (25 C) and material should be well mixed. Do not use elevated temperature during the melting process [Kirk-Othmer, 3rd ed., Vol 1, 1978, p. 330]. The uninhibited acid will polymerize exothermically at ambient temperature, and may accelerate to an explosive state if confined. It can react violently with oxidizing reagents [Bretherics, 5th ed., 1995, p. 419]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; eye, skin burns; skin sensitization; in animals: lung, liver, kidney injury

Health Effects:
LD50 (oral, rabbit) 340 mg/kg; skin irritation--severe

Synonyms:
Acroleic acid, Acrylic Acid, inhibited, Aqueous acrylic acid (technical grade is 94%), Ethylenecarboxylic acid, Glacial acrylic acid (98% in aqueous solution), 2-Propenoic acid

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid or solid (below 55ºF) with a distinctive, acrid odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Shipped with an inhibitor (e.g., hydroquinone) since it readily polymerizes.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; eye, skin burns; skin sens; in animals: lung, liver, kidney inj


General Desc:
Endrin is a white crystalline, odorless solid dissolved in a liquid carrier.  It is water emulsifiable.  It is toxic by inhalation, skin absorption, and/or ingestion.  When heated or burned it may emit toxic hydrogen chloride and phosgene.  It is used as a pesticide. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  Commercial product may contain flammable liquid with flashpoint 80F. (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.1 % commercial product (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  7 % commercial productcommercial product (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  Decomposes at 473F. (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  2e-07 mm at 77¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.70 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  380.9 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  2 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 mg/m3  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Note: Symptoms usually appear between 20 minutes and 12 hours after exposure. Signs and Symptoms of Endrin Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to endrin may be severe and include headache, dizziness, deafness, agitation, nervousness, tremors, frothing of the mouth, seizures, and coma.  Convulsive episodes may alternate with periods of severe central nervous system depression.  Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are common.  Hypertension (high blood pressure), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), and cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal heart beating) may be noted.  Respiratory depression may lead to respiratory arrest.  Contact with the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes may result in redness and irritation.  Victims often have an elevated temperature. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to endrin may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid  self-exposure to endrin. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If  breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory  support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should  avoid self-exposure to endrin. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If  breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory  support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with  lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas three times.  Wash initially with  soap and water, follow with an alcohol wash, then again with  soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If  breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory  support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed  time since ingestion of endrin is unknown or suspected to be  greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed  to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children  under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of endrin may result in sudden onset  of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac  should be administered only if victims are alert, have an  active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure  or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended:  children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to  12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of  water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes,  Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and  give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred  within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac,  administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are  conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for  children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with  125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or  sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15  to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-  1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.    Water spill:  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing at the site. Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material.Use dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide, water spray for solution. Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  While a mixture of parathion and endrin was being blended into a petroleum solvent, an exothermic reaction occurred that caused some of the petroleum solvent to vaporize. The solvent-vapor-air mixture exploded. The mechanical agitation possibly initiated the exothermic reaction, Doyle(1973). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
epileptiform convulsions; stupor, headaches, dizziness; abdominal discomfort, nausea, vomiting; insomnia; aggressive confusion, lethargy, weakness; anorexia;  in animals:  liver damage

Health Effects:
acute central nervous system toxicity; suspect teratogen; LD50 (oral,rat) 7-15 mg/kg

Physical Description:
Colorless to tan, crystalline solid with a mild, chemical odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Epilep convuls; stupor, head, dizz; abdom discomfort, nau, vomit; insom; aggressiveness, conf; leth, weak; anor; in animals: liver damage


General Desc:
1-Methoxy-2-propanol is a colorless liquid with a flash point near 89 deg. F.  It weighs less than water and is soluble in water.  It is irritating to the skin, eyes and mucous membranes.  Prolonged breathing of vapors may cause coughing, shortness of breath, dizziness and intoxication.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It is used as a solvent and as an anti-freeze agent. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  97¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.6% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  18.8% (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -139¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  11.8 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.11 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.9620 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  248¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  90.12 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  150 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously (Bretherick 1979 p.151-154, 164). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; headache, nausea, lightheadedness, drowsiness, incoordination; vomiting, diarrhea

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate; acute kidney and lung damage

Synonyms:
Dowtherm®209, 1-Methoxy-2-hydroxypropane, 1-Methoxy-2-propanol, 2-Methoxy-1-methylethanol, Propylene glycol methyl ether

Physical Description:
Clear, colorless liquid with a mild, ethereal odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; head, nau, li-head, drow, inco; vomit, diarr


General Desc:
Maleic anhydride is colorless crystalline needles, flakes, pellets, rods, briquettes, lumps or fused mass.  It melts at 113 deg. F.  It is shipped as a solid or in the molten state.  The vapors, fumes and dusts are a strong irritant to the eyes, skin and mucous membranes.  It has a flash point of 218 deg. F.  and an autoignition temperature of 890 deg. F.  It is slowly decomposed by water.  It is used to make paints and plastics and other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  218¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.4 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.1 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  878¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  127.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.2 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.934 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  387-390¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  98.06 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  10 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Soluble; decomposes in hot solvent (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.    Water spill:  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Solid streams of water may be ineffective.  Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Reacts with water to form maleic acid and much heat.CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Moderately toxic white solid, combustible. Vigorous reaction on contact with oxidizing materials, exothermic reaction with water or steam. Violent exothermic decomposition reaction, producing carbon dioxide, in the presence of strong bases (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide), alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium), aliphatic amines (dimethylamine, trimethylamine), aromatic amines (pyridine, quinoline), at temperatures above 150 C [Vogler, C. A. et al., J. Chem. Eng. Data, 1963, 8, p. 620]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
conjunctivitis, photophobia, double vision; nasal, upper respiratory irritation; broncheal asthma; dermatitis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, lungs, (edema), skin---marked; asthma; chronic (cumulative) toxicity

Synonyms:
cis-Butenedioic anhydride; 2,5-Furanedione; Maleic acid anhydride; Toxilic anhydride

Physical Description:
Colorless needles, white lumps, or pellets with an irritating, choking odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit nose, upper resp sys; conj; photo, double vision; bronchial asthma; derm


Main Chemical Name:
BARIUM, SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS EXCEPT BARIUM SULFATE, as Ba

General Desc:
Barium is a silver to white colored solid.  It weighs more than water.  This material will react vigorously if exposed to water or moist air and will generate flammable and/or toxic fumes.  Contact with the material may cause burns to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  It may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.  It is used to make other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  1337¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  10 mm Hg  at 1920¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  3.51 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  2984¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  137.34 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  0.5 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  Some heavy metals are VERY TOXIC POISONS, especially if their salts are very soluble in water (e.g., lead, chromium, mercury, bismuth, osmium, and arsenic).  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center and locate activated charcoal, egg whites, or milk in case the medical advisor recommends administering one of them.  Also locate Ipecac syrup or a glass of salt water in case the medical advisor recommends inducing vomiting.  Usually, this is NOT RECOMMENDED outside of a physician's care.  If advice from a physician is not readily available and the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give the victim a glass of activated charcoal slurry in water or, if this is not available, a glass of milk, or beaten egg whites and IMMEDIATELY transport victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, assure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Do not use water.  Cover all suspected material with dry sand or earth to prevent ignition until material can be permanently disposed of. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Do not use water.  Use graphite, soda ash, powdered sodium chloride, or suitable dry powder.  If fire is massive, back off, protect surroundings, and let burn.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Rapidly decomposes with water. The heat of reaction is sufficient that the evolved hydrogen may ignite (Lab. Govt. Chemist 1965). Barium reacts with water forming H2 gas and caustic solution; finely divided metal powder is pyrophoric (Bretherick, 1979 p. 170-171).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Boron trifluoride reacts with incandescence when heated with alkali metals or alkaline earth metals except magnesium (Merck 11th ed. 1989). It has been determined experimentally that mixtures of finely divided barium metal and a number of halogenated hydrocarbons possess an explosive capability. Specifically, impact-sensitivity tests have shown that granular barium in contact with monofluorotrichloromethane, trichlorotrifluoroethane, carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, or tetrachloroethylene can detonate (ASESB Pot. Incid. 39 1968; Chem. Eng. News 46(9):38 1968). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
upper respiratory irritation; gastroenteritis; muscle spasms; slow pulse, extrasystoles; hypokalemia; irritates eyes, skin; skin burns

Health Effects:
acute effects lung, gastrointestinal; baritosis

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory  system, heart, central nervous system

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; skin burns; gastroenteritis; musc spasm; slow pulse, extrasystoles; hypokalemia


General Desc:
Beryllium is a grayish-white, hard, light metal.  It is heavier than water, but the powder may float.  It may be toxic by inhalation and will burn if involved in a fire. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  2349¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.85 (metal) (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  4532¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  9.01 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  4 mg/m3; Not applicable for Beryllium & beryllium compounds (as Be), a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.0002 mg/m3  Confirmed human carcinogen. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Breathing: If a person breaths large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed person to fresh air at once. Other measures are usually unnecessary. (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Boron trifluoride reacts with incandescence when heated with alkali metals or alkaline earth metals except magnesium (Merck 11th ed. 1989). Finely divided or amalgamated metal reacts with HCl, dil HNO3, or dil H2SO4; attacked by strong base with evolution of hydrogen gas (Merck 11th ed. 1989). It has been determined experimentally that a mixture of beryllium powder with carbon tetrachloride or with trichloroethylene will flash or spark on heavy impact (ASESB Pot. Incid. 39 1968). The reaction between beryllium and the vapors of phosphorus proceeds with incandescence (Mellor 8:842 1946-47). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

PEL NOTES:
PEAK = 0.025 mg/m3 FOR 30 MINUTES DURING AN 8-HOUR SHIFT

Carcinogen:
IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-K, TLV-A1, EPA-K/L, EPA-CBD

Symptoms:
berylliosis (chronic exposure): anorexia, weight loss, weakness, chest pain, cough, clubbing of fingers, cyanosis, pulmonary insufficiency; irritation eyes; dermatitis; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Health Effects:
suspect carcinogen; cumulative lung damage (berylliosis)

Synonyms:
Beryllium metal: Beryllium Other synonyms vary depending upon the specific beryllium compound.

Physical Description:
Metal: A hard, brittle, gray-white solid.

Exposure Symptoms:
Berylliosis (chronic exposure): anor, low-wgt, weak, chest pain, cough, clubbing of fingers, cyan, pulm insufficiency; irrit eyes; derm; [carc]

86 REL Notes:
Carcinogen; not to exceed value listed as a ceiling limit


General Desc:
Odorless, yellow-brown, finely divided particulate dispersed in air. (NIOSH)

Carcinogen:
IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-K, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A2, EPA-B1

Physical Description:
odorless, yellow-brown, finely divided particulate dispersed in air.


General Desc:
Colorless liquid with a pronounced irritant odor.

This material is used as a reactive diluent for epoxy resins; chemical intermediate; stabilizer of chlorinated organic compounds; a textile-treating agent. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Flash Point:  147.2¦ F (unspc) (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.09 mm at 77¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  3.78 at 77¦ F SUSPECT (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.12 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  500¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  130.16 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  10 ppm; Not applicable for Diglycidyl ether, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  ? (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Caution: Diglycidyl ether can cause permanent injury via oral and inhalation exposure. Signs and Symptoms of Diglycidyl Ether Exposure: Acute exposure to diglycidyl ether may produce irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  Irritation of the gastrointestinal tract may occur.  Respiratory signs may include pulmonary edema and irritation of the respiratory tract, which may progress to pulmonary edema. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to diglycidyl ether may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to diglycidyl ether.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.  3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  4. Transport to a health care facility.  Dermal/Eye Exposure:  1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to diglycidyl ether.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.   3.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.  4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.  5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support.  2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  3.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize!  4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.  5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.  6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
(Non-Specific -- Poison, Flammable Liquid, n.o.s.) Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Shut off ignition sources; no flares, smoking, or flames in hazard area. Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do so without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Small spills: absorb with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal. Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
(Non-Specific -- Poison, Flammable Liquid, n.o.s.) Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water from the side until well after fire is out. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing.(Non-Specific -- Poison, Flammable Liquid, n.o.s.) Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Symptoms:
eye, skin, respiratory system irritation; skin burns [potential occupational carcinogen] in animals:  hematopoietic system, lung, liver, kidney damage; reproductive effects

Health Effects:
irritation-eyes, nose, throat, lungs, skin---marked; cumulative systemic toxicity; mutagen

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, reproductive system, in animals: skin tumors

Synonyms:
Diallyl ether dioxide; DGE; Di(2,3-epoxypropyl) ether; 2-Epoxypropyl ether; bis(2,3-Epoxypropyl) ether

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a strong, irritating odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; skin burns; in animals: hemato sys, lung, liver, kidney damage; repro effects; [carc]


General Desc:
Methyl chloride is a colorless gas with a faint sweet odor.  It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure.  Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite.  It is easily ignited.  The vapors are heavier than air.  Any leak can either be liquid or vapor.  It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.  It is used to make other chemicals and as a herbicide. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -49.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  8.1% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  17.2% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1170¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -143¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  760 mm Hg at -11¦ F; 3672 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  1.8 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.9159 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  -11.6¦ F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  50.49 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2000 ppm; Not applicable for Methyl chloride, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  50 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  not appropriate (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  400 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  1000 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slightly soluble (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: CAUTION: Exposure of skin to compressed gases may result in freezing of the skin.  Treatment for frostbite may be necessary.  Remove the victim from the source of contamination.  IMMEDIATELY wash affected areas gently with COLD water (and soap, if necessary) while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Dry carefully with clean, soft towels.  If symptoms such as inflammation or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician or go to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: This compound is a gas, therefore inhalation is the first route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  It may react explosively with sodium, potassium, sodium-potassium alloy, magnesium, zinc. In presence of catalytic amounts of aluminum chloride it reacts with aluminum powder to form pyrophoric trimethylaluminum. It can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents. When heated to decomposition, it emits highly toxic fumes of chlorine [Bretherics, 5th ed., 1995, p. 176]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

PEL NOTES:
PEAK = 300 ppm FOR A 5 MINUTE INTERVAL DURING ANY 3 HOURS

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca), REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION (LOQ 1.6 ppm)

Carcinogen:
IARC-3, NIOSH-Ca, TLV-A4, EPA-D, EPA-CBD

Symptoms:
dizziness; nausea, vomiting; visual disturbance; staggering; slurred speech; convulsions; coma; liver, kidney damage; frostbite; (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
acute central nervous system effects; chronic central nervous system effects; cumulative liver and kidney damage

Target Organ:
central nervous system, liver, kidneys, reproductive system

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a faint, sweet odor which is not noticeable at dangerous concentrations.

Exposure Symptoms:
Dizz, nau, vomit; vis dist, stagger, slurred speech, convuls, coma; liver, kidney damage; liquid: frostbite; repro, terato effects; [carc]

86 REL Notes:
Carcinogen; exposure should be reduced to lowest feasible level


General Desc:
Methyl iodide is a colorless liquid that turns brown on exposure to light.  It is soluble in water and weighs more than water.  Contact with the material may cause irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  It is very toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  10 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  15 % (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -87.61¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  661.76 mm (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity:  2.279 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  108.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  141.94 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  100 ppm; Not applicable for Methyl iodide, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  2 ppm  Suspected human carcinogen.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  25 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  50 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  125 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  10-50 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Corrosive chemicals will destroy the membranes of the mouth, throat, and esophagus and volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting.  Thus, the risk of increasing the medical problems by inducing vomiting of a volatile corrosive chemical is very high.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Sinks and decomposes in water forming poisonous vapor cloud of HI.. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
nausea, vomiting; vertigo; ataxia; slurred speech; drowsiness; dermatitis; eye irritation;  (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
acute and cumulative central nervous system effects; and; mutagen

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a pungent, ether-like odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Turns yellow, red, or brown on exposure to light & moisture.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; nau, vomit; verti, ataxia; slurred speech, drow; derm; [carc]


General Desc:
Colorless solid (needles). [Note: The primary use (including its salts such as 2,4-diaminoanisole sulfate) is a component of hair & fur dye formulations.] (NIOSH, 1997)

Properties:
Melting Point:  153¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  138.2 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  ? (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.  Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately wash the contaminated skin with soap and water.  If this chemical penetrates the clothing immediately remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible.  Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION, AS WELL AS ITS SALT

Symptoms:
in animals: irritation skin; thyroid, liver changes; teratogenic effects; potential occupational carcinogen

Target Organ:
skin, thyroid, liver, reproductive system

Synonyms:
1,3-Diamino-4-methoxybenzene; 4-Methoxy-1,3-benzene-diamine; 4-Methoxy-m-phenylene-diamine
Synonyms of salts vary depending upon the specific compound.

Notes 2:
[Note: The primary use (including its salts such as 2,4-diaminoanisole sulfate) is a component of hair & fur dye formulations.]

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irrit skin; thyroid, liver changes; terato effects; [carc]


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Colorless crystals; light brown powder.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Turns violet on standing. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  403¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  279-280¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  8.5 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  244.29 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to heat, air and prolonged exposure to light.REACTIVITY:  This compound is a weak base and has general characteristics of primary aromatic amines. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation skin; in animals: kidney, liver damage; thyroid, spleen changes; potential occupational carcinogen

Physical Description:
Colorless crystals that turn a violet color on standing.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit skin; in animals: kidney, liver damage; thyroid, spleen changes; [carc]

86 REL Notes:
Carcinogen; should be handled in workplace with caution; exposure should be minimized


General Desc:
Phosgene is a colorless liquid having a pungent odor which becomes a gas at 47 deg. F.  Its vapors are irritating to the eyes and respiratory system, and it is very toxic by inhalation.  Prolonged exposure of the containers to fire or intense heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -180¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  1215 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  3.4 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.37 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  47¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  98.92 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  2 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  not appropriate (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  0.2 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  1 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Very slightly soluble (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed up to 24 hours.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Phosgene Exposure: Acute exposure to phosgene may result in severe irritation and burns of the skin, eyes, mucous membranes, and respiratory passages.  Cough, dyspnea (shortness of breath), pain in the chest, and severe pulmonary edema may also occur.  Cyanosis (blue tint to the skin and mucous membranes) and anxiety may be observed. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to phosgene may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to phosgene. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  RUSH to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to phosgene. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: No information is available. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Dilute slowly with water.    Water spill:  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
If necessary to stop flow of gas, use water spray to protect the personnel effecting shutoff. Sodium hydroxide or anhydrous ammonia have been used to neutralize phosgene.Nonflammable. For small fires, use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Use water spray, fog, or foam for larger fires. Do not get water inside containers. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Stay away from the ends of tanks, and cool exposed containers with water until well after the fire is out. Isolate the area until gas has dispersed. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  In the presence of moisture (water, steam) or when inhaled it undergoes decomposition to form very corrosive hydrogen chloride gas (hydrochloric acid) and carbon monoxide. This is a slow processCHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless gas or very low-boiling, volatile liquid (b.p. 8.3 C), extremely toxic. In the presence of moisture (water, steam) or when inhaled it undergoes decomposition to form very corrosive hydrogen chloride gas (hydrochloric acid) and carbon monoxide. The warning properties of the gas inhaled are very slight, the death may occur withing 36 hours [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1027]. It may react violently with aluminum, alkaline metals (lithium, potassium, sodium), alcohols (isopropyl alcohol, 2,4-hexadiyn-1,6-diol), sodium azide [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 134]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye irritation; dry burning throat; vomiting; coughing, foamy sputum, dyspnea, chest pain; cyanosis; skin burns

Health Effects:
marked lung edema; chronic lung disease; irritation-eyes, skin---moderate

Synonyms:
Carbon oxychloride, Carbonyl chloride, Carbonyl dichloride, Chloroformyl chloride

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a suffocating odor like musty hay.

Notes 2:
[Note: A fuming liquid below 47ºF. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes; dry burning throat; vomit; cough, foamy sputum, dysp, chest pain, cyan; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
Colorless, odorless, oily liquid. [Note: Forms cyanide in the body.]

First Aid:
Eye: Irrigate immediately Skin: Water wash immediately Breathing: Respiratory support Swallow: Medical attention immediately [NIOSH]

Reactivity:
Traces of alkalis (promote violent polymerization)

Synonyms:
Cyanomethanol, Formaldehyde cyanohydrin, Glycolic nitrile, Glyconitrile, Hydroxyacetonitrile


General Desc:
The parent compound, o-Tolidine is a white to reddish crystals or powder. [Note: Darkens on exposure to air. Often used in paste or wet cake form. Used as a basis for many dyes.]

First Aid:
For the parent compound:  Eye: Irrigate immediately Skin: Soap flush immediately Breathing: Respiratory support Swallow: Medical attention immediately

Nonfire Spill Response:
For the parent Compound: Sweep spilled substance into containers; if appropriate, moisten first to prevent dusting. Carefully collect remainder, then remove to safe place. Chemical protection suit including self-contained breathing apparatus. [International Chemical Safety Card]

Firefighting:
The parent compound is combustible. Gives off irritating or toxic fumes (or gases) in a fire. NO open flames. Powder, water spray, foam, carbon dioxide. (International Chemical Safety Card]

Symptoms:
For the parent compound (o-tolidine): irritation eyes, nose; in animals: liver, kidney damage; [potential occupational carcinogen] [in animals: liver, bladder & mammary gland tumors]

Target Organ:
For the parent compound: eyes, respiratory system, liver, kidneys

Physical Description:
The parent compound is a white to reddish crystals or powder.

Notes 2:
[Note: Darkens on exposure to air. Often used in paste or wet cake form. Used as a basis for many dyes.]

Exposure Symptoms:
For the parent compound: Irritation eyes, nose; in animals: liver, kidney damage; [potential occupational carcinogen]

86 REL Notes:
Carcinogen; should be handled in the workplace with caution; minimize exposure


Symptoms:
irritation eyes; epistaxis (nosebleed); dermatitis; respiratory hypersensitivity; granulomatous pneumonitis; asthma, cough, wheezing, sinusitis; prolonged colds; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Exposure Symptoms:
irritation eyes; epistaxis (nosebleed); dermatitis; respiratory hypersensitivity; granulomatous pneumonitis; asthma, cough, wheezing, sinusitis; prolonged colds; [Potential occupational carcinogen]


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Oily liquid

Odor: Sharp alcohol odor

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Floats and mixes with water.  Flammable, irritating vapor is produced.  Freezing point is 78ºF. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  52¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.4% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  8.0% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  896¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  77.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  31 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 42 mm Hg at 77¦ F; 56 mm Hg at 86¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.55 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.7887 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  180.0¦ F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  74.14 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  1600 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION.  Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this chemical in an explosion-proof refrigerator and keep it away from oxidizing materials.  STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffective on fireFire Extinguishing Agents: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or alcohol foam. (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Attacks plastics.  (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 236). Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water (Merck 11th ed. 1989).  Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example:  an explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenylm-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid (Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73 1967; J, Org. Chem. 28:1893 1963). Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites (NFPA 491 M 1991). Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence (Wischmeyer 1969). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Physical Description:
Colorless solid or liquid (above 77ºF) with a camphor-like odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Often used in aqueous solutions.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; drow, narco


General Desc:
Trichlorofluoromethane is a clear light colored liquid, nearly odorless.  It is heavier than water.  In this solution it poses little acute health hazards to humans.  The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  Since it is a liquid it can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -168¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  792 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  5.04 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.49 at 63¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  74.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  137.38 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1000 ppm  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  10-50 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is unstable in the presence of water.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with alkali or alkaline earth metals, powdered aluminum, zinc and beryllium.  It reacts violently with barium and lithium. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
incoordination; tremors; dermatitis; frostbite; cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest

Health Effects:
central nervous system effects; acute cardiovascular effects

Target Organ:
skin, respiratory system, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
Fluorotrichloromethane, Freon® 11, Monofluorotrichloromethane, Refrigerant 11, Trichloromonofluoromethane

Physical Description:
Colorless to water-white, nearly odorless liquid or gas (above 75ºF).

Exposure Symptoms:
Inco, tremor; derm; card arrhy, card arrest; asphy; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Liquid

Color: Light yellow

Characteristics in Water: Mixes with water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  <20¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  17 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.72 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  369-372¦ F (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  100.13 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  0.2 ppm  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should keep this material in a tightly closed container under an inert atmosphere, and store it at refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical may discolor on exposure to air.  It polymerizes on heating.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.  It polymerizes in the presence of water. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; dermatitis, sensitization skin; cough, asthma; nausea, vomiting

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; derm, sens skin; cough, asthma; nau, vomit


General Desc:
N-propyl nitrate is a white to straw-colored liquid with an ether-like odor.  It weighs about the same as water and is insoluble in water.  It has a flash point of 70 deg. F.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It is used as a fuel. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  68¦ F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  2 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  100 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  347¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  <-150¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  18 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.07 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  231¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  105.1 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  500 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  25 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  40 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slight (NIOSH, 1997)

Firefighting:
Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Solid streams of water may be ineffective.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
Contact with either strong oxidizers or with combustibles may cause fires and explosions.Polymerization: Will not polymerize. (USCG, 1999)

Symptoms:
in animals: irritation eyes, skin; methemoglobinemia, anoxia, cyanosis; dyspnea (breathing difficulty), weakness, dizziness, headache

Health Effects:
cumulative systemic effects; methemoglobinemia; irritation-skin---moderate

Physical Description:
Colorless to straw-colored liquid with an ether-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irrit eyes, skin; methemo, anoxia, cyan; dysp, weak, dizz, head


General Desc:
Amyl acetate is a clear colorless liquid having a banana-like odor.  The flash point may vary from 65 deg. F.  to 95 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and slightly soluble in water.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It weighs 7.2 lbs./gal. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  106¦ F ( (oc)) (iso-):  69¦F (cc) (n-):  91¦F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.1 %  (n) (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.5 %  (n) (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  680¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  < -148¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  5.17 mm (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity:  0.86 (¬ AAR, 1999)

Boiling Point:  295¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  130.19 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  1000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  50 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.2% (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.  Apply approriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use surface active agent (e.g.  detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by epa.  Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increase effectiveness of booms.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Nitrates; strong oxidizers, alkalis & acids (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
eye, nose irritation; narcosis; dermatitis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat---moderate; central nervous system depression

Synonyms:
Amyl acetic ester, Amyl acetic ether, 1-Pentanol acetate, Pentyl ester of acetic acid, Primary amyl acetate

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a persistent banana-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose; derm; possible CNS depres, narco


General Desc:
N-butyl glycidyl ether is a light yellow liquid.  It has a flash point of approximately 164 deg. F.  It is heavier than water and the vapors are heavier than air.  The vapors may be irritating to the nose, throat and respiratory track.  Ingestion may cause central nervous system depression.  Liquid contact may be severely irritating to the eyes and irritating to the skin.  Prolonged contact with the skin can cause defatting and drying.  Inhalation of vapors may cause central nervous system depression. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  164¦ F (unspc) approx. (¬ AAR, 1999)

First Aid:
Move victim to fresh air; call emergency medical care.  If not breathing, give artificial respiration.  If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.  In case of contact with material, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes.  Wash skin with soap and water.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes at the site.  Do not induce vomiting without medical advice. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Solid streams of water may spread fire.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose irritation; skin irritation, sensitization; narcosis

Health Effects:
chronic (cumulative) toxicity--- mutagen; irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---mild

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with an irritating odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose; skin sens; narco; possible hemato effects; CNS depres


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  White crystalline solid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  203-208¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  297.27 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)


General Desc:
Vinyltoluenes, inhibited is also known as methyl styrene.  It is a clear colorless liquid with an aromatic odor.  It has a flash point of 130 deg. F.  If it is subject to polymerization with release of heat.  If the polymerization takes place inside a container, it is subject to violent rupture.  The material is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It weighs about 7.5 lbs./gal.  It is used as a solvent and to make other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  130¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.9% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  6.1% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  914¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -103 to -94¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1.1 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  4.08 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.9028 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  338¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  118.18 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  400 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  50 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 76.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Polymerizes readily with liberation of heat.  (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 961 (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; drowsiness; in animals: narcosis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate; central nervous system effects;

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a strong, disagreeable odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; drowsiness; in animals: narcosis


Properties:
Flash Point:  >200¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  286.31 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 72.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)


General Desc:
Carbon tetrabromide is a colorless crystalline solid.  It weighs much more than water and is insoluble in water.  It is toxic via ingestion and its vapors are narcotic in high concentration.  It is used to make other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  194¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  40 mm at 205¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  3.42 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  374¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  331.7 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  0.3 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.02% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Strong oxidizers, hexacyclohexyldilead, lithium (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; lacrimation (discharge of tears); lung, liver, kidney injury; in animals: corneal damage

Synonyms:
Carbon bromide, Methane tetrabromide, Tetrabromomethane

Physical Description:
Colorless to yellow-brown crystals with a slight odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; lac; lung, liver, kidney inj; in animals: corn damage


General Desc:
Carbon tetrachloride is a clear colorless heavy liquid with a characteristic odor.  It is heavier than water and insoluble in water.  It is non-combustible.  It may cause illness by inhalation, skin absorption and/or ingestion.  It weighs 13.2 lbs./gal.  It is used as a solvent, in the manufacture of other chemicals, as an agricultural fumigant, and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  91 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 113 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  5.3 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.5940 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  170.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  153.82 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  200 ppm; Not applicable for Carbon tetrachloride, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm, Animal carcinogen. Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  10 ppm, Animal carcinogen. Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  20 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  100 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  750 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER:  Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.  Combustion products include corrosive or toxic vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.  Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill.    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A commonly used liquid in fire extinguishers to combat small fires. It has no flash point, it is not flammable. However, when heated to decomposition, it will emit fumes of extremely toxic phosgene and of hydrogen chloride. Forms explosive mixtures with chlorine trifluoride, calcium hypochlorite, decaborane, dinitrogen tetroxide, fluorine. Forms impact-sensitive explosive mixtures with particles of many metals: lithium, sodium, potassium, beryllium, zinc, aluminum, barium. Vigorous exothermic reaction with allyl alcohol, boron trifluoride, diborane, disilane, aluminum chloride, dibenzoyl peroxide, potassium tert-butoxide, liquid oxygen, zirconium. [Bretherics, 5th ed., 1995, p. 666]. Potentially dangerous reaction with dimethylformamide or dimethylacetamide in presence of iron [Cardillo, P. et al., Ann. Chim. (Rome), 1984, 74, p. 129). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

PEL NOTES:
PEAK = 200 ppm FOR A 5 MINUTE INTERVAL DURING ANY 4 HOURS

Carcinogen:
IARC-2B, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, TLV-A2, EPA-B2

Symptoms:
central nervous system depression; nausea, vomiting; liver, kidney damage; skin irritation; (carcinogenic)

Target Organ:
central nervous system, eyes, lungs, liver, kidneys, skin

Synonyms:
Carbon chloride, Carbon tet, Freon®10, Halon®104, Tetrachloromethane

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a characteristic ether-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; CNS depres; nau, vomit; liver, kidney inj; drow, dizz, inco; [carc]


