# Chemical

General Desc:
1,2-Dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane is a colorless, nearly odorless nonflammable gas.  It may be mildly toxic and irritating by inhalation.  It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air.  Exposure of the container to prolonged heat or fire can cause it to rupture violently and rocket.  It is used as a solvent and as a fire extinguishing agent. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -137¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  2616.02 mm (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Density (air = 1):  1.455 at 77.0¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Boiling Point:  38.8¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  170.93 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  15000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1000 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

First Aid:
INHALATION: Remove to fresh air. If breathing has stopped, give artificial respiration.  If breathing is difficult, give oxygen.  EYES: Flush with water for at least 15 minutes.  SKIN: Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash affected areas with soap and water. (USCG, 1999)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Do not use water on material itself.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
Chemically-active metals such as sodium, potassium, calcium, powdered aluminum, zinc & magnesium; acids; acid fumes

Symptoms:
respiratory irritation, asphyxia; cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest

Synonyms:
1,2-Dichlorotetrafluoroethane; Freon®114; Genetron®114; Halon®242; Refrigerant 114

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a faint, ether-like odor at high concentrations.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit resp sys; asphy; card arrhy, card arrest; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Clear slightly yellow liquid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  174¦ F (cc) (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0.2 mm at 77¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.1044 at 81¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  117-120¦ F at 1.8 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  111.10 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then use absorbent paper to pick up liquid spill material.  Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with toluene followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do no reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fires involving this compound should be controlled using a dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam or Halon extinguisher. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose; blurred vision, lacrimation (discharge of tears); rhinitis

Synonyms:
Mecrylate, Methyl cyanoacrylate, Methyl alpha-cyanoacrylate, Methyl ester of 2-cyanoacrylic acid

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose; blurred vision, lac; rhinitis


General Desc:
Methylcyclohexanols are colorless viscous liquids with a menthol-like odor.  It is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  It has a flash point of 136 deg. F.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It may be toxic by ingestion.  It is used as a solvent and to make soaps and detergents. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  136¦ F (unspc) (¬ AAR, 1999)

Melting Point:  -58¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  2 mm at 86¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.92 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  311-356 (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  114.2 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  500 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  50 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  75 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  4% (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
headaches; eye, skin, upper respiratory system irritation;  in animals:  narcosis; liver, kidney damage

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---mild; narcosis; cumulative liver and kidney damage

Physical Description:
Straw-colored liquid with a weak odor like coconut oil.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; head; in animals: narco; liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
Isooctyl alcohol, is a clear colorless liquid with a faint pleasant odor.  It has a flash point of 180 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It is used as a solvent, in the making of cutting and lubricating oils, in hydraulic fluids, and in the production of other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  180¦ F (oc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  0.9 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  5.7 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  530¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  <212¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  1.03 mm (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity:  0.83 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  367¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  130.22 (USCG, 1999)

TLV TWA:  50 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; eye, skin burns

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; eye, skin burns


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Oily liquid or solid crystals

Odor: Slight dead fish or ammonia odor

Color: Liquid is colorless; Solid is white

Characteristics in Water: Sinks and mixes with water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  279¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.6% (calculated) (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  9.8% (estimated) (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1224¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  82¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  5 mm Hg at 280¦ F; <0.01 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.65 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.0966 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  516.4¦ F (Decomposes) (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  105.14 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  0.46 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 57¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Flush with water (USCG, 1999)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Addition of water may cause frothing.Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water, alcohol foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is hygroscopic.  It may be sensitive to exposure to air and light.REACTIVITY:  This compound can react with oxidizing materials, acids, CO2, copper alloys, aluminum, zinc, galvanized iron and copper. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; eye burns, corneal necrosis; skin burns; lacrimation (discharge of tears), cough, sneezing

Synonyms:
DEA; Di(2-hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2'-Dihydroxydiethyamine; Diolamine; bis(2-Hydroxyethyl)amine; 2,2'-Iminodiethanol

Physical Description:
Colorless crystals or a syrupy, white liquid (above 82ºF) with a mild, ammonia-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; eye burns, corn nec; skin burns; lac, cough, sneez


General Desc:
2,2'-Dichloroethyl ether is a clear colorless liquid with a sweet pleasant or nauseating odor.  It has a flash point of 131 deg. F.  It is heavier than water and is insoluble in water.  It is toxic by inhalation and skin absorption.  When heated to high temperatures it may form phosgene or hydrogen.  It is used in cleaning compounds, paints, textile finishing, and as a general solvent. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  131¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.7 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Auto Igtn Temp:  696¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -58¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.7 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  4.93 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.2199 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  352¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  143.02 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  100 ppm; Not applicable for Dichloroethyl ether, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  10 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reaction (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Dichloroethyl Ether Exposure: Acute exposure to dichloroethyl ether may produce the following signs and symptoms: irritation of the eyes, skin, and mucous membranes, profuse tearing, coughing, retching, and vomiting. Contact with skin and eyes may cause burns.  Respiratory signs may include irritation of the respiratory tract, which may progress to pulmonary edema. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to dichloroethyl ether may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should  avoid self-exposure to dichloroethyl ether. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory  rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected,  provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial  respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100%  humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from  the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel  should avoid self-exposure to dichloroethyl ether. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory  rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected,  provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial  respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100%  humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as  possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with  lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from  the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory  rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected,  provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial  respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100%  humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from  the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac. If  elapsed time since ingestion of dichloroethyl ether is  unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do  not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4. Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months  of age. Warning: Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only  if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and  show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY  uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended:  children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1  to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities  of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15  minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to  ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting  has not occurred within 15 minutes after second  administration of Ipecac, administer activated  charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are  conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for  children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125  to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims. Children  require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to  100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Wear full protective clothing.  Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.Use water, foam, mist, fog, spray, or dry chemical.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:   It has been determined experimentally that a mixture of beryllium powder with carbon tetrachloride or with trichloroethylene will flash or spark on heavy impact, ASESB Pot. Incid. 39(1968). Mixing dichloroethyl ether in equal molar portions with the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid and oleum,  NFPA 1991. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
lacrimation; nose, throat irritation, cough; nausea, vomiting (carcinogenic).  in animals:  pulmonary irritation, edema; liver damage

Synonyms:
bis(2-Chloroethyl)ether; 2,2'-Dichlorodiethyl ether, 2,2'-Dichloroethyl ether

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a chlorinated solvent-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit nose, throat, resp sys; lac; cough; nau, vomit; in animals: pulm edema; liver damage; [carc]


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Clear colorless liquid.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Odorless. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  162¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -49¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.9 mm Hg at 77¦ F; 2.5 mm Hg at 151¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.15 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.1143 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  333¦ F (with decomposition) (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  74.08 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  150 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should protect this chemical from exposure to light.  Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store under refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to moisture.  It is also sensitive to light.  It may polymerize if heated above room temperature.  It may darken on storage.  Stability studies of this chemical stored for two week protected from light indicated definite decomposition at 140 F, and strongly indicated instability at 77 F.  A solution of this compound in water was found to be unstable when stored at room temperature, even after one day in the dark.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours when kept refrigerated.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizers.  It will undergo explosive decomposition in the presence of strong acids or bases, salts (such as aluminum chloride, iron(III)chloride or tin(IV) chloride) or metals (such as copper and zinc).  It is also incompatible with nitrates.  It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat, and skin irritation; narcosis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate; central nervous system effects; mutagen

Synonyms:
2,3-Epoxy-1-propanol; Epoxypropyl alcohol; Glycide; Hydroxymethyl ethylene oxide; 2-Hydroxymethyl oxiran; 3-Hydroxypropylene oxide


General Desc:
Pentachloroethane is a colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor.  It is insoluble in water and heavier than water.  It is toxic by inhalation and ingestion.  It may also be irritating to skin and eyes.  It is used as a solvent. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -20¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  3.4 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 6 mm Hg at 86¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  7.2 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.6796 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  324¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  202.3 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.  The neat compound is stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  A mixture of this compound with potassium may explode after a short delay.  Reaction with alkalies or metals will produce a violent reaction.  This compound also reacts violently with NaK alloy + bromoform.  It is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
in animals: irritation eyes, skin; weakness, restlessness, irregular/irregularities respiration, muscle incoordination; liver, kidney, lung changes

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a sweetish, chloroform-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irrit eyes, skin; weak, restless, irreg respiration, musc inco; liver, kidney, lung changes

86 REL Notes:
Handle with care in the workplace (chloroethanes)


General Desc:
Amyl mercaptan is a clear, colorless to light yellow liquid with an offensive odor.  It has a flash point of 65 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It may be toxic by inhalation. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  65¦ F (oc) (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -105¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  14 mm at 77¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.84 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  248¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  104.2 (USCG, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Oxidizers, reducing agents, alkali metals, calcium hypochlorite, concentrated nitric acid (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, respiratory system; headache, nausea, dizziness; vomiting, diarrhea; dermatitis, skin sensitization

Synonyms:
Amyl hydrosulfide, Amyl mercaptan, Amyl sulfhydrate, Pentyl mercaptan

Physical Description:
Water-white to yellowish liquid with a strong, garlic-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat, resp sys; head, nau, dizz; vomit, diarr; derm, skin sens


General Desc:
Iron oxide (or) sponge, spent is iron sponge saturated with sulfur from gas purification.  It is quite liable to spontaneous heating.  This heat may be sufficient to ignite the iron mass.  It is also fairly easily ignited by sparks or heat from external sources.  It is used for precipitating copper or lead from solutions of their salts and in electric furnace steel operations. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Iron(II) oxide - the finely divided oxide prepared by reduction may be pyrophoric in air at ambient temperature, Bailar, 1973, vol.3, 1008-1009.CHEMICAL PROFILE:   Many serious accidents have occurred that caused explosions in the container. Oxygen is generated by the reaction of calcium hypochlorite and iron oxide or manganese oxide, Ind. Eng. Chem. 16:577(1924). Alkali metal hydroxides, acids, anhydrous chlorides of iron, tin, and aluminum, pure oxides of iron and aluminum, and metallic potassium are some of the catalysts that may cause ethylene oxide to rearrange and polymerize, liberating heat, J. Soc. Chem. Ind. 68:179(1949). Explosions occur , although infrequently, from the combination of ethylene oxide and alcohols or mercaptans, Chem. Eng. News 20:1318(1942). While boiling a piece of polester fiber in hydrazine in a glass beaker, the technician used a somewhat rusty pair of metal tweezers. When the tweezers were put into the solution it ignited, MCA Case History 1893(1973). A pyrophoric iron sulfide was made from hydrated iron oxide and hydrogen sulfide under gasoline, Ellern, p33(1968). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

TLV NOTES:
TLV WITHDRAWN - SEE IRON OXIDE, 'CONTAINING NO ASBESTOS AND <1% CRYSTALLINE SILICA

Symptoms:
benign pneumoconiosis, x-ray shadows indistinguishable from fibrotic pneumoconiosis

Notes 2:
[Note: Exposure to fume may occur during the arc-welding of iron.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Benign pneumoconiosis with X-ray shadows indistinguishable from fibrotic pneumoconiosis (siderosis)


Properties:
Flash Point:  63¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  0.9 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  6.7 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  869¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -13 to -9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  10 mm Hg at 89.8¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.66 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.897 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  289-293¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  106.17 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  900 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  150 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NTP, 1992)


Symptoms:
irritation eyes, nose; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), wheezing, cyanosis; dermatitis, sensitization skin; lymphocytosis

Synonyms:
Synonyms vary depending upon the specific soluble platinum salt.

Physical Description:
Appearance and odor vary depending upon the specific soluble platinum salt.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irritation eyes, nose; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), wheezing, cyanosis; dermatitis, sensitization skin; lymphocytosis


Synonyms:
Calcium sulfate hemihydrate, Dried calcium sulfate, Gypsum hemihydrate, Hemihydrate gypsum

Physical Description:
White or yellowish, finely divided, odorless powder.


General Desc:
Benzidine is a greyish yellow to greyish red crystalline solid.  It is soluble in hot water.  It is toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during the combustion of this material.  It is used to make other chemicals, and in chemical and biological analysis. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  262¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  Low (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Density:  6.36 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.250 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  752¦ F at 740 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  184.23 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  Confirmed human carcinogen.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound darkens on exposure to air and light.REACTIVITY:  This compound is a weak base that forms insoluble salts with sulfuric acid.  It can be diazotized, acetylated and alkylated.  It is hypergolic with red fuming nitric acid. (NTP, 1992)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION; USE 29 CFR 1910.1003

Carcinogen:
IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-K (INCLUDING DYES THAT METABOLIZE TO BENZIDIENE), OSHA-Ca, TLV-A1, EPA-K

Symptoms:
hematuria; secondary anemia from hemolysis; acute cystitis; acute liver disorders; dermatitis; painful and irregular urination; (carcinogenic)

Synonyms:
Benzidine-based dyes; 4,4'-Bianiline; 4,4'-Biphenyldiamine; 1,1'-Biphenyl-4,4'-diamine; 4,4'-Diaminobiphenyl; p-Diaminodiphenyl

Physical Description:
Grayish-yellow, reddish-gray, or white crystalline powder.

Notes 2:
[Note: Darkens on exposure to air and light.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Hema; secondary anemia from hemolysis; acute cystitis; acute liver disorders; derm; painful, irreg urination; [carc]


General Desc:
Acetaldehyde is a clear colorless liquid with a pungent choking odor.  A synonym for acetaldehyde is ethyl aldehyde, it has a flash point of -36 deg. F.  and a boiling point of 69 deg. F.  It is flammable over a wide vapor-air concentration range.  Its vapors are irritating to the mucous membranes and especially the eyes.  It is easily oxidized by air to form unstable peroxides which may explode.  If it becomes contaminated, it may either react with the contaminant or polymerize, both with the evolution of heat.  It is lighter than water and soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It weighs 6.5 lbs./gal.  It is used to make other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -40¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  4% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  57% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  365¦ F; 300¦ F; 347¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -190.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  400 mm Hg at 40.8¦ F; 760 mm Hg at 68.4¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  1.52 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.778 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  44.06 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2000 ppm; Not applicable for Acetaldehyde, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  25 ppm, Animal carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  10 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  200 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  1000 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.1-1.0 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.  Neutralize with sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4).    Water spill:  Add sodium bisulfate (NaHSO4).  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  It forms explosive mixture with air above 100 C (30-60% of the vapor in air) owing to formation of peroxyacetic acid [White, A. G. et al., J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 1950, 69, p. 206). CHEMICAL PROFILE:  In contact with strong acids, bases or traces of metals it will undergo a violent, exothermic condensation reaction. It can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents . It can react violently with acid anhydrides, alcohols, ketones, phenols, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, halogens, phosphorus, isocyanates, and aliphatic amines. Reactions with cobalt chloride, mercury(II) chlorate or perchlorate form sensitive, explosive products [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 5]. An xygenation reaction of acetaldehyde in the presence of cobalt acetate at -20 C exploded violently on stirring due to peroxyacetate formation [Phillips B. et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1957, 79, p. 5982]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION (LOQ 18 ppm)

Carcinogen:
TLV-A3, IARC-2B, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, EPA-B2

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; conjunctivitis; cough; central nervous system depression; eye, skin burns; dermatitis; delayed pulmonary edema

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; narcosis; kidney damage; LD50 (oral, rat) 1930 mg/kg

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, kidneys, central nervous system, reproductive system

Synonyms:
Acetic aldehyde, Ethanal, Ethyl aldehyde

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid or gas (above 69ºF) with a pungent, fruity odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; eye, skin burns; derm; conj; cough; CNS depres; delayed pulm edema; in animals: kidney, repro, terato effects; [carc]


General Desc:
Ethyl mercaptan is a clear colorless liquid with an overpowering, garlic-like odor.  It also smells like a skunk.  It has a flash point of -55 deg. F.  and a boiling point of 97 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and is very slightly soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  Breathing vapors may irritate nose and throat.  It may be toxic if swallowed, by inhalation or by contact.  It is added to natural gas as an odorant and is also used as a stabilizer for adhesives. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  <0¦ F (oc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.8 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  18 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  572¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -234¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  442 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.84 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  93.9¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  62.1 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  500 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.5 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.7% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A low boiling liquid (bp 36 C), a very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. It reacts violently with calcium hypochlorate, it can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents. On contact with strong acids or when heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of sulfur oxides [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 1575]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
headaches; nausea; mucous membrane, irritation; in animals: incoordination; weakness; pulmonary irritation; liver, kidney damage; cyanosis

Target Organ:
eyes, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, blood

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a strong, skunk-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit muc memb; head, nau; in animals: inco, weak; liver, kidney damage; cyan; narco


General Desc:
Dichloromethane is a colorless liquid with a sweet, penetrating, ether-like odor.  Although it is nonflammable, if exposed to high temperatures it may emit toxic chloride fumes.  Dichloromethane vapors are narcotic in high concentrations.  It is used as a solvent and paint remover. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  12% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  19% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1184¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -142.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  440 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.93 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.326 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  103.6¦ F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  84.93 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2300 ppm; Not applicable for Methylene chloride, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  50 ppm  Suspected human carcinogen. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  500 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  200 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  750 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  4000 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  10-50 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to heat.  It is also sensitive to exposure to moisture.  It is subject to slow hydrolysis which is accelerated by light.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical reacts vigorously with active metals such as lithium, sodium and potassium, and with strong bases such as potassium tert-butoxide.  It is incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong caustics and chemically active metals such as aluminum or magnesium powders.   The liquid will attack some forms of plastic, rubber and coatings.  This compound reacts with sodium-potassium alloy, (potassium hydrogen + N-methyl-N-nitrosurea), nitrogen tetroxide and liquid oxygen.  It also reacts with titanium.  On contact with water it corrodes iron, some stainless steels, copper and nickel.  It is incompatible with alkali metals.  It is incompatible with amines, zinc and alloys of aluminum, magnesium and zinc.  This compound is liable to explode when mixed with dinitrogen pentoxide or nitric acid.  Mixtures of this compound in air with methanol vapor are flammable. (NTP, 1992)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); Reduce exposure to LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION

Carcinogen:
EPA-B2, IARC-2B, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A3

Symptoms:
fatigue, weakness, sleepiness, lightheadedness; numbness limbs, tingling; nausea; eye, skin irritation [potential occupational carcinogen]

Health Effects:
chemical anoxia (metabolic conversion to CO); cumulative liver damage; central nervous system effects/narcosis; mutagen

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, cardiovascular system, central nervous system

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; ftg, weak, som, li-head; numb, tingle limbs; nau; [carc]

86 REL Notes:
Carcinogen; reduce exposure to lowest feasible limit


General Desc:
Dicrotophos is a yellow to brown liquid with a mild ester odor.

This material is used to control sucking, boring, and chewing pests on rice, cotton, coffee, apples, and other crops. Effective on ornamentals, trees, and shrubs for aphids, leaf hoppers, and scale insects. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Flash Point:  Above 175F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  1e-05 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.22 at 59 ¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  752¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  237.21 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  0.25 mg/m3  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Miscible (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Note: Dicrotophos is a cholinesterase inhibitor. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Dicrotophos Exposure: Acute exposure to dicrotophos may produce the following signs and symptoms: pinpoint pupils, blurred vision, headache, dizziness, muscle spasms, and profound weakness.  Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, seizures, and coma may also occur.  The heart rate may decrease following oral exposure or increase following dermal exposure.  Hypotension (low blood pressure) is not uncommon.  Respiratory symptoms include dyspnea (shortness of breath), respiratory depression, and respiratory paralysis.  Psychosis may occur. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to dicrotophos may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to dicrotophos. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to dicrotophos. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas three times with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of dicrotophos is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of dicrotophos may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
(Non-Specific -- Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, n.o.s.) Do not touch spilled material; stop leak if you can do so without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors. Small spills: absorb with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and place into containers for later disposal.  Small dry spills: with clean shovel place material into clean, dry container and cover; move containers from spill area. Large spills: dike far ahead of spill for later disposal. Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing at the site. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
(Non-Specific -- Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, n.o.s.) Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing.(Non-Specific -- Organophosphorus Pesticide, Liquid, n.o.s.) Extinguish with dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Metals [Note: Corrosive to cast iron, mild steel, brass & stainless steel.] (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
headache, nausea, dizziness, anxiety, restlessness, muscle twitching, weakness, tremor, incoordination, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea; salivation, sweating, lacrimation (discharge of tears), rhinitis; anorexia, malaise (vague feeling of discomfort)

Health Effects:
cholinesterase inhibition; LD50 (oral, rat) 16 mg/kg

Target Organ:
central nervous system, blood cholinesterase

Physical Description:
Yellow-brown liquid with a mild, ester odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Head, nau, dizz, anxiety, restless, musc twitch, weak, tremor, inco, vomit, abdom cramps, diarr; salv, sweat, lac, rhinitis; anor, mal


General Desc:
Camphor is a colorless or white colored crystalline powder, with a strong mothball-like odor.  It is slightly soluble in water and weighs about the same as water.  When heated to above 150 deg. F.  It will emit flammable vapors.  It is used to make moth proofings, pharmaceuticals, and flavorings. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  150¦ F (cc) (NIOSH, 1997)

Lower Exp Limit:  0.6 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Upper Exp Limit:  3.5 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Melting Point:  345¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0.2 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.99 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  399¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  152.3 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  200 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  2 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  3 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Solid streams of water may be ineffective.  Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Naphthalene, camphor, glycerol, or turpentine will react violently with chromic anhydride (Haz. Chem. Data 1967 p. 68). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; headaches, dizziness; excitement; irrational; epileptiform convulsions

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate; acute toxicity---short-term high hazard effects; central nervous system effects

Synonyms:
2-Camphonone, Gum camphor, Laurel camphor, Synthetic camphor

Physical Description:
Colorless or white crystals with a penetrating, aromatic odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; nau, vomit, diarr; head, dizz, excitement, epilep convuls


General Desc:
Heptachlor is a white to light tan waxy looking solid.  It is non-combustible.  It is insoluble in water.  It can cause illness by inhalation, skin absorption and/or ingestion.  The primary hazard is the threat posed to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  It is used as an insecticide. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  203-205¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0003 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.57-1.59 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  373.32 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  35 mg/m3; Not applicable for Heptachlor, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.05 mg/m3  Skin, Suspected Human Carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal lab conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong alkali.  It is corrosive to metals.  It can react with iron and rust to form toxic gases.  It can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.  It is susceptible to epoxidation. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
in animals: tremors, convulsions, liver damage;  (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
mutagen; cumulative liver damage; central nervous system effects (convulsions)

Physical Description:
White to light-tan crystals with a camphor-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: tremor, convuls; liver damage; [carc]


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Oily liquid

Odor: Mild skunk odor

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Floats on water.  Freezing point is 19ºF. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  190¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  19¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  <1 mm Hg (estimated) (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  >1 (estimated) (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.845 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  511-541¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  202.41 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with alcohol followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and protect it from moisture. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water or foam may cause frothing.Fire Extinguishing Agents: Dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is air and moisture sensitive.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with bases, oxidizing agents, reducing agents and alkali metals.  It will react vigorously with water or steam.  It is easily oxidized to disulfide. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; cough; dizziness, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), weakness, confusion, cyanosis; abdominal pain, nausea; skin sensitization

Synonyms:
Dodecyl mercaptan, 1-Dodecyl mercaptan, n-Dodecyl mercaptan, Lauryl mercaptan, n-Lauryl mercaptan, 1-Mercaptododecane

Physical Description:
Colorless, water-white, or pale-yellow, oily liquid with a mild, skunk-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; cough; dizz, dysp, weak, conf, cyan; abdom pain, nau; skin sens


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  White to pale green crystals; off-white solid.

PHYSICAL DATA:  The pure compound is odorless, but the technical product may have an amine odor. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  486¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  397-399¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  <1 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  446-595 (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  102.16 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  1-5 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If a spill of this chemical occurs, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with acetone and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with acetone to pick up any remaining material.  Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should protect this material from exposure to light.  Keep it away from oxidizing materials and store it under ambient temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO or 95% ethanol should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions Solutions in acetone may be decomposed by ultraviolet radiation.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. (NTP, 1992)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION, USE IN ENCAPSULATED FORM

Symptoms:
irritation eyes; in animals: thickening of the skin; goiter; teratogenic effects; potential occupational carcinogen

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, thyroid, reproductive system

Physical Description:
White to pale-green, crystalline solid with a faint, amine odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Used as an accelerator in the curing of polychloroprene & other elastomers.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes; in animals: thickening of the skin; goiter; terato effects; [carc]

86 REL Notes:
Carcinogen; should be used in encapsulated form; worker exposure to be minimized


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Dark gray crystals with metallic sheen; gray powder. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  2260¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  5.31 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  144.64 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound can react with steam, acids and acid fumes.  The molten form attacks quartz. (NTP, 1992)


General Desc:
Chlordane, liquid is the solution of chlordane, a clear colorless, odorless liquid in a solvent.  It has a flash point below 141 deg. F.  It is generally heavier than water and insoluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It is toxic by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption.  It weight 13.3 #/gal. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  133¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  Flammable/combustible. (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  Flammable/combustible. (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  410¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  223-225¦ F (cis); 219-221¦ F (trans) (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1e-05 mm at 77¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  14 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.57-1.63 at 59.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  347¦ F at 2 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  409.8 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  100 mg/m3; Not applicable for Chlordane, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 73¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Acute Chlordane exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to chlordane may be severe and include headache, dizziness, increased sensitivity to stimuli, agitation, nervousness, tremor, seizures, and coma.  Convulsive episodes may alternate with periods of severe central nervous system depression.  Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are common.  Hypertension (high blood pressure), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), and cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal heart beating) may be noted.  Respiratory depression may lead to respiratory arrest.  Contact with the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes may result in redness and irritation.  Victims often have an elevated temperature. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to chlordane may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to chlordane. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to chlordane. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas three times.  Wash initially with soap and water, follow with an alcohol wash, then again with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of chlordane is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of chlordane may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3- 1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Combustion products include corrosive or toxic vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.  Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill.    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Isolate for 1/2-mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in the fire.Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, and foam. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. Move containers from fire area if it can be done without risk. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water from the side until well after fire is out. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizers.  It decomposes in weak alkalies.  It is also decomposed by sodium in isopropyl alcohol.  It is corrosive to iron, zinc and various protective coatings.  It attacks some forms of plastics and rubber. (NTP, 1992)

Carcinogen:
IARC-2B, NIOSH-Ca, TLV-A3, EPA-L* *CAS: 12789-03-6

Symptoms:
blurred vision; confusion; ataxia; delirium; coughing; abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; irritability; tremors, convulsions; anuria.  in animals:  lung, liver, kidney damage

Target Organ:
central nervous system, eyes, lungs, liver, kidneys

Physical Description:
Amber-colored, viscous liquid with a pungent, chlorine-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Blurred vision; conf; ataxia, delirium; cough; abdom pain, nau, vomit, diarr; irrity, tremor, convuls; anuria; in animals: lung, liver, kidney damage; [carc]


General Desc:
beta-Naphthylamine is a white to reddish colored solid in the form of flakes.  It is slightly soluble in hot water and heavier than water.  It is toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.  It is used to make dyes and agricultural chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  315¦ F (cc) (NIOSH, 1997)

Melting Point:  232-235¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 226.4¦ F; 5 mm Hg at 286.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  4.95 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.061 at 208¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  583¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  143.18 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  Confirmed human carcinogen. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical darkens in air to a reddish-purple color (oxidizes).REACTIVITY:  This chemical is a weak base.  It is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong acids.  It is also incompatible with nitrous acid.  It reduces warm ammoniacal silver nitrate. (NTP, 1992)

Carcinogen:
IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-K, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A1

Symptoms:
dermatitis; hemorrhagic cystitis; dyspnea; ataxia; methemoglobinemia, hematuria, dysuria; (carcinogenic)

Physical Description:
Odorless, white to red crystals with a faint, aromatic odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Derm; hemorrhagic cystitis; dysp; ataxia; methemo, hema; dysuria; [carc]


Properties:
Melting Point:  270-271¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  788¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  253.13 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  Sol(59¦F): 0.07% (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  You should dampen the solid spill material with acetone, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with acetone to pick up any remaining material.  Seal your contaminated clothing and the adsorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminate area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should protect this chemical from exposure to light.  Keep the container tightly closed under an inert atmosphere, and store it in a freezer. (NTP, 1992)

Carcinogen:
IARC-2B, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A3, EPA-B2

Symptoms:
allergic skin reaction, sensitization; headaches; dizziness; caustic burns; frequent urination, dysuria, hematuria; gastrointestinal upset; upper respiratory infection; dermatitis; [carcinogenic]

Target Organ:
bladder, liver, lung, skin, gastrointestinal tract

Synonyms:
4,4'-Diamino-3,3'-dichlorobiphenyl; Dichlorobenzidine base; o,o'-Dichlorobenzidine; 3,3'-Dichlorobiphenyl-4,4'-diamine; 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-biphenyldiamine; 3,3'-Dichloro-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl

Exposure Symptoms:
Skin sens, derm; head, dizz; caustic burns; frequent urination, dysuria; hema; GI upset; upper resp infection; [carc]


General Desc:
A white or pale yellow solid.  Melting point 69.5°C.

First Aid:
Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Apply artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; induce artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves.

Nonfire Spill Response:
Do not touch damaged containers or spilled material unless wearing appropriate protective clothing. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. Prevent entry into waterways, sewers, basements or confined areas. Cover with plastic sheet to prevent spreading . Absorb or cover with dry earth, sand or other non-combustible material and transfer to containers. DO NOT GET WATER INSIDE CONTAINERS. (DOT ERG 2000)

Firefighting:
Small fires: Dry chemical, CO2 or water spray. Large fires: Water spray, fog or regular foam. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Use water spray; do not use straight streams. Fire involving tanks or car/trailer loads: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Do not get water inside containers. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. (DOT ERG 2000)

Reactivity:
Insoluble in cold water. Soluble in hot water.
Stable during transport.  (TOXNET HSDB)
P-CHLOROANILINE is incompatible with oxidizing agents.  Also incompatible with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides and chloroformates.  Subject to exothermic decomposition during high-temperature distillation.  Incompatible with nitrous acid.

Symptoms:
Irritating to the eyes, skin redness and irritation, wheezing, coughing, shortness or breath, or burning in the mouth, thoat, or chest.

Synonyms:
P-AMINOCHLOROBENZENE, 1-AMINO-4-CHLOROBENZENE, P-CHLOROANILINE, P-CHLOROBENZENAMINE, 4-CHLOROBENZAMINE

Physical Description:
Colorless crystals, slightly sweetish characteristic amine odor.

Notes 2:
IT IS LESS HAZARDOUS THAN ANILINE OR MONONITROBENZENE IN INDUSTRIAL EXPOSURES. RELATIVELY LOW VAPOR PRESSURE, BUT PRECAUTION SHOULD BE TAKEN TO AVOID INHALATION OF VAPORS. (Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology: Volume 2A, 2B, 2C: Toxicology)


General Desc:
Biphenyl is a clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.  It has a flash point of 180 deg. F.  and is insoluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It is used to manufacture other chemicals and as a fungicide. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  235¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  0.6% @ 232¦ F. (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  5.8% @ 331¦ F. (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1004¦F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  156-160¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.005 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.041 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  489-491¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  154.22 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  100 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.2 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with oxidizers. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
throat, eye irritation; headaches; nausea; fatigue; numbness of limbs; liver damage

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, bronchi, lungs---moderate; central nervous system effects

Physical Description:
Colorless to pale-yellow solid with a pleasant, characteristic odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, throat; head, nau, ftg, numb limbs; liver damage


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Colorless to yellowish-brown crystals; light brown solid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  >235¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  842¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  127¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm at 227¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.160 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  576¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  169.23 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If a spill of this chemical occurs, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with acetone and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with acetone to pick up any remaining material.  Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with acetone followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should keep this material in a tightly closed container under an inert atmosphere, and store it at refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is oxidized by air (darkens on oxidation).  It is sensitive to heat.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizers.  It is also incompatible with acids and acid anhydrides.  It is a weak base that forms salts with compounds such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.  It can be diazotized, acetylated and alkylated. (NTP, 1992)

Carcinogen:
IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A1, NTP-K

Symptoms:
headaches, lethargy, dizziness; dyspnea; ataxia, weakness; methemoglobinemia; urinary burning; acute hemorrhage cystitis, (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
cancer---currently regulated by OSHA as carcinogen; chiefly work practice standards; LD50 (oral, rat) 500 mg/kg; skin absorption: yes

Notes 2:
[Note: Turns purple on contact with air.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Head, dizz; leth, dysp; ataxia, weak; methemo; urinary burning; acute hemorrhagic cystitis; [carc]


General Desc:
Adiponitrile is a colorless to light colored solid, or the solid in a solution.  It is insoluble in water and weighs more than water.  Contact with the material may cause irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  It may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  199.4¦ F (oc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  1 % at 392F (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  at 392F (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1022¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  36.1¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  2 mm Hg at 246¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.73 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.962 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  563¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  108.16 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  2 ppm, Skin (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  50-100 mg/mL at 73¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed.  Caution is advised.  Vital signs should be monitored closely. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Adiponitrile Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to adiponitrile may include tightness of the chest and tachypnea (rapid respiratory rate).  Tachycardia (rapid heart rate), hypotension (low blood pressure), and cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membranes) may also occur.  Victims may experience headache, weakness, dizziness, difficulty in standing, dilated pupils, confusion, and seizures.  Vomiting has been reported.  Adiponitrile may irritate or burn the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to adiponitrile may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  All exposed persons should be transported to a health care facility as quickly as possible.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to adiponitrile. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with adiponitrile-contaminated persons or their gastric contents can result in self-poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to adiponitrile. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with adiponitrile-contaminated persons or their gastric contents can result in self-poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 5.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 6.  Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with adiponitrile-contaminated persons or their gastric contents can result in self-poisoning. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  DO NOT induce vomiting.  Ipecac is not recommended for ingestion of adiponitrile. 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Wear chemical protective suit with self-contained breathing apparatus. Cool exposed containers with water.Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizers.  It is also incompatible with strong acids, strong bases and strong reducing agents. (NTP, 1992)

Physical Description:
Water-white, practically odorless, oily liquid.

Notes 2:
[Note: A solid below 34ºF. Forms cyanide in the body.]


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  White or light gray to tan powder. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  420¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  302¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.00000063 mm Hg at 158¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.10 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  358.58 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should protect this material from exposure to light, and store it at ambient temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical may be sensitive to light.  It is sensitive to base hydrolysis and may spontaneously oxidize in solution. (NTP, 1992)


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  White or almost white to tan powder.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Odorless or almost odorless.  Bitter taste.  pH of a solution obtained by shaking 1 g with 30 mL of water is 6 to 8.  Metallic or garlic aftertaste.  Unpleasant taste. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  158¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  approximately 0 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.27 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  243¦ F at 17 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  296.54 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to light.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with strong acids, strong oxidizers and nitrosating agents (e.g.  N-Nitrosodiphenylamine). (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; sensitization dermatitis; lassitude (weakness, exhaustion), fatigue, tremor, restlessness, headache, dizziness; metallic taste; peri neur; liver damage

Health Effects:
acute toxicity-antabuse effects with alcohol; LD50 (oral, rat) 8600 mg/kg

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, liver

Synonyms:
Antabuse®, bis(Diethylthiocarbamoyl) disulfide, Disulfiram, Ro-Sulfiram®, TETD

Physical Description:
White, yellowish, or light-gray powder with a slight odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; sens derm; lass, ftg, tremor, restless, head, dizz; metallic taste; peri neur; liver damage


General Desc:
Furfuryl alcohol is a clear, colorless, liquid.  It is slightly soluble in water and weighs more than water.  Its flash point is 167 deg. F.  and its boiling point is 171 deg. F.  Contact with the material may cause irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  It may be toxic by ingestion and skin contact and moderately toxic by inhalation. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  167¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.8% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  16.3% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  736¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -24¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.4 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 1 mm Hg at 89.2¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.4 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.1285 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  338¦ F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  98.10 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  75 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  15 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 73¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water, Merck 11th ed., 1989.  Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid, Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73(1967); J, Org. Chem. 28:1893(1963). Furfuryl alcohol will polymerize rapidly and at times with explosive force in the presence of strong mineral acids, NFPA 491M, 1991. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites, NFPA 491 M, 1991. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence, Wischmeyer(1969). An explosion occurred in a laboratory when cyanoacetic acid was reacted with furfuryl alcohol in an attempt to form the ester, furfuryl cyanoacetate. The explosion occurred a few minutes after the agitator was turned on and heat applied, MCA Case History 858(1963). In the attempt to prepare furfuryl formate from furfuryl alcohol and concentrated formic acid an explosion occurred, Chem. Eng. News 18:72(1940). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
dizziness; nausea, diarrhea, vomiting; respiratory depression; body temperature depression; diuresis;  in animals:  eye irritation; drowsiness

Physical Description:
Colorless to amber liquid with a faint, burning odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, muc memb; dizz; nau, diarr; diuresis; resp, body temperature depres; vomit; derm


General Desc:
Furaldehydes are colorless or reddish-brown, mobile liquids with a penetrating odor.  They have a flash point of 140 deg. F.  They are heavier than water and is soluble in water.  The vapors are heavier than air.  They may toxic if swallowed, absorbed by the skin or inhaled. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  140¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.1% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  19.3% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  739¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -33.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 3 mm Hg at 86¦ F; 10 mm Hg at 122¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.31 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.1594 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  323.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  96.09 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  100 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  2 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  2 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  10 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  100 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  50-100 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.  Combustion products include corrosive or toxic vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.  Add sodium bisulfite (NaHSO3).    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increase effectiveness of booms.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to light and air.REACTIVITY:  This chemical reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate.  It also can react with strong oxidizers.  An exothermic resinification of almost explosive violence can occur upon contact with strong mineral acids or alkalies.  It forms condensation products with many types of compounds, including phenol, amines and urea. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye, upper respiratory system irritation; headaches; dermatitis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; central nervous system effects

Physical Description:
Colorless to amber liquid with an almond-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; head; derm


General Desc:
Ethylene dichloride is a clear colorless liquid with a chloroform-like odor.  It has a flash point of 56 deg. F.  It is heavier than water and insoluble in water.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It weighs 10.4 pounds per gallon. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  56¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  6.2% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  15.9% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  775¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -31.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  60 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 100 mm Hg at 84.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.4 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.2569 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  182.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  98.96 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  50 ppm; Not applicable for Ethylene dichloride, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  5-10 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Liquid ammonia and ethylene dichloride can cause an explosion when mixed, NFPA 491M, 1991. A tank of dimethyl amino propyl amine exploded violently when it reacted with wet ethylene dichloride which had been the tanks previous contents, Doyle(1973). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

PEL NOTES:
PEAK = 200 ppm FOR A  5 MINUTE INTERVAL  DURING ANY 3 HOURS

Carcinogen:
IARC-2B, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, TLV-A4, EPA-B2

Symptoms:
central nervous system depression; nausea, vomiting; dermatitis; eye irritation, corneal opacity; (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
cumulative liver and kidney damage; central nervous system effects

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, kidneys, liver, central nervous system, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
1,2-Dichloroethane; Ethylene chloride; Glycol dichloride

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a pleasant, chloroform-like odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Decomposes slowly, becomes acidic & darkens in color.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, corn opac; CNS depres; nau, vomit; derm; liver, kidney, CVS damage; [carc]


General Desc:
Ethylene chlorohydrin is a colorless liquid with an ether-like odor.  It is soluble in water and is also a combustible liquid.  Its vapors are heavier than air and it is very toxic by inhalation and skin absorption.  Prolonged exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations may result in adverse health effects. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  140¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  4.9 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  15.9 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  797¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -89.5¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  4.9 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  2.78 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.197 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  262¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  80.52 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  7 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1 ppm  Skin.  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Acute Chloroethanol Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to chloroethanol may include weakness, dizziness, confusion, visual disturbances, incoordination, shock, seizures, and coma.  Dyspnea (shortness of breath), pulmonary edema, respiratory depression, and respiratory failure may occur.  Weakness pulse, hypotension (low blood pressure), and cyanosis (blue tint to the skin and mucous membranes) may be observed.  Nausea, vomiting, and hematuria (bloody urine) may be seen after exposure.  Liver and kidney damage may also occur.  Chloroethanol is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to chloroethanol may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to chloroethanol. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to chloroethanol. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Do not breathe fumes from burning material. Air purifying respirator or self-contained breathing apparatus, coat, pants, gloves, and boots should be worn. No skin surface should be exposed. Bands around legs, arm and waist should be provided.Water spray may be used to extinguish the fire because the material can be cooled below its flash point. Alcohol foam, carbon dioxide, and dry chemical may be used. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Mixing ethylene chlorohydrin in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, and sodium hydroxide, NFPA 1991. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
mucous membrane irritation; nausea, vomiting; vertigo, incoordination; numbness; vision disturbance; headaches; thirst; delirium; low blood pressure; collapse, shock, coma

Health Effects:
acute toxicity mutagen; chronic toxicity liver, kidney, skin, and lungs

Target Organ:
respiratory system, liver, kidneys, central nervous system, cardiovascular system, eyes

Synonyms:
2-Chloroethanol, 2-Chloroethyl alcohol, Ethylene chlorhydrin

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a faint, ether-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit muc memb; nau, vomit; verti, inco; numb; vis dist; head; thirst; delirium; low BP; collapse, shock, coma; liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
Antimony trioxide is a white crystalline solid.  It is insoluble in water.  The primary hazard it the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  It is used to fireproof fabrics, paper and plastics, as a paint pigment and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  Not Applicable.  Not flammable. (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  Not Applicable.  Not flammable. (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  Not Applicable.  Not flammable. (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  1211¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg  at 1065¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  5.67 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  2822¦ F (sublimes); 1598¦ F at 210 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  291.52 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  0.5 mg/m3  Suspected human carcinogen. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.    Water spill:  Add dilute caustic soda (NaOH).  If dissolved, apply sodium sulfide (Na2S) solution to precipitate heavy metals.  Add soda ash (Na2CO3).  Allow to aerate.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  When powdered antimony trioxide is heated in air, it ignites and burns (Mellor 9:425 1946-47).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Bromine trifluoride produces a violent reaction with antimony trioxide, more violent with antimonyl chloride (Mellor Vol. 9 425.1939). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, mouth; cough; dizziness; headache; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; stomach cramps; insomnia; anorexia; unable to smell properly


General Desc:
Dimethyl phthalate is a clear, colorless (water white) liquid without significant odor.  It is heavier than water and is insoluble in water.  The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should betaken to limit its spread to the environment.  Since it is a liquid it can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate ground water and nearby streams.  It has a flash point of 300 deg. F.  Eye contact may produce severe irritation and direct skin contact may produce mild irritation.  It is used in the manufacture of a variety of products including plastics, insect repellents, safety glass, and lacquer coatings. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  295¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  0.9 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  8.0 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  915¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  32.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 212.5¦ F; 5 mm Hg at 269.2¦ F; 10 mm Hg at 297.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  6.69 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.190 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  542.7¦ F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  194.18 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2000 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
upper respiratory system, skin irritation; stomach pain

Target Organ:
eyes, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract

Synonyms:
Dimethyl ester of 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid; DMP

Physical Description:
Colorless, oily liquid with a slight, aromatic odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, upper resp sys; stomach pain


General Desc:
Potassium hydroxide is a white solid dissolved in water.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue.  It is non-combustible.  It weighs 12.8 lbs./gal.  It is used in chemical manufacturing, petroleum refining, cleaning compounds, and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.  Neutralize with vinegar or other dilute acid.    Water spill:  Neutralize with dilute acid. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Hydrolysis generates enough heat to ignite adjacent combustible material (Haz. Chem. Data 1966). Dissloves in water with liberation of heat, may steam and spatter. Solution is basic (alkaline).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Absorbs moisture readily forming caustic solution that attacks aluminum and zinc. A piece of potassium hydroxide causes liquid chlorine dioxide to explode (Mellor 2:289. 1946-47). 1,2-dichloroethylene and potassium hydroxide forms chloroacetylene, which is explosive and spontaneously flammable in air. It is highly toxic (Rutledge,  1968. p. 134). A reaction between n-nitrosomethylurea and potassium hydroxide in n-butyl ether resulted in an explosion due to the formation of diazomethane (Schwab 1972). Potassium persulfate and a little potassium hydroxide and water ignited a polythene (polyethylene) liner of a container by release of heat and oxygen (MCA Case History 1155. 1955). Using potassium hydroxide to dry impure tetrahydrofuran, which contains peroxides, may be hazardous. Explosions have occurred in the past. Sodium hydroxide behaves in a similar way as potassium hydroxide (NSC Newsletter  Chem. Soc. 1967). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; cough, sneezing; eye, skin burns; vomiting, diarrhea

Physical Description:
Odorless, white or slightly yellow lumps, rods, flakes, sticks, or pellets.

Notes 2:
[Note: May be used as an aqueous solution.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; cough, sneez; eye, skin burns; vomit, diarr


General Desc:
Pentaborane is a clear, colorless liquid.  It is extremely reactive and may ignite spontaneously in contact with moist air and many other materials.  The vapors are very toxic.  The material is heavier than water and is slowly decomposed by water.  Under prolonged exposure to fire of intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.  Prolonged exposure to low concentrations or short exposure to high concentrations may have adverse health effects. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  86¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  0.42 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  98 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  Spontaneously flammable if impure.  Approx. 35¦C when pure. (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -51.9¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  171 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.62 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  140¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  63.17 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  1 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.005 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  0.015 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reacts (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Pentaborane Exposure: Inhalation of low concentrations of pentaborane causes behavioral changes, loss of recent memory, poor judgement, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, and difficulty in focusing.  Inhalation of higher concentrations may cause headache, dizziness, nervous excitation, muscular pain, loss of muscle coordination, cramps, muscle spasms, tremors, convulsions, coma, and death due to central nervous system poisoning.  Pentaborane may irritate or burn the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to pentaborane may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination.  Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to pentaborane.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.  3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  4.  Rush to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to pentaborane.  2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.  3.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible.  4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes.  5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with water.  6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  7.  Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure:  1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.  2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of pentaborane is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age.  Warning: Ingestion of pentaborane may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4.  The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal.  4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water.  5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults.  6.  Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Do not use water.  Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water from the side until well after fire is out. For massive fire in cargo area, use unmanned hose holder or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.  Evacuation: if fire becomes uncontrollable or container is exposed to direct flame -- evacuate for a radius of 1,500 feet. If material is leaking (not on fire), downwind evacuation must be considered.If material is on fire or involved in fire, do not extinguish unless flow can be stopped. Do not use water. Extinguish small fires with dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  For large fires withdraw and let burn. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Pyrophoric, ignites spontaneously in air (Merck 11th ed. 1989).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Hydrolyzes in water after long heating to form Boric acid and hydrogen. Reacts with ammonia to form a diammoniate. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
dizziness; headaches; drowsiness, lightheadedness; incoordination; tremors; tonic spasms in face, neck, abdomen, limbs; convulsions; eye, skin irritation; behavioral changes

Health Effects:
acute and cumulative central nervous system damage

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a pungent odor like sour milk.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; dizz, head, drow, li-head, inco, tremor, convuls, behavioral changes; tonic spasm face, neck, abdom, limbs


General Desc:
Cresols are colorless to yellow liquids with a tar-like odor.  It is poisonous by ingestion and skin absorption, and it is corrosive to skin.  It is combustible and has a flash point of 178 deg. F.  It is insoluble in water.  It weighs 8.7 lbs./gallon. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  187¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.4 % For ortho; 1.1 meta or para. (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1038 to 1110¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  0.88 mm at 80¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Density:  3.72 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.039 at 63.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  >350¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  108.14 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  250 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Phenols are very toxic poisons AND corrosive and irritating, so that inducing vomiting may make medical problems worse.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center and locate activated charcoal, egg whites, or milk in case the medical advisor recommends administering one of them.  If advice from a physician is not readily available and the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give the victim a glass of activated charcoal slurry in water or, if this is not available, a glass of milk, or beaten egg whites and IMMEDIATELY transport victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, assure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.  Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Solid streams of water may be ineffective.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Mixing cresol in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, oleum, NFPA 1991. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; central nervous system effects: confusion, depressant/depression, respiratory failure; dyspnea (breathing difficulty), irregular/irregularities rapid respiratory, weakness pulse; eye, skin burns; dermatitis; lung, liver, kidney, pancreas damage

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; acute toxicity-(central nervous system); cumulative liver, cardiovascular, kidney damage

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, resp sys, central nervous system, liver, kidneys, pancreas, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
ortho(meta or para)-Cresol, 2(3 or 4)-Cresol, o(m or p)-Cresylic acid, 1-Hydroxy-2(3 or 4)-methylbenzene, 2(3 or 4)-Hydroxytoluene, 2(3 or 4) -Methyl phenol;

Physical Description:
White crystals with a sweet, tarry odor.


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Clear, pale straw-colored liquid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  143¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.1% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  6.2% (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -125¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.7 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.918 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  383¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  130.19 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is inhibited.  When this chemical is uninhibited violent polymerization may occur. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; skin burns; in animals: central nervous system depressant/depression

Synonyms:
Diethyl benzene, DVB, Vinylstyrene [Note: Commercial product contains all 3 isomers, but m-isomer predominates. Usually contains an inhibitor to prevent polymerization.] 1 ppm = 5.33 mg/m3 NIOSH REL: TWA 10 ppm (50 mg/m3)

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; skin burns; in animals: CNS depres


General Desc:
Captan is a white solid dissolved in a liquid carrier.  It is a water emulsifiable liquid.  It can cause illness by inhalation, skin absorption and/or ingestion.  The primary hazard of this material is that it poses a threat to the environment.  In case of release immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  Since it is a liquid it can easily penetrate the soil to contaminate groundwater.  It is used as a fungicide. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  352¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  <0.00001 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.74 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  300.59 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  5 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is slowly hydrolyzed in aqueous neutral and acidic media.  It is rapidly hydrolyzed in alkaline media.  It decomposes at or near the melting point.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong alkaline and oxidizing materials, sulfur and (sulfur + moisture). (NTP, 1992)

TLV NOTES:
SENSITIZER;MEASURED AS INHALABLE FRACTION OF THE AEROSOL

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; blurred vision; dermatitis, skin sensitization; dyspnea (breathing difficulty); diarrhea, vomiting; potential occupational carcinogen

Health Effects:
mutagen, suspect carcinogen; teratogen; LD50 (oral, rat) 9 g/kg

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys

Notes 2:
[fungicide] [Note: Commercial product is a yellow powder with a pungent odor.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; blurred vision; derm, skin sens; dysp; diarr, vomit; [carc]


General Desc:
Thiram is a white crystalline solid dissolved in a liquid solution.  The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  Since it is a liquid it can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate ground water and nearby streams. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  280¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  311-313¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  approximately 0 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.29 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  264¦ F at 20 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  240.44 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  100 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical decomposes in acidic media.  There is some deterioration on prolonged exposure to heat, air or moisture.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with oxidizing materials and strong acids.  It is also incompatible with strong alkalies and nitrosating agents. (NTP, 1992)

TLV NOTES:
INHALABLE FRACTION AND VAPOR; SENSITIZER

Symptoms:
mucous membrane irritation; dermatitis; with ethanol consumption: flush, erythema, pruritis, urticaria; headaches; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; weakness, dizziness, dyspnea

Health Effects:
acute systemic toxicity (antabuse-like effects); suspect teratogen; mutagen

Physical Description:
Colorless to yellow, crystalline solid with a characteristic odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Commercial pesticide products may be dyed blue.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; derm; Antabuse-like effects


General Desc:
Butyl lactate is a clear colorless liquid with a mild odor.  It has a flash point of 168 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It is used as a solvent, and in the making of other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  160¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.15 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Melting Point:  -45¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0.4 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Density (air = 1):  5.04 (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity:  0.98 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  370¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  146.19 (USCG, 1999)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slight (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
Avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents and strong bases. Will not polymerize. (USCG, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; drowsiness, headache, central nervous system depressant/depression; nausea, vomiting

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, bronchi, lungs---moderate; headache

Synonyms:
Butyl ester of 2-hydroxypropanoic acid, Butyl ester of lactic acid, Butyl lactate

Physical Description:
Clear, colorless to white liquid with a mild, transient odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; drow, head, CNS depres; nau, vomit


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Liquid

Odor: Pear-like odor

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Slightly soluble in water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  216¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  862¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -60.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 113¦ F; 10 mm Hg at 189.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  5.1 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.0550 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  419.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  150.18 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm, Suspected human carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 73¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water spray, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, alcohol foam. (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical may be sensitive to light.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.  It is also incompatible with acids, bases and reducing agents. (NTP, 1992)


General Desc:
Ethyl acetate is a clear colorless liquid with a fruity odor.  It has a flash point of 24 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and slightly soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  24¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.0% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  11.5% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  800¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -118.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  73 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 100 mm Hg at 81¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.04 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.9003 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  171¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  88.11 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  400 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  50-100 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is slowly hydrolyzed by moisture.  It is also sensitive to heat.  On prolonged storage, materials containing similar functional groups have formed explosive peroxides.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical may ignite or explode with lithium aluminum hydride.   It may also ignite with potassium tert-butoxide.  It is incompatible with nitrates, strong alkalis and strong acids.   It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings.  It is incompatible with oxidizers such as hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid, perchloric acid and chromium trioxide.  Violent reactions occur with chlorosulfonic acid. (NTP, 1992)

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---mild; odor (20); mild narcosis

Synonyms:
Acetic ester, Acetic ether, Ethyl ester of acetic acid, Ethyl ethanoate

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with an ether-like, fruity odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; narco; derm


General Desc:
Malononitrile is a white-colored crystalline solid.  It is heavier than water and soluble in water.  It is toxic by ingestion and may be very irritating to skin and eyes.  It may polymerize violently if exposed to temperatures above 266 deg. F.  It is used to make other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  266¦ F (oc) (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  90¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.1910 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  424 to 426¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  66.07 (EPA, 1998)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Malononitrile may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through skin or mucous membranes.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Malononitrile Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to malononitrile may include hypertension (high blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate), followed by hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (slow heart rate).  Cherry-red or bloody mucous membranes may be noted.  Cardiac arrhythmias and other cardiac abnormalities are common.  Cyanosis (blue tint to the skin and mucous membranes) may be observed.  Other symptoms include anxiety, confusion, tightness in the chest, and involuntary urination and defecation.  Headache, vertigo (dizziness), agitation, and giddiness may be followed by combative behavior, convulsions, paralysis, protruding eyeballs, dilated and unreactive pupils, unconsciousness and coma.  Tachypnea (rapid, shallow respirations) or hyperpnea (rapid, deep respirations) may be followed by respiratory depression or arrest.  Lung hemorrhage and pulmonary edema may also occur.  Malononitrile is irritating to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  Lacrimation (tearing) and a burning sensation of the mouth and throat are common.  Salivation, nausea, and vomiting may also occur. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to malononitrile exposure may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to malononitrile. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with malononitrile-contaminated persons or their gastric contents can result in self-poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to malononitrile. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with malononitrile-contaminated persons or their gastric contents can result in self-poisoning. 3. RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 5.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 6.  Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure:  1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with malononitrile-contaminated persons or their gastric contents can result in self-poisoning. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3- 1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Move container from fire area if you can do it without risk. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing.Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  White, low-melting powder (m. p. 30.5 C), toxic, combustible. Violent polymerization on contact with strong bases (sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxyde) or when heated above 130 C. When stored at 70-80 C for 2 months, spontaneous explosion (decomposition) occurred [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 394]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; headache, dizziness, weakness, giddiness, confusion, convulsions; dyspnea (breathing difficulty); abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting

Notes 2:
[Note: Melts above 90ºF. Forms cyanide in the body.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; head, dizz, weak, gidd, conf, convuls; dysp; abdom pain, nau, vomit


Symptoms:
in animals: irritation skin; pulmonary edema; convulsions; central nervous system, respiratory system, kidney changes; decreased resistance to infection

Health Effects:
acute blood effects; acute central nervous system effects; cumulative kidney damage

Target Organ:
skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, kidneys

Synonyms:
Cyclopentadienylmanganese tricarbonyl, Cyclopentadienyl tricarbonyl manganese, MCT

Physical Description:
Yellow, crystalline solid with a characteristic odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: An antiknock additive for gasoline. May be found in an oil & gaseous solution.]

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irrit skin; pulm edema; convuls; CNS, resp sys, kidney changes; decr resistance to infection


General Desc:
Isobutane is a colorless gas with a faint petroleum-like odor.  It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure.  Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite.  It is easily ignited.  The vapors are heavier than air.  Any leak can either be liquid or vapor.  It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -117¦ F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.8 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  8.4 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  890¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -427.5¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  3.1 atm at 70¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity, Liquid:  0.557 at 68.0¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Boiling Point:  10.8¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  58.12 (USCG, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slight (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Strong oxidizers (e.g., nitrates & perchlorates), chlorine, fluorine, (nickel carbonyl + oxygen) (NIOSH, 1997)

Notes 2:
[Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas. A liquid below 11ºF.]


General Desc:
Diisopropylamine is a clear colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor.  It has a flash point of 30 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and is soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material.  It is used to make other chemicals. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  30¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.1% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.1% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  600¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -78¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  129.25 mm (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Density:  3.5 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.7169 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  183¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  101.19 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  200 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slightly soluble (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to heat and air.REACTIVITY:  This compound can react violently with oxidizers and strong acids.  It forms salts readily with acids. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
nausea, vomiting; headaches; eye, skin irritation, visual disturbance; pulmonary irritation

Health Effects:
central nervous system effects; irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; nau, vomit; head; vis dist


General Desc:
Diisopropyl ether is a clear colorless liquid with an ethereal odor.  It has a flash point of -18 deg. F.  Upon prolonged contact with air, peroxides may form which may explode spontaneously or if heated.  It is lighter than water and slightly soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -15¦ F (oc), -18¦F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.4 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.9 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  830¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -123¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  119 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.73 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  156¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  102.2 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  1400 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  250 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  310 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.2% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Form explosive peroxide in storage. A flask of diisopropyl ether was heated on a steam bath with gentle shaking when an explosion occured. In a second instance, an explosion occured after practically all the ether had been distilled, MCA Guide for Safety(1972). Mixing diisopropyl ether in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid, NFPA 1991. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose irritation; respiratory discomfort; dermatitis; in animals: drowsiness, dizziness, unconsciousness; narcosis

Synonyms:
Diisopropyl ether, Diisopropyl oxide, 2-Isopropoxy propane

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a sharp, sweet, ether-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose; resp discomfort; derm; in animals: drow, dizz, uncon, narco


General Desc:
Isopropyl acetate is a clear colorless liquid.  It has a flash point of 40 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and slightly soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  Contact with the material may cause irritation to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  It may be toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.  It is used as a solvent. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  36¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.7% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.8% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  860¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -100.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at -36.9¦ F; 100 mm Hg at 96.3¦ F; 760 mm Hg at 192.2¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.5 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.8718 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  190-196¦ F at 743.3 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  102.15 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  1800 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  200 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  1-10 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound can react vigorously with nitrates, strong oxidizers, strong alkalies and strong acids.  This chemical may also attack some forms of rubber, plastics and coatings. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, skin irritation; narcosis; dermatitis

Synonyms:
Isopropyl ester of acetic acid, 1-Methylethyl ester of acetic acid, 2-Propyl acetate

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose; derm; in animals: narco


General Desc:
Acetic anhydride is a clear colorless liquid with a strong odor of vinegar.  It is combustible and has a flash point of 129 deg. F.  It is soluble in water and is readily decomposed by water to acetic acid with release of heat.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue.  It weighs 9.0 lbs./gal.  It is used to make fibers, plastics, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and explosives. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  121¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.9% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  10.3% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  626¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -99.6¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  10 mm Hg at 96.8¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.52 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.0830 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  283.19¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  102.09 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  200 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Soluble in cold (greater than or equal to 10mg/ml); Decomposes in hot (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Do not use water on material itself.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.  Neutralize with dilute caustic soda (NaOH) or soda ash (Na2CO3).    Water spill:  Add dilute caustic soda (NaOH). ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Mixing of Acetic Anhydride with water can be dangerously explosive, especially in presence with mineral acids (e.g., nitric, perchloric, sulfuric, etc.) (Chem. Eng. News 25, 3458).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  On contact with water, steam, methanol, ethanol, glycerol and boric acid it will react violently. Potentially explosive reactions with strong oxidizing reagents, e.g., barium peroxide, chromium trioxide, chromic acid, hypochlorous acid, nitric acid, perchloric acid, peroxyacetic acid, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide [Sax, 9ed, 1996, p. 15]. Reacts violently with metal nitrates used as nitrating agents [Davey W. et al., Chem. & Ind., 1948, p. 814). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
conjunctivitis, lacrimation, corneal edema, opacity, photophobia; nasal, pharyngeal irritation; cough, dyspnea, bronchitis; skin burns, vesiculation, dermatitis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; acute lung toxicity; LD50 (oral, rat) 1780 mg/kg skin irritation yes.

Synonyms:
Acetic acid anhydride, Acetic oxide, Acetyl oxide, Ethanoic anhydride

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a strong, pungent, vinegar-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Conj, lac, corn edema, opac, photo; nasal, phar irrit; cough, dysp, bron; skin burns, vesic, sens derm


General Desc:
Isobutyronitrile is a clear colorless liquid.  It has a flash point of 47 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and slightly soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  47¦ F (unspc) (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  -96.7¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  100 mm at 130¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Density:  2.38 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.76 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  219¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  69.1 (EPA, 1998)

ERPG-1:  10 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  50 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  200 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slight (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Heart palpitation may occur within minutes after exposure.  High doses can stop breathing.  Vital signs should be monitored closely.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Isobutyronitrile Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to isobutyronitrile may include hypertension (high blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate), followed by hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (slow heart rate).  Cherry-red (and potentially bloody) mucous membranes, cardiac arrhythmias, and other cardiac abnormalities are common.  Cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membranes) may also be found.  Tachypnea (rapid respiratory rate) may be followed by respiratory depression.  Lung hemorrhage and pulmonary edema may occur.  Headache, vertigo (dizziness), agitation, giddiness, salivation, nausea, and vomiting may be followed by combative behavior, convulsions, and coma.  Isobutyronitrile is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes.  Lacrimation (tearing) and a burning sensation of the mouth and throat are common. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to isobutyronitrile may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  All exposed persons should be transported to a health care facility as quickly as possible.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to isobutyronitrile. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with isobutyronitrile- contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self- poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to isobutyronitrile. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with isobutyronitrile- contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self- poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 6.  Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with isobutyronitrile- contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self- poisoning. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 5.  Activated charcoal is of no value. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire.Extinguish with dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, foam, or fog. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Oxidizers, reducing agents, strong acids & bases (NIOSH, 1997)


First Aid:
Eyes: Irrigate immediately; Skins: Soap wash immed; Inhalation: Respiratory support; Ingestion: Medical attention immediately

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid or gas (above 84ºF) with an odor like sulfur dioxide.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; in animals: pulm edema, hemorr


General Desc:
Grayish-white, lustrous, brittle, crystalline solid; dark-gray to brown, amorphous powder with metal characteristics.

This material is used as a coloring agent in chinaware, porcelains, enamels, glass; producing black finish on silverware; semiconductor devices and research; manufacturing special alloys of marked electrical resistance.  Improves mechanical properties of lead; powerful carbide stabilizer in cast iron, tellurium vapor in "daylight" lamps, vulcanization of rubber.  Blasting caps.  Semiconductor research. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Melting Point:  842¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  6.24 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  1814¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  127.6 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  25 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Acute Tellurium Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to tellurium may include drowsiness, malaise, lassitude, weakness, and dizziness.  Gastrointestinal symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and constipation.  A metallic taste, garlicky Breathing, and profuse sweating may be noted.  Kidney damage, liver injury, and pulmonary effects may also occur.  Dermal exposure may result in dermatitis (red, inflamed skin). Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to tellurium may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to tellurium. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to tellurium. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of tellurium is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Caution :  When heated to decomposition, toxic fumes of tellurium oxide will be emitted. Avoid sources of extreme heat.Ventilate area of spill or leak; collect spilled material in the most convenient and safe manner and deposit in sealed containers for reclamation or for disposal in a secured sanitary landfill. Liquids containing tellurium should be absorbed in vermiculite, dry sand, earth or a similar material. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Straight water streams will scatter molten tellurium oxide. Wear goggles, rubber gloves, and proper respirator with filter.Use water spray.  Tellurium will burn only slowly in air. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Tellurium is attacked by chlorine fluoride with incandescence. When tellurium and potassium are warmed in an atmosphere of hydrogen, combination occurs with incandescence (Mellor 11:40. 1946-47). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

PEL NOTES:
EXCEPT TELLURIUM HEXAFLUORIDE AND BISMUTH TELLURIDE

REL NOTES:
EXCEPT TELLURIUM HEXAFLUORIDE AND BISMUTH TELLURIDE

Symptoms:
garlic odor on breathing; sweating; dry mouth, metallic taste; somnolence; anorexia; nausea; no sweating; dermatitis

Health Effects:
acute central nervous system effects; cumulative organ damage

Physical Description:
Odorless, dark-gray to brown, amorphous powder or grayish-white, brittle solid.

Exposure Symptoms:
Garlic breath, sweat; dry mouth, metallic taste; som; anor, nau, no sweat; derm; in animals: CNS, red blood cell changes


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Pink crystals; white waxy solid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  270¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  790¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  126.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.55 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  475¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  124.15 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  Soluble (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to moisture.REACTIVITY:  Can react with oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, upper respiratory system; eye, skin burns; central nervous system depressant/depression

Synonyms:
Hydroquinone monomethyl ether, p-Hydroxyanisole, Mequinol, p-Methoxyphenol, Monomethyl ether hydroquinone, 4-methoxyphenol

Physical Description:
Colorless to white, waxy solid with an odor of caramel & phenol.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat, upper resp sys; eye, skin burns; CNS depres


General Desc:
Nitrogen trifluoride is a colorless gas having a moldy odor.  It is slightly soluble in water.  It is very toxic by inhalation.  It is corrosive to tissue and toxic by inhalation.  Prolonged exposure of the containers to fire or heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing.  It is used to make other chemicals and as an oxidizer for rocket fuels. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -340¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  greater than 1 atm (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  -200¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  71.0 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  1000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slight (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A colorless, mildly toxic gas, a very powerful oxidizer, a dangerous fire hazard in the presence of reducing reagents. In dry state no reaction occurs with glass. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic and corrosive fumes of fluoride [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 937]. It can react violently when ignited with hydrogen, it reacts violently with ammonia, carbon monoxide, diborane, hydrogen sulfide, methane, tetrafluorohydrazine, charcoal. Explosive reaction with chlorine dioxide. A severe explosion may occur when exposed to reducing reagents under pressure [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1427]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
in animals: methemoglobinemia; anoxia, cyanosis; weakness, dizziness, headaches; liver, kidney injury

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: anoxia, cyan; methemo; weak, dizz, head; liver, kidney inj


General Desc:
Sulfur tetrafluoride is a colorless gas with a distinct sulfur odor.  It is highly toxic by inhalation and a strong irritant to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.  It reacts vigorously with water and acids to yield toxic fluoride and sulfur oxide fumes and an acidic solution.  Sulfur tetrafluoride is heavier than air.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may violently rupture or rocket.  It is used as a fluoridizing agent and as an oil repellant. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -191¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  10.5 atm at 70¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity, Liquid:  1.95 at -108¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity, Solid:  2.349 at -297¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Boiling Point:  -40¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  108.06 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reacts (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Sulfur tetrafluoride is a highly irritating and corrosive gas. Signs and Symptoms of Sulfur Tetrafluoride Exposure: Acute exposure to sulfur tetrafluoride may result in skin burns, eye and respiratory tract irritation, and pulmonary edema.  Overexposure by any route can cause bloody stools, slow pulse rate, low blood pressure, coma, convulsions, and cardiac arrest. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to sulfur tetrafluoride may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sulfur tetrafluoride. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Rush to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sulfur tetrafluoride. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas extremely thoroughly with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: Note: Ingestion of sulfur tetrafluoride gas is not expected to be a significant route of exposure. 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize. 3.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 ox or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 5.  Rush to a health care facility.  (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Evacuate area endangered by gas.This material is non-combustible. Small fires: dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Large fires: water spray, fog or foam. Do not get water inside container. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Stay away from ends of tanks. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Violent reaction with water. It reacts vigorously with water and acids to yield toxic fluoride and sulfur oxide fumes and an acidic solution.CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A highly toxic and corrosive gas. On contact with water, steam, or mineral acids it decomposes and produces toxic and highly irritating fumes. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fluoride and sulfur oxides fumes [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1197]. Explosively violent reactions with 2-(hydroxymethyl)furan or 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol even below -50 C have been recorded [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1432]. Ignition or explosion may occur on contact with dioxygen difluoride even below -100 C [Streng, A. G., Chem. Rev., 1963, 63, p. 615]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, muc memb; eye, skin burns (from sf4 releasing hydrofluoric acid on exposure to moisture); liquid: frostbite; in animals: dyspnea (breathing difficulty), weakness, rhinorrhea (discharge of thin nasal mucus)

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with an odor like sulfur dioxide.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; eye, skin burns (from SF4 releasing hydrofluoric acid on exposure to moisture); liquid: frostbite; in animals: dysp, weak, rhin


General Desc:
Selenium hexafluoride is a colorless gas used as a electrical insulator.  It is highly toxic by inhalation.  When heated to high temperatures it may decompose to emit toxic fluoride and selenium fumes.  Prolonged exposure of the container to fire or intense heat may cause it to violently rupture or rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -59¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  greater than 1 atm (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  -30¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  193.0 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  2 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.05 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  Do not apply water to point of leak in tank car or container. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A colorless, poison gas, when heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes containing metallic selenium and selenium fluorides [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1131]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
in animals: respiratory irritation, pulmonary edema


General Desc:
Tellurium hexafluoride is a colorless gas with a repulsive odor.  It is very toxic by inhalation and skin absorption.  When heated to high temperatures, it may emit toxic fluoride and tellurium fumes.  It is heavier than air.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may violently rupture and rocket.  It reacts with water to yield toxic vapors. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -35.7¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  Greater than 760 (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  2.499 at 14¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Boiling Point:  95.9¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  241.61 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  1 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.01 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Decomposes (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Acute Tellurium Hexafluoride Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to tellurium hexafluoride may include drowsiness, malaise, lassitude, weakness, and dizziness.  A metallic taste, garlicky Breathing, and profuse sweating may be noted.  Kidney damage, liver injury, and pulmonary effects such as pulmonary edema and bronchial spasms may also occur.  Gastrointestinal effects may include nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and constipation.  Dermal exposure may result in dermatitis (red, inflamed skin). Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to tellurium hexafluoride may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to tellurium hexafluoride. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to tellurium hexafluoride. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support.  Humidified oxygen is preferred. 2.  IMMEDIATELY give the victims milk or water to dilute the hydrofluoric acid: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Milk or water should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 3.  DO NOT induce vomiting. 4.  Milk of Magnesia should be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 2.5 mL (1/2 tsp) for children up to 1 year old, 5 mL (1 tsp) for children 1 to 12 years old, and 10 mL (2 tsp) for adults.  Do not exceed 15 mL (3 tsp or 1 tbsp).  5.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures.  6.  Activated charcoal is of no value. 7.  Repeat the administration of water or milk to conscious and alert victims.  Use quantities listed above (see No.  2).  8.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Do not get water inside container. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Stay away from ends of tanks. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. Isolate area until gas has dispersed.This material is not combustible. Small fires: dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Large fires: water spray, fog or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  It reacts with water to yield toxic vapors.CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A colorless, toxic gas, when heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes containing metallic tellurium and tellurium fluorides [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1207]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
headaches; dyspnea; garlic odor on breathing;  in annimals:  pulmonary edema

Exposure Symptoms:
Head; dysp; garlic breath; in animals: pulm edema


General Desc:
Valeraldehyde is a colorless liquid.  It is slightly soluble in water and lighter than water.  It has a flash point of 54 deg. F.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It is used to make artificial flavorings and rubber. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  53.6¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -132.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  50 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.0 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.8095 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  216-217¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  86.14 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  50 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to air.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This material is incompatible with oxidizing agents, strong bases and strong reducing agents. (NTP, 1992)

Synonyms:
Amyl aldehyde, Pentanal, Valeral, Valeraldehyde, Valeric aldehyde


General Desc:
Pyridine is a clear colorless to light yellow liquid with a penetrating nauseating odor.  It has a flash point of 68 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.8% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  12.4% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  900¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -44¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  18 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 20 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.72 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.9780 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  239¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  79.10 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  1000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 70.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  During the preparation of a chromium trioxide-pyridine complex, the proportion of chromium trioxide was increased. Since dissolving of the trioxide in pyridine generates heat, the excess amount of the trioxide produced overheating  causing an explosion and fire (MCA Case History 1284 1967). A 0.1 % solution of pyridine (or other tertiary amine) in maleic anhydride at 185C gives an exothermic decomposition with rapid evolution of gas (Chem Eng. News 42(8); 41 1964). Mixing pyridine in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid (70%), oleum, sulfuric acid (96%), or propiolactone (NFPA 1991). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
headaches, nervousness, dizziness, insomnia; nausea, anorexia; frequent urination; eye irritation; dermatitis; liver, kidney damage

Health Effects:
cumulative liver, kidney and bone marrow damage; central nervous system effects;

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, central nervous system, liver, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract,

Physical Description:
Colorless to yellow liquid with a nauseating, fish-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes; head, ner, dizz, insom; nau, anor; derm; liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
Morpholine is a colorless liquid with a fish-like odor.  It has a flash point of 100 deg. F.  It is corrosive to tissue.  It is lighter than water and is soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It is used to make other chemicals, as a corrosion inhibitor, and in detergents. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  100¦ F (oc) (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.8 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  10.8 % (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  590¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  23.2¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  6.6 mm Hg at 68.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.00 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.998 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  264.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  87.12 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  1400 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  20 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  30 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Soluble (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to moisture.REACTIVITY:  Reacts with oxidizers.  Corrosion inhibitor. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
vision disturbance; nose irritation; coughing, respiratory irritation; eye, skin irritation; liver, kidney damage

Synonyms:
Diethylene imidoxide; Diethylene oximide; Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazine; Tetrahydro-p-oxazine

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, resp sys; vis dist; cough; in animals: liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
Dimethylamine, anhydrous is a colorless gas with a fish-like odor at low concentrations changing to ammonia-like odor at higher concentrations.  It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure.  Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite or chemical type burns.  The gas itself is corrosive and it is soluble in water to form flammable corrosive solutions.  It is easily ignited.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It can asphyxiate by the displacement of air.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material.  It weighs 5.5 lbs./gal.  Long term exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations can result in adverse health effects from inhalation.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.  It is used to make other chemicals, as a solvent, and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  20¦ F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.8% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  14.1% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  756¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -135¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1388.03 mm at 70¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Density (air = 1):  1.6 (USCG, 1999)

Specific Gravity:  0.6804 at 32¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  45.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  45.10 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  500 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  1 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  100 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  500 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(140¦F): 24% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is temperature sensitive.REACTIVITY:  Reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials, mercury and chlorine. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
nose, throat irritation; sneezing, coughing, dyspnea; pulmonary edema; conjunctivitis; mucous membranes; dermatitis; liquid: frostbite

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; cumulative liver, testicular damage

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with an ammonia- or fish-like odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: A liquid below 44ºF. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit nose, throat; sneez, cough, dysp; pulm edema; conj; derm; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Liquid

Odor: Odorless

Color: Colorless to pale yellow (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  295¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  770¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  < -112¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  13.7 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  9.20 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.9727 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  552¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  266.36 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  30 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.2 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Dry lime or soda ash (USCG, 1999)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: CO 2 , dry chemical, fog, mist (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This material hydrolyzes slowly under wet alkaline conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong bases.  It will attack some forms of plastics and rubber. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye, respiratory, skin irritation; headache; nausea

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate; headache;

Synonyms:
Butyl phosphate, TBP, Tributyl ester of phosphoric acid, Tri-n-butyl phosphate

Physical Description:
Colorless to pale-yellow, odorless liquid.


General Desc:
Methacrylonitrile is a clear, colorless liquid.  It is slightly soluble in water and weighs less than water.  Its flash point is 55 deg. F.  and its boiling point is 195 deg. F.  It is very toxic by ingestion, inhalation and skin absorption.  It is used to make plastics and coatings. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  55¦ F (unspc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  6.8% (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -32.4¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  40 mm at 55.04¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  2.31 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.8001 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  194¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  67.1 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  1 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  10-50 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects, including skin reactions, may be delayed.  Caution is advised.  Vital signs should be monitored closely.  Heart palpitation may begin within minutes after exposure.   Note: Methylacrylonitrile is very readily absorbed through the skin. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Methylacrylonitrile Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to methylacrylonitrile may include hypertension (high blood pressure) and tachycardia (rapid heart rate), followed by hypotension (low blood pressure) and bradycardia (slow heart rate).  Cherry-red mucous membranes and blood, cardiac arrhythmias, and other cardiac abnormalities are common.  Cyanosis (blue tint to the skin and mucous membranes) is not a consistent finding.  Tachypnea (rapid respiratory rate) may be followed by respiratory depression.  Lung hemorrhage and pulmonary edema may also occur.  Headache, vertigo (dizziness), agitation, and giddiness may be followed by combative behavior, convulsions, paralysis, protruding eyeballs, dilated and unreactive pupils, and coma.  Methylacrylonitrile is irritating to the skin and mucous membranes.  Lacrimation (tearing) and a burning sensation of the mouth and throat are common.  Excessive salivation, nausea, and vomiting may also occur. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to methylacrylonitrile may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  All exposed persons should be transported to a health care facility as quickly as possible.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to methylacrylonitrile. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with methylacrylonitrile- contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self- poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to methylacrylonitrile. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with methylacrylonitrile- contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self- poisoning. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 5.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 6.  Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  IMMEDIATELY begin administering 100% oxygen to all victims.  Monitor victims for respiratory distress. Warning: To prevent self-poisoning, avoid mouth-to-mouth breathing; use a forced-oxygen mask.  Direct oral contact with methylacrylonitrile- contaminated persons or their gastric contents may result in self- poisoning. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize!  5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Usual precautions for flammable liquid should be applied. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless, flammable, toxic liquid. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat, flame or sparks. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitrile and oxides of nitrogen [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 829]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin; lacrimation (discharge of tears); in animals: convulsions, loss of motor control in hind limbs

Health Effects:
cumulative central nervous system effects; irritation-eye, skin---mild

Synonyms:
2-Cyanopropene-1, 2-Cyano-1-propene, Isoprene cyanide, Isopropenylnitrile, Methacrylonitrile, à-Methylacrylonitrile, 2-Methylpropenenitrile

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with an odor like bitter almonds.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; lac; in animals: convuls, loss of motor control in hind limbs


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Solid granules

Odor: Odorless

Color: White

Characteristics in Water: Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  1076¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  2.24 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  74.09 (USCG, 1999)

TLV TWA:  5 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(32¦F): 0.2% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  The nitroparaffins, nitromethane, nitropropane, etc. form salts with inorganic bases such as calcium hydroxide. The dry salts are explosive (Chem. Eng. news 30:2344 1952). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; eye, skin burns; skin vesiculation; cough, bronchitis, pneumonia

Synonyms:
Calcium hydrate, Caustic lime, Hydrated lime, Slaked lime

Notes 2:
[Note: Readily absorbs CO2 from the air to form calcium carbonate.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; eye, skin burns; skin vesic; cough, bron, pneu


General Desc:
Calcium oxide is an odorless, white or grey-white solid in the form of hard lumps.  It is a strong irritant to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.  It is nonflammable, but will support combustion by liberation of oxygen, especially in the presence of organic materials.  It will react with water to produce calcium hydroxide, a corrosive alkaline solution, and heat.  It is used in insecticides and fertilizers. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  4662¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  3.34 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  5162¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  56.08 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  25 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  2 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reacts (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Keep material dry.  Do not use water on material itself.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Do not use water on material itself.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Temperatures as high as 800 C have been reached with addition of water (moisture in air or soil). Ignition of sulfur, gunpowder, wood, and straw by the heat of the quicklime-water reaction have been reported (Mellor 3: 673 1946-47).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Liquid hydrofluoric acid and calcium oxide react very violently (Mellor 2, Supp. 1:129 1956). Calcium oxide or sodium hydroxide react with phosphorus pentoxide extremely violently when initiated by local heating (Mellor 8 Supp.3:406 1971). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritates eyes, upper respiratory tract; ulcerated, perforated nasal septum; pneumonia; dermatitis

Synonyms:
Burned lime, Burnt lime, Lime, Pebble lime, Quick lime, Unslaked lime

Physical Description:
White or gray, odorless lumps or granular powder.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp tract; ulcer, perf nasal septum; pneu; derm


General Desc:
Sodium hydroxide, solid is a white material.  It is soluble in water with release of heat.  It absorbs moisture from the air and dissolves in it.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue.  It is used in chemical manufacturing, petroleum refining, cleaning compounds, drain cleaners, and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  604¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  2.13 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  Very high at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  40.00 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  10 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  2 mg/m3  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  0.5 mg/m3 (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  5 mg/m3 (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  50 mg/m3 (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  111% (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.    Water spill:  Neutralize with dilute acid. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Hydrolysis generates enough heat to ignite adjacent combustible material (Haz. Chem. Data 1966). Dissloves in water with liberation of heat, may steam and spatter. Solution is basic (alkaline).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Absorbs moisture readily forming caustic soln. which attacks aluminum and zinc. A violent polymerization of acetaldehyde results from the reactions of acetaldehyde with alkaline materials such as sodium hydroxide. Calcium oxide or sodium hydroxide react with phosphorus pentoxide extremely violently when initiated by local heating (Mellor 8 Supp.3:406 1971). Using potassium hydroxide to dry impure tetrahydrofuran, which contains peroxides, may be hazardous. Explosions have occurred in the past. Sodium hydroxide behaves in a similar way as potassium hydroxide (NSC Newsletter Chem. Soc. 1967). Mixing sodium hydroxide in equal portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: glacial acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, chlorohydrin, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene cyanohydrin, glyoxal, hydrochloric acid (36%), hydrofluoric acid (48.7%), nitric acid (70%), oleum, propiolactone, sulfuric acid (96%) (NFPA 1991). An extremely violent polymerization reaction of acrolein results from the contact with alkaline materials such as sodium hydroxide (Chem. Safety Data Sheet SD-85 1961). Alkali and other alkaline earth compounds such as potassium, lithium, calcium, barium, and magnesium compounds, as well as amines and other nitrogen compounds will cause explosive decomposition of maleic anhydride (MCA Case History 622 1960). Pentol, being fractionated under high vacuum, was accidentally contacted by caustic cleaning solution and a violent explosion resulted, MCA Case History 363(1964). In the manufacture of sodium salt of trichlorophenol, sodium hydroxide, methyl alcohol and trichlorobenzene were heated. During the heating process, the pressure suddenly increased rapidly and an explosion occurred (MCA Guide for Safety Appendix 3 1972). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
nose irritation; pneumonitis; eye, skin burns; temporary loss of hair

Synonyms:
Caustic soda, Lye, Soda lye, Sodium hydrate

Physical Description:
Colorless to white, odorless solid (flakes, beads, granular form).

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; pneuitis; eye, skin burns; temporary loss of hair


Main Chemical Name:
ASBESTOS, FORMS OTHER THAN AMOSITE, CHRYSOTILE, CROCIDOLITE

General Desc:
Asbestos is a slender, fine, flaxy fiber.  Long term occupational exposure to the dust can result in lung cancer.  Asbestos is resistant to fire and most solvents.  The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  It is used as a heat resistant material, in cement, furnace bricks, and brake linings. (¬ AAR, 1999)

REL NOTES:
TWA = 0.1 f/cc AS DETERMINED BY A 400-LITER AIR SAMPLE COLLECTED OVER 100 MINUTES (NIOSH ANALYTICAL METHOD #7400); CARCINOGEN (Ca). USE 29 CFR 1910.1001

Synonyms:
Actinolite, Actinolite asbestos, Amosite (cummingtonite-grunerite), Anthophyllite, Anthophyllite asbestos, Chrysotile, Crocidolite (Riebeckite), Tremolite, Tremolite asbestos


General Desc:
Hydrogen is a colorless, odorless gas.  It is easily ignited.  Once ignited it burns with a pale blue, almost invisible flame.  The vapors are lighter than air.  It is flammable over a wide range of vapor/air concentrations.  Hydrogen is not toxic but is a simple asphyxiant by the displacement of oxygen in the air.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket.  Hydrogen is used to make other chemicals and in oxyhydrogen welding and cutting. (¬ AAR, 1999)

First Aid:
Move victim to fresh air.  Call emergency medical care.  Apply artificial respiration if victim is not breathing.  Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes.  Clothing frozen to the skin should be thawed before being removed.  In case of contact with liquefied gas, thaw frosted parts with lukewarm water.  Keep victim warm and quiet.  Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved, and take precautions to protect themselves. (DOT, 1996)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Finely divided platinum and some other metals will cause a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen to explode at ordinary temperatures. If a jet of hydrogen in air impinges on platinum black the metal surface gets hot enough to ignite the gases, Mellor 1:325(1946-1947). Explosive reactions occur upon ignition of mixtures of nitrogen trifluoride with good reducing agents such as ammonia, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide or methane. Mixtures of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, or methane and oxygen difluoride are exploded when a spark is discharged, Mellor 2, Supp. 1:192(1956). An explosion occurred upon heating 1'-pentol and 1''-pentol under hydrogen pressure. It appears that this acetylenic compound under certain conditions suddenly breaks down toform elemental carbon, hydrogen, and carbon monoxide with the release of sufficient energy to develop pressures in excess of 1000 atmospheres, AIChE Loss Prevention, p1, (1967). (REACTIVITY, 1999)


General Desc:
Nickel carbonyl is a clear colorless to yellow liquid.  It has a flash point of less than 0 deg. F.  It is flammable over a wide range of vapor-air concentrations.  It is very toxic by ingestion and inhalation.  It is heavier than water and insoluble in water.  The vapors are heavier than air.  It is used to nickel coat steel and other metals, and to make very pure nickel powder. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  Less than -18C (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2 % Flammable and burns with a yellow flame. (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  Flammable and burns with a yellow flame. (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  <200¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -2.2¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  400 mm at 78.44¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  5.89 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  8.90 (Metal) (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  109¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  170.75 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  10 mg/m3; Not applicable for Nickel metal and other compounds (as Ni), a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.05 ppm, Human Carcinogen (¬ACGIH, 1999)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects usually occur in two stages: immediate and delayed.  Delayed effects may begin hours to days after exposure.  Caution is advised.  Signs and Symptoms of Acute Nickel Carbonyl Exposure: Acute exposure to nickel carbonyl may result in dizziness, giddiness, weakness, convulsions, hallucinations, delirium, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.  Following inhalation, respiration will initially be rapid, accompanied by a nonproductive cough, and followed by pain and tightness in the chest.  Pulmonary edema, cerebral edema, and hepatic (liver) degeneration may also occur.  Vapor is irritating to the eyes, nose, and throat.  Nickel contact dermatitis is the most common reaction to nickel carbonyl.  Nickel itch may begin with a burning sensation and itching, often followed by erythema (redness) and nodular eruptions.  Liquid nickel carbonyl will burn the skin and eyes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to nickel carbonyl may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to nickel carbonyl. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  RUSH to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to nickel carbonyl. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Material is too dangerous to health to expose fire fighters. A few whiffs of the vapor could cause death. If liquid or vapor penetrates fire fighter's protective gear it will cause fatality. Normal full protective gear available to the average fire department will not provide adequate inhalation or skin protection.Use water, alcohol foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  In the presence of air, nickel carbonyl forms a deposit that becomes peroxidized. This material tends to decompose and ignite. Nickel carbonyl vapor explodes in air or oxygen at 20C and a partial pressure of 15mm.  Addition of nickel carbonyl to an n-butane-oxygen mixture caused an explosion at 20-40C  (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 70:2055-6. 1948).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless, volatile liquid (b. p. 43 C), highly toxic and flammable, carcinogenic. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, oxidizers. Explodes when heated to about 60 C. Explosive reaction with bromine (liquid), oxygen in the presence of mercury, or hydrocarbons (butane) mixed with oxygen.Violent oxidation reaction with air, oxygen, dinitrogen tetroxide. Reaction with tetrachloropropadiene forms extremely explosive dinickel chloride dimer. When heated to decomposition or on contact with mineral acids or acid fumes it emits highly toxic fumes of carbon monoxide [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1734]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
sensitization dermatitis, allergic asthma, pneumonitis; (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
acute lung edema and central nervous system effects; suspect teratogen

Target Organ:
lungs, paranasal sinus, central nervous system, reproductive system

Physical Description:
Colorless to yellow liquid with a musty odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Head, verti; nau, vomit, epigastric pain; substernal pain; cough, hyperpnea; cyan; weak; leucyt, pneuitis; delirium, convuls; [carc]; in animals: repro, terato effects


General Desc:
Methyl vinyl ketone is a clear colorless liquid with a pungent odor.  It has a flash point of 20 deg. F.  If contaminated or subject to heat it may polymerize.  It is miscible with water and lighter than water.  It is highly toxic by inhalation.  It causes burns to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  20¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.1 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  15.6 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  915¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  20¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  86 mm Hg at 72¦ F; 276 mm Hg at 124¦ F; 661 mm Hg at 167¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.41 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.8636 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  179¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  70.09 (EPA, 1998)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: This material is readily absorbed through the skin, causing general poisoning similar to other ketones.  Signs and Symptoms of Methyl Vinyl Ketone Exposure: Acute exposure of methyl vinyl ketone to the eyes may result in lacrimation, ocular pain and irritation, and corneal damage.  Tachycardia (rapid heart beat), hypothermia, metabolic acidosis, nausea, and vomiting may be noted.  Skin exposure to the liquid or vapor may result in dermatitis and paresthesia (burning or tickling sensation) of affected areas.  Following inhalation, neurological effects include Central nervous system depression, headache, dizziness, fainting, tremors, and coma.  Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to methyl vinyl ketone may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to methyl vinyl ketone. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to methyl vinyl ketone. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  DO NOT induce vomiting. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 5.  Transport to a health care facility.  (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire.Use dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide. Water spray may be ineffective as an extinguishing agent. Small fires: dry chemical, carbon dioxide, and foam. Large fires: fog or foam. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Spray cooling water on containers that are exposed to flames until well after fire is out. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is unstable in the presence of heat, light and air.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with strong oxidizers and strong bases.  It polymerizes spontaneously upon exposure to heat or sunlight.  This polymerization may cause violent ruptures in containers. (NTP, 1992)


Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Self-reactive. Chloroacetone had turned black during storage for two years on a self in diffused light. A few days after the bottle of chloroacetone was moved, it exploded. The chloroacetone had polymerized into a black-like substance, Ind. Eng. News 9: 184(1931). (REACTIVITY, 1999)


General Desc:
Phosphine is a colorless gas with a disagreeable garlic-like odor.  It is flammable and usually will ignite spontaneously in contact with air.  It is insoluble in water.  It is very toxic by inhalation at extremely low concentrations.  Prolonged exposure of the containers to fire or intense heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  1.79 % Dangerous fire hazard from spontaneous chemical reaction. (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  Dangerous fire hazard from spontaneous chemical reaction. (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  -207¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  760 mm at -125.5¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  1.17 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity, Liquid:  0.746 at -130¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Boiling Point:  -126¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  34.0 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  50 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.3 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  not appropriate (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  0.5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slight (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed for several hours.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Phosphine Exposure: Acute exposure to phosphine usually results in headache, cough, tightness and pain in the chest, shortness of Breathing, dizziness, lethargy, and stupor.  Fatigue, muscle pain, chills, tremors, incoordination, seizures, and coma may be seen.  Pulmonary edema and cardiac arrhythmias are common.  Gastrointestinal symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea.  Renal (kidney) damage, hepatic (liver) damage, and jaundice may also occur.  Contact with phosphine may burn the skin and eyes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to phosphine may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to phosphine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to phosphine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas twice with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: No information is available. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Wear full protective clothing including self-contained breathing apparatus, rubber gloves, boots, and bands around legs, arms, and waist. No skin surface should be exposed. For massive fires in cargo areas, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Move containers from fire area.If material is on fire or involved in a fire, do not extinguish unless flow can be stopped; use water in flooding quantities as fog; cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water; apply water from as far a distance as possible; solid streams of water may be ineffective; use "alcohol" foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Spontaneously flammable in air if there is a trace of P2H4 present, burns with luminous flame (Merck 11th ed. 1989).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless, highly toxic and flammable gas. In pure, dry form spontaneously ignites in air [Sidgwick, 1950, p. 729]. Liquified phosphine can be detonated [Rust, 1948, p. 301]. Ignition or violent reaction with boron trichloride, dichlorine oxide, halogens (bromine, chlorine, iodine), metal nitrates, nitrogen oxides, nitric acid, nitrous acid, nitrogen trichloride [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1562]. Even small amounts of oxygen in phosphine form an explosive mixture. It autoignites at low pressures [Fisher, E. O. et al., Angew. Chem., 1968, 7, p. 136]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea; thirst; chest pressure, dyspnea; muscle pain; chills; stupor or syncope

Health Effects:
acute and chronic systemic toxicity (central nervous system effects, lung edema and anemia)

Synonyms:
Hydrogen phosphide, Phosphorated hydrogen, Phosphorus hydride, Phosphorus trihydride

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a fish- or garlic-like odor.

Notes 2:
[pesticide] [Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas. Pure compound is odorless.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Nau, vomit, abdom pain, diarr; thirst; chest tight, dysp; musc pain, chills; stupor or syncope; pulm edema; liquid: frostbite


PEL NOTES:
MINIMIZE EXPOSURE TO NIAX (R) CATALYST ESN

REL NOTES:
MINIMIZE EXPOSURE TO NIAX (R) CATALYST ESN

Symptoms:
possible urinary dysfunction, neurological disorders; in animals: irritation eyes, skin

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, urinary tract, peripheral nervous system

Synonyms:
NIAX ®A99; NIAX ®Catalyst A1; 2,2'-Oxybis(N,N-dimethyl ethylamine)

Exposure Symptoms:
Possible urinary dysfunc, neurological disorders; in animals: irrit eyes, skin


General Desc:
Dark brown to black, odorless solid. [fungicide] (NIOSH, 1997)

Properties:
Melting Point:  >356¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  416.5 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  800 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  0.01% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Strong oxidizers, moisture (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
eye, respiratory tract irritation; dermatitis; gastrointestinal disturbance

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---mild; suspect teratogen


REL NOTES:
RESPIRABLE FRACTION, CONTAINING NO ASBESTOS AND <1% QUARTZ


General Desc:
Ethyleneimine is a clear, colorless liquid with an ammonia-like odor.  It has a flash point of 12 deg. F.  It is flammable over a wide range of vapor-air concentrations.  The vapors are initially irritating to the skin, eyes, nose, and throat.  Prolonged exposure may have an adverse health effects from inhalation, skin absorption, or ingestion.  It is lighter than water and soluble in water.  The vapors are heavier than air.  Prolonged exposure of containers of the material to fire or heat may result in its polymerization and a violent rupturing of the container.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  12¦ F (cc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  3.6 % (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  46 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  608¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -98¦ F Freezing Point (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  160 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  1.48 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  0.83 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  131 to 133¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  43.07 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  100 ppm; Not applicable for Ethyleneimine, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.5 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Miscible (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Ethyleneimine exposure may result in delayed pulmonary edema within 24 to 48 hours.  Also, acute effects such as nausea, eye irritation, etc., are often delayed for 30 minutes to 3 hours.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Ethyleneimine Exposure: Acute exposure to ethyleneimine may result in irritation and burning of the eyes, nose, throat, respiratory tract, and mucous membranes.  Dermal sensitization may occur.  Corneal damage, bone marrow depression, delayed coughing, and laryngeal and pulmonary edema may also occur.  Gastrointestinal effects may include nausea and vomiting.  Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage) may be observed. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to ethyleneimine may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to ethyleneimine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Rush to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to ethyleneimine. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  DO NOT induce vomiting. 4.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 5.  Rush to a health care facility.  (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped; use water in flooding quantities as a fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.If tank car or truck is involved in fire, isolate the surrounding area in a 1/2 mile radius.Dry chemical, alcohol foam, or carbon dioxide are useful for small fires. For large fires: water spray, fog or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
Reactivity in Water: Mild reaction, non-hazardousContact with silver or aluminum may cause polymerization.Polymerization: Explosive polymerization can occur when in contact with acids. (USCG, 1999)

Symptoms:
nausea, vomiting; headaches; dizziness; pulmonary edema; liver and kidney damage; eye burns; skin sensitization; nose and throat irritation; (carcinogenic)

Health Effects:
cancer (animals); irritation of eyes and nose lung & kidney damage (TLV)

Synonyms:
Aminoethylene, Azirane, Aziridine, Dimethyleneimine, Dimethylenimine, Ethylenimine (inhibited), Ethylimine

Notes 2:
[Note: Usually contains inhibitors to prevent polymerization.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; nau, vomit; head, dizz; pulm edema; liver, kidney damage; eye burns; skin sens; [carc]


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Colorless crystals; off-white crystalline solid. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  144.5-145.2¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0028 mm Hg at 73¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  277-280¦ F at 11 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  230.91 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

REL NOTES:
TWA = RESPIRABLE FRACTION, 15 mg/m3 TOTAL DUST , STEL = TOTAL DUST

Symptoms:
no adverse effects noted in ingestion studies with animals.

Synonyms:
2-Chloro-6-(trichloro-methyl)pyridine; Nitrapyrin; N-serve ; 2,2,2,6-Tetrachloro-2-picoline

Physical Description:
Colorless or white, crystalline solid with a mild, sweet odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
No adverse effects noted in ingestion studies with animals.


General Desc:
Light yellow crystalline powder, aromatic odor.

This material is used as an insecticide for cotton and an acaricide. (EPA, 1998)

Properties:
Melting Point:  97¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0003 mm at 212¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.27 at 77 ¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  323.3 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  5 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 mg/m3  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Extremely hazardous by skin contact.  Effects may be delayed up to 12 hours.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute EPN Exposure: Acute exposure to EPN may produce the following signs and symptoms: pinpoint pupils, blurred vision, headache, dizziness, muscle spasms, and profound weakness.  Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, seizures, and coma may also occur.  The heart rate may decrease following oral exposure or increase following dermal exposure.  Hypertension (high blood pressure) is not uncommon.  Respiratory symptoms include dyspnea (shortness of breath), respiratory depression and respiratory paralysis.  Giddiness, slurred speech, confusion, and psychosis may also be observed. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to EPN may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to EPN. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to EPN. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas three times with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure:  1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of EPN is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 4.Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of EPN may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 4. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Ventilate area of spill. Cover with soda ash, mix, and spray with water. Place in container of water and allow to stand for 2 days, then neutralize with 6 molar hydrochloric acid. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
(Non-Specific -- Organophosphorus Pesticide, n.o.s.) Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; do not scatter the material. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing.(Non-Specific -- Organophosphorus Pesticide, n.o.s.) For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

TLV NOTES:
BEI;MEASURED AS INHALABLE FRACTION OF THE AEROSOL, SKIN

Symptoms:
miosis, lacrimation; rhinorrhea; headaches; tightness chest, wheezing, laryngeal spasms; salivation; cyanosis; anorexia; nausea, abdominal cramps, diarrhea; paralysis, convulsions; low blood pressure; cardiac irregularities; eye, skin irritation

Health Effects:
cholinesterase inhibition; LD50 (oral, rat) 26 mg/kg

Synonyms:
Ethyl p-nitrophenyl benzenethionophosphonate, O-Ethyl O-(4-nitrophenyl) phenylphosphonothioate

Notes 2:
[pesticide] [Note: A brown liquid above 97ºF.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; miosis, lac; rhin; head; chest tight, wheez, lar spasm; salv; cyan; anor, nau, abdom cramps, diarr; para, convuls; low BP, card irreg


General Desc:
Caesium hydroxide is colorless to yellow colored crystalline solid.  It will dissolve in water to produce a very strong corrosive (alkaline) solution.  It is very corrosive to skin and eyes.  It is used in electric storage batteries. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  522¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  3.68 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  149.9 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  2 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(59¦F): 395% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
EYES: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Use dry chemical, dry sand, or carbon dioxide.  Do not use water on material itself.  If large quantities of combustibles are involved, use water in flooding quantities as spray and fog. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Water, acids, CO2, metals (e.g., Al, Pb, Sn, Zn), oxygen [Note: CsOH is a strong base, causing the generation of considerable heat in contact with water or moisture.] (NIOSH, 1997)

Physical Description:
Colorless or yellowish, crystalline solid.


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Clear, pale yellow liquid.

PHYSICAL DATA:  This compound has a pungent odor. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  133.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.93 at 59 ¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  148.16 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  < 1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION.  Then, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Your contaminated clothing and absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this chemical under refrigerated temperatures, and keep it away from oxidizing materials.  STORE AWAY FROM SOURCES OF IGNITION. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound may react with strong oxidizers. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, nose, respiratory system; lacrimation (discharge of tears)

Synonyms:
4,5-Dithia-1-octene; Onion oil; 2-Propenyl propyl disulfide; Propyl allyl disulfide

Physical Description:
Pale-yellow liquid with a strong & irritating onion-like odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: The chief volatile component of onion oil.]


General Desc:
1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene is a colorless liquid with a peculiar odor.  It is insoluble in water and lighter than water.  It has a flash point near 123 deg. F.  It may be toxic by ingestion and inhalation.  It is used to make plastics and dyes. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  122¦ F (cc) (NIOSH, 1997)

Melting Point:  -49¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  2 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.86 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  329¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  120.2 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  25 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  35 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.002% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Oxidizers, nitric acid (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, respiratory system; bronchitis; hypochromic anemia; headache, drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, incoordination; vomiting, confusion; chemical pneumonia (aspiration liquid)

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; cumulative central nervous system effects; anemia

Physical Description:
Clear, colorless liquid with a distinctive, aromatic odor.

Notes 2:
Isomers include: 1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene; 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene; 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene

Exposure Symptoms:
Irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat, respiratory system; bronchitis; hypochromic anemia; headache, drowsiness, fatigue, dizziness, nausea, incoordination; vomiting, confusion; chemical pneumonia (aspiration liquid)


General Desc:
Diquat is a yellow crystalline solid dissolved in a liquid carrier.  It is a water emulsifiable liquid.  The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  Since it is a liquid it can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate groundwater and nearby streams.  It can cause illness by inhalation, skin absorption and/or ingestion.  It is used as a herbicide. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  <608¦ F (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  <0.000010 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.22-1.27 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  344.08 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  0.5 mg/m3, Dust; 0.1 mg/m3, Respirable Fraction (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is light sensitive.  Solutions of this compound are stable in neutral and acid solutions; however, they are unstable in alkaline solutions.REACTIVITY:  This compound can corrode aluminum and other metals. (NTP, 1992)


General Desc:
Cyclopentane is a clear colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor.  It has a flash point of -35 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  < 20¦ F (cc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.1 % (approx.) (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  8.7 % (approx.) (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  682¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -137.0¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  400 mm at 88¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.75 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  120.7¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  70.1 (USCG, 1999)

TLV TWA:  600 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.  Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Strong oxidizers (e.g., chlorine, bromine, fluorine) (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, nose, throat; lightheadedness, dizziness, euphoria, incoordination, nausea, vomiting, stupor; dry, cracking skin

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; li-head, dizz, euph, inco, nau, vomit, stupor; dry, cracking skin


General Desc:
Chlorpyrifos is a white crystalline or irregularly flaked solid.  It has a very faint mercaptan-type odor.  It is not soluble in water.  It can cause slight irritation to the eye and skin. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  108-110¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0000187 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  12.09 (calculated) (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.40 (Liquid at 110¦F) (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  320¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  350.59 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  0.2 mg/m3  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  0.6 mg/m3  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  approximately 2 mg/L at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to heat and is decomposed by moisture.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is hydrolyzed by strong alkalis.  It is corrosive to copper and brass.  It is also corrosive to copper alloys.  It reacts with water and most reactive hydrogen compounds.  The rate of hydrolysis in water increases with pH, with temperature and with the presence of copper and possibly other metals that can form chelates. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
wheezing, laryngeal spasms, salivation; bluish lips, skin; miosis, blurred vision; nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea

Health Effects:
cholinesterase inhibition; LD50 (oral, rat) 97 mg/kg

Target Organ:
respiratory system, central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, plasma cholinesterase

Synonyms:
Chlorpyrifos-ethyl; O,O-Diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothioate; Dursban®

Physical Description:
Colorless to white, crystalline solid with a mild, mercaptan-like odor.

Notes 2:
[pesticide] [Note: Commercial formulations may be combined with combustible liquids.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Wheez, lar spasms, salv; bluish lips, skin; miosis, blurred vision; nau, vomit, abdom cramps, diarr


Symptoms:
in animals:  eye, mucous membrane irritation; dermatitis

Target Organ:
skin, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, central nervous system

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a weak, peppermint-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irrit eyes, muc memb; narco; derm


General Desc:
Colorless, crystalline solid. [herbicide] (NIOSH, 1997)

Properties:
Melting Point:  257¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0000004 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.31 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  None reported (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  214.3 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  0.1% (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
in animals: central nervous system depressant/depression; thyroid, liver enzyme changes

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: CNS depres; thyroid, liver enzyme changes


Symptoms:
pneumoconiosis, coughing, dyspnea; weakness; weight loss

Synonyms:
Biotite, Lepidolite, Margarite, Muscovite, Phlogopite, Roscoelite, Zimmwaldite

Physical Description:
Colorless, odorless flakes or sheets of hydrous silicates.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes; pneumoconiosis, cough, dysp; weak; low-wgt


Reactivity:
Stable in the solid state as a bulk drug and when present in solid dosage forms. (IARC)  Sensitive to light. (CRC Handbook)  Neutral and acid solutions are stable on heating. (Merck)

Symptoms:
Nausea, vomiting, metabolic acidosis, hypotention, hypothermia, abdominal distention, cardiovascular collapse, and coma (Acute overdose information, TOXNET HSDB); headache, confusion, delerium, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (reported with therapeutic use, TOXNET HSDB)

Health Effects:
Induces aplastic anemia, and this condition is related to the occurance of leukemia. (IARC)  Contact dermatitis has been reported with therapeutic use (TOXNET, HSDB)

Physical Description:
White to greyish-white or yellowish-white fine crystalline powder or fine crystals, needles or elongated plates (IARC).

Notes 2:
[Note: Has been used widely as an antibiotic since the 1950s.]


General Desc:
Ethylhexoic acid is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor.  It will burn though it may take some effort to ignite.  It is slightly soluble in water.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue.  It is used to make paint dryers and plasticizers.

First Aid:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates.

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Solid streams of water may be ineffective.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.

Reactivity:
No rapid reaction with air.  No rapid reaction with water.
ETHYLHEXOIC ACID is a carboxylic acid. Carboxylic acids donate hydrogen ions if a base is present to accept them.  They react in this way with all bases, both organic (for example, the amines) and inorganic.  Their reactions with bases, called "neutralizations", are accompanied by the evolution of substantial amounts of heat.  Neutralization between an acid and a base produces water plus a salt.  Carboxylic acids with six or fewer carbon atoms are freely or moderately soluble in water; those with more than six carbons are slightly soluble in water.  Soluble carboxylic acid dissociate to an extent in water to yield hydrogen ions.  The pH of solutions of carboxylic acids is therefore less than 7.0.  Many insoluble carboxylic acids react rapidly with aqueous solutions containing a chemical base and dissolve as the neutralization generates a soluble salt.  Carboxylic acids in aqueous solution and liquid or molten carboxylic acids can react with active metals to form gaseous hydrogen and a metal salt.  Such reactions occur in principle for solid carboxylic acids as well, but are slow if the solid acid remains dry.  Even "insoluble" carboxylic acids may absorb enough water from the air and dissolve sufficiently in it to corrode or dissolve iron, steel, and aluminum parts and containers.  Carboxylic acids, like other acids, react with cyanide salts to generate gaseous hydrogen cyanide.  The reaction is slower for dry, solid carboxylic acids.  Insoluble carboxylic acids react with solutions of cyanides to cause the release of gaseous hydrogen cyanide.  Flammable and/or toxic gases and heat are generated by the reaction of carboxylic acids with diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides.  Carboxylic acids, especially in aqueous solution, also react with sulfites, nitrites, thiosulfates (to give H2S and SO3), dithionites (SO2), to generate flammable and/or toxic gases and heat.  Their reaction with carbonates and bicarbonates generates a harmless gas (carbon dioxide) but still heat.  Like other organic compounds, carboxylic acids can be oxidized by strong oxidizing agents and reduced by strong reducing agents.  These reactions generate heat.  A wide variety of products is possible.  Like other acids, carboxylic acids may initiate polymerization reactions; like other acids, they often catalyze (increase the rate of) chemical reactions.

Symptoms:
Symptoms of exposure may include burning sensation, coughing, wheezing, laryngitis, shortness of breath, headache, nausea and vomiting.

Health Effects:
Material is extremely destructive to tissues of mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract, eyes and skin.  Inhalation may be fatal as a result of spasm, inflammation and edema of the larynx, bronchii, chemical pneumonitis and pulmonary edema.

Physical Description:
Colorless to light yellow liquid with a mild odor.


General Desc:
Yellow crystals melting at15°C. Hence often encountered as a light yellow liquid with a weak sour odor.  Vapor has a green color and burns with a violet flame.

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you should spill this chemical, use absorbent paper to pick up all liquid spill material.  Seal the absorbent paper, as well as any of your clothing which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash any surfaces you may have contaminated with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should keep this material in a tightly closed container under an inert atmosphere, and store it at ambient temperatures.

Reactivity:
Mixtures with air may explode. Polymerizes quickly on standing, or on contact with a trace of water (possibly a violent reaction), or when dissolved in solvents containing water, [Merck, 502(1968)].  Soluble in water. An aqueous solution contains mono molecular glyoxal. [Hawley]
GLYOXAL reacts vigorously with strong oxidizing agents such as nitric acid.  Polymerizes rapidly even at low temperature if anhydrous [Noller]. Aqueous solutions are more stable but also polymerize on standing. Reacts with itself in the presence of base to give glyconates. Undergoes addition and condensation reactions that may be exothermic with amines, amides, aldehydes, and hydroxide-containing materials. Mixing in equal molar portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: chlorosulfonic acid, oleum, ethyleneimine, nitric acid, sodium hydroxide [NFPA 1991].

TLV NOTES:
VAPOR AND AEROSOL;MEASURED AS INHALABLE FRACTION AND VAPOR, SENSITIZER

Health Effects:
Inhalation causes some irritation of nose and,40% solution throat.  Contact with liquid,40% solution irritates eyes and causes mild irritation of skin; stains skin yellow.  (No information available on symptoms of ingestion.)


Firefighting:
This chemical has a flash point of 51ºC (125ºF).  It is combustible.  Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher.  (NTP)

Reactivity:
REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.  STABILITY: This chemical may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.  When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of chlorine, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride gas.  (NTP)

Symptoms:
The vapor or mist is irritating to the skin, eyes, mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract.  It may be absorbed through the skin.  Other symptoms include nasal irritation, nausea, vomiting, giddiness, dizziness, incoordination, visual disturbances and coma.  (NTP)

Health Effects:
May cause hemolysis, central nervous system effects and liver and kidney damage.  (NTP)

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiraoty systesm, central nervous system, liver, and kidneys

Synonyms:
SEC-PROPYLENE CHLOROHYDRIN,  ALPHA-PROPYLENE CHLOROHYDRIN, 1-CHLOROISOPROPYL ALCOHOL, 1-CHLORO-2-HYDROXYPROPANE


Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, mucous membrane; thermal skin burns; headache; sore throat; in animals: liver, kidney damage

Synonyms:
o(m or p)-Diphenylbenzene; 1,2(3 or 4)-Diphenylbenzene; 2(3 or 4)-Phenylbiphenyl; 1,2(3 or 4)-Terphenyl; ortho(meta or para)-Terphenyl; o(m or p)-Triphenyl

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; thermal skin burns; head; sore throat; in animals: liver, kidney damage


Reactivity:
Chemically-active metals such as potassium, beryllium, powdered aluminum, zinc, calcium, magnesium & sodium  acids

Symptoms:
central nervous system depression; pulmonary edema; eye, skin irritation; drowsiness; dyspnea

Synonyms:
2,2-Difluoro-1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane; Freon ® 112a; Halocarbon 112a; Refrigerant 112a

Physical Description:
Colorless solid with a slight, ether-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; CNS depres; pulm edema; drow; dysp


Reactivity:
Chemically-active metals such as potassium, beryllium, powdered aluminum, zinc, magnesium, calcium & sodium; acids

Symptoms:
skin irritation; conjunctivitis; pulmonary edema

Health Effects:
cumulative liver damage; lung edema; narcosis; irritation-eyes, skin---mild

Synonyms:
1,2-Difluoro-1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane; Freon®112; Halocarbon 112; Refrigerant 112

Physical Description:
Colorless solid or liquid (above 77ºF) with a slight, ether-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irrit eyes, skin; conj; pulm edema; narco


Symptoms:
irritation skin, respiratory system; dermatitis; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Target Organ:
skin, respiratory system, bladder cancer


Physical Description:
White or greenish (chrysotile), blue (crocidolite), or gray-green (amosite) fibrous, odorless solids.


Physical Description:
White to gray, odorless solid.  Brittle texture.  Common contaminant in chrysotile and talc deposits.


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Watery liquid

Odor: Sweet odor

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Sinks in water.  Flammable, irritating vapor is produced. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  60¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  3.4% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  14.5% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1035¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -148¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  40 mm Hg at 66.9¦ F; 42 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.9 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.1560 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  203-205¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  112.99 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  400 ppm; Not applicable for Propylene dichloride, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  75 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  110 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 70.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical. (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to heat.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical reacts with strong oxidizers and strong acids.   It also reacts with aluminum.  When confined, this reaction can lead to an explosion.  It is incompatible with bases and aluminum alloys.  It will attack some forms of plastics, rubber and coatings. (NTP, 1992)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); REDUCE EXPOSURE TO LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION (LOQ 0.03 ppm)

Symptoms:
eye, skin irritation; drowsiness, lightheadedness; (carcinogenic); in animals:  liver, kidney disease; skin irritation

Health Effects:
cumulative liver and kidney damage; narcosis; irritation-eyes, nose, throat---moderate

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; drow, li-head; liver, kidney damage; in animals: CNS depres; [carc]


General Desc:
Diisobutylenes, sec-butyl alcohol is a clear, colorless liquid with an alcohol odor.  It has a flash point of less than 0 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and the vapors are heavier than air.  It is not soluble in water.  It is moderately irritating to the eyes and skin.  Prolonged and repeated contact can cause defatting and drying of the skin.  The vapors may cause irritation to the nose, throat and respiratory tract.  It may be harmful if swallowed. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  < 0¦ F (cc) (AAR, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.7 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Upper Exp Limit:  9.8 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Melting Point:  -175¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  12 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.81 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  211¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  74.1 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  2000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  100 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  150 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  16% (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Solid streams of water may be ineffective.  Use "alcohol" foam, dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Do not use water.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Attacks plastics.  (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 236). Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water (Merck 11th ed. 1989).  Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid (Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73 1967; J, Org. Chem. 28:1893 1963). Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites (NFPA 491 M 1991). Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence (Wischmeyer 1969). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---mild; narcosis;

Synonyms:
2-Butanol, Butylene hydrate, 2-Hydroxybutane, Methyl ethyl carbinol

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a strong, pleasant odor.


General Desc:
Stibine is a highly toxic by inhalation, colorless gas with a disagreeable odor.  It presents a moderate fire hazard and may yield toxic fumes when heated above 392 deg. F., and is irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  Stibine is heavier than air.  If exposed to prolonged fire or intense heat, the container may rupture violently or rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -126¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  greater than 1 atm (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  -1¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  124.8 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  5 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  insufficient data (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  0.5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  1.5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Slight (NIOSH, 1997)

Firefighting:
Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped.  Do not apply water to point of leak in tank car or container.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  An explosion occurs if stibine is heated with ammonia or chlorine. Stibine and concentrated nitric acid explode (Mellor 9:397 (1946-47). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
headaches; weakness; nausea, abdominal pain; lumbar pain; hemoglobinuria, hematuria; hemolytic anemia; jaundice; lung irritation

Health Effects:
acute systemic toxicity (hemolysis); central nervous system effects

Target Organ:
blood, liver, kidneys, respiratory system

Synonyms:
Antimony hydride, Antimony trihydride, Hydrogen antimonide

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a disagreeable odor like hydrogen sulfide.

Exposure Symptoms:
Head, weak; nau, abdom pain; lumbar pain, hemog, hema, hemolytic anemia; jaun; pulm irrit


Reactivity:
Powerful oxidizers: fluorine, chlorine, trifluoride, manganese trioxide, oxygen difluoride, hydrogen peroxide, etc.; acetylene; ammonia

PEL NOTES:
SEE QUARTZ LISTING. TWA TOTAL DUST = [(30mg/m3)/(%SiO2+2)], TWA RESPIRABLE FRACTION = [(10mg/m3)/(%SiO2+2)] OR [(250mppcf)/(%SiO2+5)]

Symptoms:
cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), wheezing; decreased pulmonary function, progressive respiratory symptoms (silicosis); irritation eyes; [potential occupational carcinogen]

Target Organ:
eyes, respiratory system, in animals: lung cancer

Physical Description:
Colorless, odorless solid. [Note: A component of many mineral dusts.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), wheezing; decreased pulmonary function, progressive respiratory symptoms (silicosis); irritation eyes; [Potential human carcinogen]


General Desc:
Cyanogen is a liquefied gas with an odor of almonds.  It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its vapor pressure.  Its vapor is heavier than air and a flame can travel back to the source of leak very easily.  Material is soluble in water and slowly decomposed by water to oxalic acid, a non-regulated material, and ammonia.  Prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat may cause the containers to violently rupture and rocket.  It is used to make other chemicals, as a fumigant, and as a rocket propellant. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  6.6 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  43 % (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -18.2¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  5.1 atm at 70¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.95 (Liquid at -6¦F) (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  -6.1¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  52.0 (USCG, 1999)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  1% (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless, flammable, highly toxic gas. It can react explosively with strong oxidants (dichlorine oxide, fluorene, oxygen, ozone). When heated to decompositon or on contact with acids, acid fumes, water or steam it will react to produce deadly hydrogen cyanide gas and oxides of nitrogen [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 945]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, nose, upper respiratory system; lacrimation (discharge of tears); cherry red lips, tachypnea, hypernea, bradycardia; headache, vertigo (an illusion of movement), convulsions; dizziness, loss of appetite, weight loss; liquid: frostbite

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---moderate; acute toxicity (cyanosis)

Target Organ:
eyes, respiratory system, central nervous system, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
Carbon nitride, Dicyan, Dicyanogen, Ethanedinitrile, Oxalonitrile

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a pungent, almond-like odor.

Notes 2:
[Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas. Forms cyanide in the body.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, upper resp sys; lac; cherry red lips, tachypnea, hypernea, bradycardia; head, verti, convuls; dizz, loss of appetite, low-wgt; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
2,2-Dimethylpropane (or neopentane) has a boiling point of 40 deg. F.  and therefore could exist as a liquid at low ambient temperature.  It is lighter than water.  The vapors are colorless and very flammable with a flash point of -85 deg. F.  It has an autoignition temperature of 842 deg. F.  It is insoluble in water but soluble in alcohol.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -85¦ F (unspc) (¬ AAR, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  842¦ F (¬ AAR, 1999)

Boiling Point:  40¦ F at 760 mm (¬ AAR, 1999)


General Desc:
Trinitrophenylmethylnitramine is a yellow crystalline solid high explosive.  It is toxic by ingestion and skin absorption and its a skin irritant.  It will explode if heated above 370 deg. F.  It is used as a detonating explosive.  The primary hazard is blast where the entire load can explode instantaneously and not from flying projectiles and fragments. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  268¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.57 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  356-374 (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  287.2 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  750 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1.5 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.02% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.  Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, promptly wash the contaminated skin with soap and water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing promptly remove the clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Get medical attention promptly.  Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  During the measurement of the shock sensitivity of a mixture containing hydrazine, a drop of the hydrazine mixture fell on a tetryl explosive. The tetryl immediately burst into flames (ASESB 105). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
sensitization dermatitis, itching, erythema; edema on nasal folds, cheeks, neck; keratitis; sneezing, coughing, coryza; irritability, fatigue, malaise, headaches, lassitude, insomnia; nausea, vomiting; anemia

Health Effects:
contact dermatitis, skin sensitization/cumulative systemic toxicity; mutagen; central nervous system effects

Physical Description:
Colorless to yellow, odorless, crystalline solid.

Exposure Symptoms:
Sens derm, itch, eryt; edema on nasal folds, cheeks, neck; kera; sneez; anemia; ftg; cough, coryza; irrity; mal, head, lass, insom; nau, vomit; liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
This material contains benzo-A-pyrene which if released presents a threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limits its spread to the environment.  Since it is a liquid it can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate ground water or nearby streams. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  349.7-351.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.00000000549 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  8.7 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  >1 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  887¦ F at 760 mm Hg (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  252.32 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  Suspected human carcinogen. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 63¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical undergoes photo-oxidation after irradiation in indoor sunlight or by fluorescent light in organic solvents.  Solutions of this chemical in benzene oxidize under the influence of light and air.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with strong oxidizers.  It readily undergoes nitration and halogenation.  Ozone, chromic acid and chlorinating agents oxidize this compound.  This chemical may react with organic and inorganic oxidants including various electrophiles, peroxides, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides.  Hydrogenation occurs with platinum oxide. (NTP, 1992)

PEL NOTES:
COAL TAR PITCH VOLATILE; SEE 29 CFR 1910.1002 (DEFINITION)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca); COAL TAR PITCH VOLATILE, CYCLOHEXANE-EXTRACTABLE FRACTION

Carcinogen:
IARC 2A, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, TLV-A2, EPA-B2

Exposure Symptoms:
dermatitis, bronchitis, [Potential occupational carcinogen]


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Liquid

Odor: Mild

Color: Colorless

Characteristics in Water: Floats on water.  Flammable, irritating vapor is produced. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  72¦ F (cc) (NIOSH, 1997)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.5 % (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.87 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  208¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  116.16 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  1500 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  200 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, flush the contaminated skin with water promptly. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water promptly. If irritation persists after washing, get medical attention.  Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents Not to Be Used: Water may be ineffective.Fire Extinguishing Agents: Alcohol foam, CO 2 , dry chemical (USCG, 1999)

Symptoms:
itching, inflamed eyes; irritated upper respiratory system; headaches; narcosis; dermatitis

Target Organ:
respiratory system, eyes, skin, central nervous system

Exposure Symptoms:
Itch, inflamm eyes; irrit upper resp tract; head; narco; derm


General Desc:
Dichloropropene is a clear colorless liquid.  It has a flash point of 95 deg. F.  It is heavier than water and insoluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It weighs 10.2 lbs./gal.  It is used to make other chemicals and as soil fumigant. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  95¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  5.3% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  14.5% (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -119¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  27.9 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 28 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.83 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.217 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  219¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  110.97 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  1 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 61.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Combustion products include corrosive or toxic vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.  Apply approriate foam to diminish vapor and fire hazard.    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Solid streams of water may spread fire.  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to heat.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical reacts vigorously with oxidizing materials.  It reacts with aluminum, active metals and halogenated compounds.  It also reacts with acids and thiocyanates.  It is corrosive to magnesium, magnesium alloys and aluminum alloys.  It is also incompatible with some metal salts. (NTP, 1992)

Carcinogen:
IARC-2B, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-R, TLV-A3, EPA-B2, EPA-L

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; eye, skin burns; lacrimation (discharge of tears); headache, dizziness; in animals; liver, kidney damage; potential occupational carcinogen

Synonyms:
3-Chloroallyl chloride; DCP; 1,3-Dichloro-1-propene; 1,3-Dichloropropylene; Telone®

Physical Description:
Colorless to straw-colored liquid with a sharp, sweet, irritating, chloroform-like odor.

Notes 2:
[insecticide] [Note: Exists as mixture of cis- & trans-isomers.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; eye, skin burns; lac; head, dizz; in animals; liver, kidney damage; [carc]


General Desc:
Glycerine is generally a colorless to brown colored liquid.  It is soluble in water.  It is combustible though it may require some effort to ignite.  The residual sodium hydroxide (lye) is what causes this material to be corrosive to metals and/or tissue. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  320¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  698¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  64.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0025 mm Hg at 122¦ F; 40 mm Hg at 388¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.17 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.2613 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  554¦ F (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  92.09 (NTP, 1992)

TLV TWA:  10 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 64¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is hygroscopic.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with strong oxidizers.  It is also incompatible with hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate, nitric acid + sulfuric acid, perchloric acid + lead oxide, acetic anhydride, aniline + nitrobenzene, Ca(OCl)2, CrO3, F2 + PbO, KMnO4, K2O2, AgClO4 and NaH.  A mixture with chlorine explodes if heated to 158-176 F.  It reacts with acetic acid, potassium peroxide, sodium peroxide, hydrochloric acid, (HClO4 + PbO) and Na2O2.  Contact with potassium chlorate may be explosive.  It also reacts with ethylene oxide, perchloric acid, nitric acid + hydrofluoric acid and phosphorus triiodide. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; headache, nausea, vomiting; kidney injury

Synonyms:
Glycerin (anhydrous); Glycerol; Glycyl alcohol; 1,2,3-Propanetriol; Trihydroxypropane

Physical Description:
Clear, colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid or solid (below 64ºF).

Notes 2:
[Note: The solid form melts above 64ºF but the liquid form freezes at a much lower temperature.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; head, nau, vomit; kidney inj


General Desc:
Chlorine trifluoride is a colorless gas or green liquid with a pungent odor.  It becomes a gas at 53 deg. F.  It reacts with water to form chlorine and hydrofluoric acid with release of heat.  Contact with organic materials may result in spontaneous ignition.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue.  Prolonged exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations may result in adverse health effects.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the container may violently rupture and rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -105¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  1.4 atm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.77 (Liquid at 53¦F) (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  53¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  92.5 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  20 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 ppm  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  0.1 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  1 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  10 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reacts (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. Swallow: If this chemical in liquid form has been swallowed, get medical attention immediately. (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Do not use water on material itself.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  A violent reaction occurs with water or ice generating acidic HF and chlorine, Sidgwick, 1156(1950). The release of Chlorine Trifluoride to the atmosphere rapidly generates two toxic reaction products: HF and Chlorine Dioxide, Lombardi, D.A. and M.D. Cheng 1996. "Modeling Accidental Releases of Chlorine Trifluoride to the Atmosphere," Paper No. 96-WP66B.02, presented at the 89th Annual Meeting of the Air and Waste Management Association, Nashville, Tennessee, June 23-26.CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A low-boiling liquid (b.p. 12 C), in gaseous state irritating and toxic. A highly reactive oxidant reagent, spontaneously flammable, used as a rocket propellant. Incompatible with fuels, nitro compounds. Interaction with water is violent and may be explosive, even with ice [ Sidgwick, 1950, p. 1156]. Immediate explosive reaction with hydrocarbons or halocarbons even at -70 C [Brower, K. R., J. Fluorine Chem., 1986, 31, p. 333]. Solution with carbon tetrachloride capable of detonation, solutions with nitroaryl compounds (TNT, hexanitrobiphenyl) or highly chlorinated compounds are extremely shock-sensitive. Violent, sometimes explosive reaction with hydrogen containing materials, e.g., acetic acid, ammonia, benzene, ether, coal gas, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide, methane, or fluoroamino compounds. Ignition with fibrous materials (cotton, paper, wood). [Mellor, 1956, vol. 2, suppl. 1, p. 155]. Explosive gaseous products (chlorodifluoroamine) formed with ammonium fluoride or ammonium hydrogen fluoride [Gardner, D. M. et al., Inorg., Chem., 1963, 2, p. 413]. Ignition on contact with iodine, boron-containing materials (boron powder, tetraboron carbide, boron-aluminum), fibrous or finaly divided refractory materials (asbestos, glass, wool, sand, tungsten carbide). Violent reaction with mineral acids (nitric acid, sulfuric acid), chromium trioxide, ruthenium metal, selenium tetrafluoride. [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1235]. Chlorine trifluoride is a hypergolic oxidizer and contact with a number of metals and their oxides (aluminum, antimony, arsenic, calcium, copper, iridium, iron, lithium, lead, magnesium, molybdenum, osmium, potassium, rhodium, sodium, selenium, silver, tellurium, tin, tungsten, zinc), nonmetals (phosphorus, silicon, sulfur), salts (mercury iodide, potassium iodide, silver, nitrate, potassium carbonate) will result in a violent reaction often followed by ignition [Mellor, 1956, vol.2, suppl. 1, p. 155; Sidgwick, 1950, p. 1156]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, skin burns;  in animals:  lacrimation, corneal ulcers; pulmonary edema

Physical Description:
Colorless gas or a greenish-yellow liquid (below 53ºF) with a somewhat sweet, suffocating odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Eye, skin burns (liq or high vap conc); resp irrit; in animals: lac, corn ulcer; pulm edema


General Desc:
Tetraethyl lead is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor.  It is insoluble in water.  It is very toxic by inhalation and skin absorption.  It has a flash point of less than 200 deg. F.  It weighs 14 lbs./gal.  It is toxic by inhalation and by skin absorption.  It is insoluble in water. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  200¦ F (unspc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.8 % (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  230¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -202¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.2 mm at 68¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  8.6 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.653 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  392¦ F at 760 mm Decomposes between 230 - 392F. (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  323.45 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  40 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.1 mg/m3  For Lead.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed for hours to days.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Tetraethyllead Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to tetraethyllead may be severe and include anxiety, irritability, insomnia, violent/frightening dreams, headache, disorientation, hyperexcitability, delusions, and hallucinations.  Muscular weakness, ataxia, tremors, convulsions, cerebral edema, and coma may occur.  A metallic taste may be noted.  Sneezing, bronchitis, and pneumonia may be observed.  Bradycardia (slow heart rate), hypotension (low blood pressure), hypothermia, and pallor may also occur.  Gastrointestinal symptoms include vomiting and diarrhea.  Tetraethyllead may irritate moist skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to tetraethyllead may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to tetraethyllead. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  RUSH to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to tetraethyllead. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7).  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Fire fighting should be done from an explosive-resistant location. Use water from unmanned monitors and hose-holders to keep fire-exposed containers cool. When stopping leak, use water spray to protect firefighters. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.Water spray may be used because the material can be cooled below its flash point. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Decomposes under UV light; reacts with fats; reacts violently with oxidants, causing fire and explosion hazards; attacks rubber.  (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 890) (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
insomnia, lassitude, anxiety; tremors; hyper-reflexia, spastic; bradycardia, hypotension; hypothermia; pallor; nausea, anorexia, weight loss; disorientation, hallucinations, psychosis, mania; convulsions; coma; eye irritation

Health Effects:
cumulative liver and kidney damage; acute central nervous system effects; cumulative central nervous system effects; suspect teratogen;

Target Organ:
central nervous system, cardiovascular system, kidneys, eyes

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid (unless dyed red, orange, or blue) with a pleasant, sweet odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Insom, lass, anxiety; tremor, hyper-reflexia, spasticity; bradycardia, hypotension, hypothermia, pallor, nau, anor, low-wgt; conf, halu, psychosis, mania, convuls, coma; eye irrit


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Very hard metal, cubic steel, gray crystals.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Steel gray, lustrous metal. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  3452¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1mm Hg  at 2941¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  7.2 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  4788¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  52.00 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  250 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, dampen the solid spill material with 5% ammonium hydroxide, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with 5% ammonium hydroxide to pick up any remaining material.  Your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper should be sealed in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash all contaminated surfaces with 5% ammonium hydroxide followed by washing with a strong soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this material in a refrigerator. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
REACTIVITY:  Reacts violently with NH4NO3, N2O2, Li, NO, KClO3, SO2. (NTP, 1992)

Physical Description:
Blue-white to steel-gray, lustrous, brittle, hard, odorless solid.


Main Chemical Name:
COBALT METAL AND INORGANIC COMPOUNDS as Co

General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Silver-gray solid; gray powder.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Hard, magnetic, ductile, somewhat malleable metal.  Exists in 2 allotropic forms, at room temperature the hexagonal form is more stable than the cubic form. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  2723¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  8.9 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  5198¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  58.93 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  20 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material.  Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should store this material under ambient temperatures and away from acids and oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher.  Dry sand, dry dolomite or dry graphite powder may also be used. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Pyrophoric cobalt, a black powder, burns brilliantly when exposed to air, Mellor 14:453(1946-1947).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Pyrophoric cobalt decomposes acetylene in the cold and the metal becomes incandescent, Mellor 14:513(1946-1947). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
coughing, dyspnea, decreased pulmonary functioning; low-weight; dermatitis; diffused nodular fibrosis; respiratory hypersensitivity

Health Effects:
asthma; cumulative lung changes; dermatitis

Exposure Symptoms:
Cough, dysp, wheez, decr pulm func; low-wgt; derm; diffuse nodular fib; resp hypersensitivity, asthma

86 REL Notes:
Insufficient evidence to warrant a new exposure limit


REL NOTES:
MEASURED AS RESPIRABLE FRACTION OF THE AEROSOL


General Desc:
Hafnium powder, dry, is a greyish metallic colored powder.  Dust from dry powder may be ignited by static electricity.  The dry powder reacts with moisture to produce hydrogen, a flammable gas.  The heat from this reaction may be sufficient to ignite the hydrogen.  It does not appreciably react with large quantities of water. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  4041¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  13.31 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  8316¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  178.5 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  50 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.5 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Insoluble (NIOSH, 1997)

Firefighting:
Use suitable dry powder.  Use dry chemical or carbon dioxide.  Use water only if flooding quantities are available. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  The dry powder reacts with moisture to produce hydrogen, a flammable gas.  The heat from this reaction may be sufficient to ignite the hydrogen.  It does not appreciably react with large quantities of water. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
in animals:  eye, skin, mucous membrane irritation; liver damage

Health Effects:
cumulative liver damage; irritation-eyes, throat, skin---mild

Synonyms:
Celtium, Elemental hafnium, Hafnium metal

Physical Description:
Highly lustrous, ductile, grayish solid.

Exposure Symptoms:
In animals: irrit eyes, skin, muc memb; liver damage


General Desc:
Tetraethyl silicate or ethyl silicate is a clear colorless liquid with a faint odor.  It has a flash point of 125 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and reacts with water forming a silicone adhesive, a milky white mass.  Its vapors are heavier than air. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  99¦ F (cc)
125¦ F (oc) (USCG, 1999)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.3 % (USCG, 1999)

Upper Exp Limit:  23 % (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -121.9¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  0.93 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  336¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  208.3 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  700 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  10 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  25 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  100 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  300 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reacts (NIOSH, 1997)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Reacts slowly with water to form non-toxic silica and ethyl alcohol (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose irritation;  in animals:  lacrimation; dyspnea, pulmonary edema; tremors, narcosis; anemia; liver, kidney damage

Health Effects:
cumulative kidney, liver and lung damage; irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---mild

Target Organ:
eyes, respiratory system, liver, kidneys, blood, skin

Synonyms:
Ethyl orthosilicate, Ethyl silicate (condensed), Tetraethoxysilane, Tetraethyl orthosilicate, Tetraethyl silicate

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a sharp, alcohol-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose; in animals: lac; dysp, pulm edema; tremor, narco; liver, kidney damage; anemia


General Desc:
ortho-Toluidine is a clear colorless or light yellow liquid, may become reddish brown on exposure to air and light.  It has a flash point of 185 deg. F.  It is about the same weight as water and is very slightly soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  185¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.5% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  900¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  2.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.1 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 0.3 mm Hg at 86¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.69 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.004 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  392-396¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  107.16 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  50 ppm; Not applicable for o-Toluidine, a potential human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  2 ppm  Suspected human carcinogen.  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  5-10 mg/mL at 59¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless liquid, toxic, flammable, confirmed carcinogen. Can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of oxides of nitrogen . Hypergolic reaction with red fuming nitric acid [Kit and Evered, 1960, p. 239, 242]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

REL NOTES:
CARCINOGEN (Ca), LOWEST FEASIBLE CONCENTRATION

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, anoxia; headaches; cyanosis; weakness, dizziness, drowsiness, micro hematuria; eye burns; dermatitis [potential occupational carcinogen]

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, blood, kidneys, liver, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
o-Aminotoluene, 2-Aminotoluene, 1-Methyl-2-aminobenzene, o-Methylaniline, 2-Methylaniline, ortho-Toluidine

Physical Description:
Colorless to pale-yellow liquid with an aromatic, aniline-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes; anoxia, head, cyan; weak, dizz, drow; micro hema; eye burns; derm; [carc]


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Clear colorless liquid.

PHYSICAL DATA:  Aromatic, gasoline-like odor. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Flash Point:  136¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -62¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  less than of equal to 1 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.8612 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  379.0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  148.27 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  100 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 63¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing.  INGESTION:  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs.  However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested.  Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound should be stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound may react with oxidizing materials. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye, skin irritation; dry nose, throat; headaches; low blood pressure, tachycardia; abnormal cardiovascular system; central nervous system depression; hematopoietic depression

Health Effects:
central nervous system damage; nausea; cumulative liver, kidney, cardiovascular damage

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, bone marrow, liver, kidneys

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a distinct aromatic odor, somewhat like gasoline.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; dry nose, throat; head; low BP, tacar, abnor CVS stress; CNS, hemato depres; metallic taste; liver, kidney inj


General Desc:
Methanol is a colorless, fairly volatile liquid with a faintly sweet pungent odor like ethyl alcohol.  It is fully soluble in water.  It has a closed cup flash point of 54 deg. F.  The vapors are slightly heavier than air and may travel some distance to a source of ignition and flash back.  Any accumulation of vapors in confined spaces, such as buildings or sewers, may explode if ignited.  It weighs 6.6 lbs./gal.  It is used as a raw material to make chemicals, to remove water from automotive and aviation fuels, as a solvent for paints and plastics, and as an ingredient in a wide variety of products. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  52¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  6.0% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  36.5% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  867¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -144¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  100 mm Hg at 70.2¦ F; 237.87 mm Hg at 100¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  1.11 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.7913 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  148.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  32.04 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  6000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  200 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  250 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  200 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  1000 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  5000 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing pools of liquid.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.    Water spill:  Allow to aerate.  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water (Merck 11th ed. 1989).  Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: an explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid (Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73.  1967;  J, Org. Chem. 28:1893. 1963). Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous-carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites (NFPA 491 M. 1991). Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence, (Wischmeyer 1969). A violent exothermic reaction occured when methyl alcohol and bromine were mixed in a mixing cylinder  (MCA Case History 1863. 1972). A flask of anhydrous lead perchlorate dissolved in methyl alcohol exploded when it was disturbed (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 52:2391. 1930). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye irritation; headaches, drowsiness, lightheadedness; nausea, vomiting; visual disturbance, blindness

Health Effects:
cumulative central nervous system effects; narcosis; irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---mild

Synonyms:
Carbinol, Columbian spirits, Methanol, Pyroligneous spirit, Wood alcohol, Wood naphtha, Wood spirit

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a characteristic pungent odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; head, drow, dizz, verti, li-head, nau, vomit; vis dist, optic nerve damage (blindness); derm


General Desc:
Isopropanol, also known as isopropyl alcohol, is a volatile, colorless liquid with a sharp musty odor like rubbing alcohol.  The substance is fully soluble in water.  It has a flash point of 53 deg. F.  The vapors are heavier than air.  The vapors are mildly irritating to the eyes, nose, and throat.  It weighs approximately 6.5 lbs./gal.  It is used in making cosmetics, skin and hair preparations, pharmaceuticals, perfumes, lacquer formulations, dye solutions, antifreezes, rubbing alcohols, soaps, window cleaners, acetone and other chemicals and products. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  53¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.0% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  12% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  750¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -127.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  33 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 40 mm Hg at 74.8¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.07 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.785 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  180.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  60.10 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2000 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  200 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  400 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Volatile chemicals have a high risk of being aspirated into the victim's lungs during vomiting which increases the medical problems.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is sensitive to heat.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical reacts with air or oxygen to form dangerously unstable peroxides.  Contact with 2-butanone increases the reaction rate for peroxide formation.  A violent, explosive reaction occurs when it is heated with (aluminum isopropoxide + crotonaldehyde).  It forms explosive mixtures with trinitromethane and hydrogen peroxide.  This chemical reacts with barium perchlorate to form a highly explosive compound.  It ignites on contact with dioxygenyl tetrafluoroborate, chromium trioxide and potassium-tert-butoxide.  Vigorous reactions occur with (hydrogen + palladium), nitroform, oleum, COCl2, aluminum triisopropoxide and oxidizers.  It also reacts explosively with phosgene in the presence of iron salts.  It is incompatible with acids, acid anhydrides, halogens and aluminum. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
mild eye, nose, throat irritation; drowsiness; dizziness; headaches; dry cracking skin

Synonyms:
Dimethyl carbinol, IPA, Isopropanol, 2-Propanol, sec-Propyl alcohol, Rubbing alcohol, isopropyl alcohol

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with the odor of rubbing alcohol.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; drow, dizz, head; dry cracking skin; in animals: narco


General Desc:
Acetone is a clear, colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.  It is quite volatile and has a flash point of 0 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  It is used to make other chemicals, in paint and nail polish removers, as a solvent, and for other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.6% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  12.8% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  869¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -137¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  180 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 270 mm Hg at 86¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  2.0 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.791 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  133¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  58.08 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2500 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  750 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  1000 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A mixture of acetone and chloroform in a residue bottle exploded. Since addition of acetone to chloroform in the presence of base will result in a highly exothermic reaction, it is thought that a base was in the bottle (MCA Case History 1661. 1970). Nitrosyl chloride sealed in a tube with a residue of acetone in the presence of platinum catayst gave an explosive reaction ( Chem. Eng. News 35(43):60. 1967). The reaction of nitrsyl perchlorate and acetone ignites and explodes. Explosions occur with mixtures of nitrosyl perchlorate and primary amine (Ann. Chem. 42:2031. 1909). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; headaches, dizziness; dermatitis; central nervous system depressant/depression

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---mild; nervous system disturbances---narcosis; LD50 (oral, rat) 9750 mg/kg

Synonyms:
Dimethyl ketone, Ketone propane, 2-Propanone

Physical Description:
Colorless liquid with a fragrant, mint-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; head, dizz, CNS depres; derm


General Desc:
Ethylamine is a clear colorless gas with an ammonia-like odor.  It has a flash point of less than 0 deg. F.  and is corrosive to the skin and eyes.  It is lighter than water and soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material.  Exposure of the container to prolonged fire or intense heat may cause it to rupture violently and rocket.  It weighs 5.7 lbs./gal. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  <0¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  3.5% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  14% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  724¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -114¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  400 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  1.56 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.689 at 59¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  61.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  45.09 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  600 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  15 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Very soluble (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  CAUTION: Exposure of skin to compressed gases may result in freezing of the skin.  Treatment for frostbite may be necessary.  Remove the victim from the source of contamination.  IMMEDIATELY wash affected areas gently with COLD water (and soap, if necessary) while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Dry carefully with clean, soft towels.  Call a hospital or poison control center IMMEDIATELY even if no symptoms (such as inflammation or irritation) develop.  Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected area if advised to do so by a physician. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  This compound is a gas, therefore inhalation is the first route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to heat.REACTIVITY:  This compound dissolves most paints, plastics and rubber.  It reacts vigorously with oxidizers. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye irritation; skin burns; respiratory irritation; dermatitis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; corneal injury

Physical Description:
Colorless gas or water-white liquid (below 62ºF) with an ammonia-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; skin burns, derm


General Desc:
Acetonitrile is a clear colorless liquid with an ethereal odor.  It has a flash point of 42 deg. F.  It is toxic by skin absorption.  It is lighter than water and soluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air.  Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced during combustion of this material. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  42¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  4.4% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  16% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  975¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -49¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  73 mm Hg at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  1.42 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.7868 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  178.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  41.05 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  500 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  40 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  60 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  greater than or equal to 100 mg/mL at 72.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  When heated to decomposition, it produces deadly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas and oxides of nitrogen. It can react vigorously with strong oxidizing reagents, sulfuric acid, chlorosulfonic acid, sulfur trioxide, perchlorates, nitrating reagents, and nitric acid. [Sax, 9ed, 1996, p. 20]. Nitrogen-fluorine compounds (e.g., tetrafluorourea) are potentially explosive in contact with acetonitrile [ Fraser, G. W. et al., Chem. Comm., 1966, p. 532]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
asphyxia; nausea, vomiting; chest pain; weakness, stupor; convulsions; eye, nose and throat irritation

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat---mild; acute toxicity---cyanosis; ingestion acute: TDlo (human) = 570 mg/kg

Target Organ:
respiratory system, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys

Synonyms:
Cyanomethane, Ethyl nitrile, Methyl cyanide

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit nose, throat; asphy; nau, vomit; chest pain; weak; stupor, convuls; in animals: liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
Tetrachloroethane is a colorless, heavy liquid with a sweet, chloroform-like odor.  It is irritating to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.  It is used as a solvent, insecticide and paint removers. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
Chemically-active metals, strong caustics, fuming sulfuric acid

Symptoms:
nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain; tremors in fingers; jaundice, enlarged and tender liver; dermatitis; monocytosis; kidney damage

Health Effects:
cumulative liver and other organ damage; mutagen/suspect carcinogen;

Target Organ:
skin, liver, kidneys, central nervous system, gastrointestinal tract

Physical Description:
Colorless to pale-yellow liquid with a pungent, chloroform-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Nau, vomit, abdom pain; tremor fingers; jaun, hepatitis, liver tend; derm; monocy; kidney damage; [carc]


General Desc:
Sulfuric acid is a colorless oily liquid.  It is soluble in water with release of heat.  It is corrosive to metals and tissue.  It will char wood and most other organic matter on contact, but is unlikely to cause a fire.  It weighs 15 lbs./gal.  Long term exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations can result in adverse health effects from inhalation.  It is used to make fertilizers and other chemicals, in petroleum refining, in iron and steel production, and for many other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  50.65¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm at 294.8¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  3.4 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.8 (¬ AAR, 1999)

Boiling Point:  554¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  98.08 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  15 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  3 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  2 mg/m3 (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  10 mg/m3 (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  30 mg/m3 (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Miscible (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Caution: Sulfuric acid is extremely corrosive.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Sulfuric Acid Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute ingestion of sulfuric acid may be severe and include salivation, intense thirst, difficulty in swallowing, pain, and shock.  Oral, esophageal, and stomach burns are common.  Vomitus generally has a coffee-ground appearance.  The potential for circulatory collapse is high following ingestion of sulfuric acid.  Acute inhalation exposure may result in sneezing, hoarseness, choking, laryngitis, dyspnea (shortness of breath), respiratory tract irritation, and chest pain.  Bleeding of nose and gums, ulceration of the nasal and oral mucosa, pulmonary edema, chronic bronchitis, and pneumonia may also occur.  If the eyes have come in contact with sulfuric acid, irritation, pain, swelling, corneal erosion, and blindness may result.  Dermal exposure may result in severe burns, pain, and dermatitis (red, inflamed skin). Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to sulfuric acid may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to sulfuric acid. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  RUSH to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to sulfuric acid. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure:  1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Rinse mouth with large amounts of water.  Instruct victims not to swallow the water. 3.  DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize!  4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 5.  Activated charcoal is of no value. 6.  Give the victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years old, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Water or milk should be given only if victims are conscious and alert. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.  Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).    Water spill:  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Fight fire from safe distance or from protected location. Use care as water applied directly to this acid results in evolution of heat and causes spattering. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with streams of water until fire is out. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing.Not flammable. For small fires use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Use water on combustibles burning in vicinity of this material. For large fires flood fire area with water from a distance. Do not get solid streams of water on material. Move container from area if you can do so without risk. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Reaction with water is negligable unless acid strength is above 80-90% then heat from hydrolysis is extreme, may cause severe burns (Merc, 11th ed. 1989). During sulfonation of mononitrobenzene by fuming sulfuric acid, a leak from an internal cooling coil permitted water to enter the reaction tank. A violent eruption occurred due to the heat of solution (MCA Case History 944 1963).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Bromine pentafluoride reacts violently with strong nitric acid and strong sulfuric acid (Mellor 2 Supp. 1:172 1956). p- nitrotoluene and sulfuric acid exploded at 80 C (Chem. Eng. News 27:2504). An explosion occurred when concentrated sulfuric acid and was mixed with crystalline potassium permanganate in a vessel containing moisture. Manganese heptoxide was formed, which explodes at 70C (Delhez 1967). A mixture of acrylonitrile with concentrated sulfuric acid must be kept well chilled, otherwise a vigorous exothermic reaction occurs (Chem. Safety Data Sheet SD-31:8. 1949). Mixing sulfuric acid (96%) in equal portions with any of the following substances in a closed container caused the temperature and pressure to increase: acetonitrile, acrolein, 2-aminoethanol, ammonium hydroxide (28%), aniline, n-butyraldehyde, chlorosulfonic acid, ethylene diamine, ethyleneimine, epichlorohydrin, ethylene cyanohydrin, hydrochloric acid (36%), hydrofluoric acid (48.7%), propiolactone, propylene oxide, sodium hydroxide, styrene monomer (NFPA 1991). Sulfuric acid (concentrated) is extremely hazardous in contact with carbides, bromates, chlorates, fulminates, picrates, and powdered metals (Haz. Chem. Data 1966). Allyl chloride may polymerize violently under conditions involving an acid catalyst, such as sulfuric acid, ferric chloride, aluminum chloride, Lewis acids, and Ziegler type catalysts (initiators) (Ventrone 1971). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

TLV NOTES:
T-MEASURED AS THORACIC FRACTION F AEROSOL

Carcinogen:
IARC-1, TLV-A2, NTP-K; ALL REFER TO SULFURIC ACID CONTAINED IN STRONG INORGANIC ACID MISTS

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; pulmonary edema, bronchitis, emphysema; conjunctivitis; stomatitis; dental erosion; tracheobronchitis; skin, eye burns; dermatitis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, bronchi, skin---marked; cumulative lung damage; dental erosion

Synonyms:
Battery acid, Hydrogen sulfate, Oil of vitriol, Sulfuric acid (aqueous)

Physical Description:
Colorless to dark-brown, oily, odorless liquid.

Notes 2:
[Note: Pure compound is a solid below 51ºF. Often used in an aqueous solution.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, nose, throat; pulm edema, bron; emphy; conj; stomatis; dental erosion; trachbronc; eye, skin burns; derm


General Desc:
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene is a pale yellow liquid with a pungent odor.  It is noncombustible and solidifies at 50 deg. F.  It is insoluble in water.  It is very toxic by skin absorption and inhalation.  It is corrosive to tissue.  It weighs 14.3 lbs./gal. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  Non-flammable (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  16¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  0.08 mm at 77¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  9.4 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.7019 at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  462¦ F at 753 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  272.77 (EPA, 1998)

TLV TWA:  0.01 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <0.1 mg/mL at 70.7¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed.  Caution is advised.  Vital signs should be monitored closely. Signs and Symptoms of Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute hexachlorocyclopentadiene exposure include headache, nausea, cough, throat irritation, difficult breathing, chest discomfort, bronchitis, and pulmonary edema. Inhalation of hexachlorocyclopentadiene mist is highly irritating to mucous membranes, causing tearing, sneezing, and salivation. Contact with hexachlorocyclopentadiene may result in severe eye irritation and blistering and burning of the skin. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to hexachlorocyclopentadiene may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to hexachlorocyclopentadiene. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory  rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected,  provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial  respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer  oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from  the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Rush to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel  should avoid self-exposure to  hexachlorocyclopentadiene. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory  rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected,  provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial  respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer  oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove and isolate contaminated clothing as soon as  possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with  lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from  the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 7. Rush to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory  rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected,  provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial  respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer  oxygen or other respiratory support. 2. DO NOT induce vomiting or attempt to neutralize! 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from  the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are  conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for  children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults,  with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5. Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic  or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children  require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to  100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2, oz) is recommended for adults. 6. Rush to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.    Water spill:  Use natural deep water pockets, excavated lagoons, or sand bag barriers to trap material at bottom.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Isolate hazard area and deny entry. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Fight fire from maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal.Use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or foam for small fires. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or foam. Move hexachlorocyclopentadiene from fire area if this can be done without risk. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Reacts slowly to form hydrochloric acid. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, respiratory system; eye, skin burns; lacrimation (discharge of tears); sneezing, cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), salivation, pulmonary edema; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; in animals: liver, kidney injury

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; lung edema; cumulative organ damage

Physical Description:
Pale-yellow to amber-colored liquid with a pungent, unpleasant odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; eye, skin burns; lac; sneez, cough, dysp, salv, pulm edema; nau, vomit, diarr; in animals: liver, kidney inj


General Desc:
PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION:  Yellow or orange-yellow powder.

PHYSICAL DATA:  It is one of the most insoluble salts.  Basic lead chromates of various shades of color from brown-yellow to red are used as pigments. (NTP, 1992)

Properties:
Melting Point:  1551¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  6.12 at 59¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  323.18 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: Some heavy metals are VERY TOXIC POISONS, especially if their salts are very soluble in water (e.g., lead, chromium, mercury, bismuth, osmium, and arsenic).  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center and locate activated charcoal, egg whites, or milk in case the medical advisor recommends administering one of them.  Also locate Ipecac syrup or a glass of salt water in case the medical advisor recommends inducing vomiting.  Usually, this is NOT RECOMMENDED outside of a physician's care.  If advice from a physician is not readily available and the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give the victim a glass of activated charcoal slurry in water or, if this is not available, a glass of milk, or beaten egg whites and IMMEDIATELY transport victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, assure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with dilute acid or dilute alkali (e.g.  dilute HNO3), then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with the dilute acid or alkali to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper and any of your clothing which may be contaminated in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent-wash all contaminated surfaces with dilute acid or alkali followed by washing with strong soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should keep this material in a tightly-closed container under an inert atmosphere, and store it in a freezer. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is stable under normal laboratory conditions.REACTIVITY:  Reacts violently with ferric ferrocyanide. (NTP, 1992)

Health Effects:
cumulative lung damage, nasal perforation, ulceration


General Desc:
Ammonium sulphamate is a white crystalline solid.  It is soluble in water.  The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  It is used to flameproof fabrics and papers, in weed or brush killing products, and for other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  268¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Vapor Pressure:  0 mm (approx) (NIOSH, 1997)

Specific Gravity:  1.77 (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  Decomposes above 392.0¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  114.13 (USCG, 1999)

IDLH:  1500 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  10 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  200% (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.    Water spill:  Add calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2).  Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7).  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
This compound is incompatible with the following:Acids, hot water [Note: Elevated temperatures cause a highly exothermic reaction with water.] (NIOSH, 1997)

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, nose, throat; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty)

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---mild; LD50 (oral, rat) 3900 mg/kg

Synonyms:
Ammate herbicide, Ammonium amidosulfonate, AMS, Monoammonium salt of sulfamic acid, Sulfamate


General Desc:
Sodium persulfate is a white crystalline solid and is soluble in water.  It is a strong oxidizing agent and although it does not burn readily, it may cause spontaneous ignition of organic materials.  It may be irritating to skin and eyes and it may be toxic by skin absorption.  It is used as a bleaching agent. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Use water in flooding quantities as fog.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.) ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Reacts with combustible materials and reducing agents, causing fire and explosion hazards.  (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980 p. 855) (REACTIVITY, 1999)


General Desc:
Fluorine is a pale yellow gas with a pungent odor.  It is toxic by inhalation and skin absorption.  Contact with skin in lower than lethal concentrations causes chemical burns.  It reacts with water to form hydrofluoric acid and oxygen.  It is corrosive to most common materials.  It reacts with most combustible materials to the point that ignition occurs.  Under prolonged exposure to fire or intense heat the containers may violently rupture and rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -363.3¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  760 mm at -306.2¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  1.695 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity, Liquid:  1.5127 at -306.6¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Boiling Point:  -306.6¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  38.0 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  25 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  2 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  0.5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  5 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  20 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Reacts (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Fluorine is a corrosive gas and may be converted to hydrofluoric acid in the lungs and on other moist tissue. Signs and Symptoms of Fluorine Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to fluorine include coughing, choking, and chills.   Eye, nose, skin, and respiratory irritation may occur.   Eyelid eczema and thermal burns have been noted after dermal contact.   In severe exposures, pulmonary edema may develop after 1 to 2 days. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to fluorine exposure may require decontamination and life support for the victims.   Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.   Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.   Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1. Move victims to fresh air.   Emergency personnel should avoid  self-exposure to fluorine. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.   If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.   If  breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory  support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should  avoid self-exposure to fluorine. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate,  and note any trauma.   If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.   If  breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory  support. 3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with  copious amounts of lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. 6. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the  Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or  performance of other invasive procedures. 7. Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: Not applicable. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.  Do not use water on material itself. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
A few whiffs of the gas or vapor could cause death. Gas, vapor or liquid could be fatal on penetrating the firefighters' normal full protective clothing. Only special protective clothing designed to protect against fluorine should be used; the normal full protective clothing available to the average fire department will not provide adequate protection. Do not direct water onto fluorine leaks as the fire may be intensified.For small fire, use dry chemical or carbon dioxide. For large fire, use water spray, fog, or foam. For massive fire in cargo area, use unmanned hose holder or monitor nozzles. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Water vapor will react combustively with Fluorine; an explosive reaction occurs between liquid fluorine and ice, after an intermediate induction period, NASA SP-3037: 52(1967): If liquid air, which has stood for some time is treated with Fluorine, a precipitate is formed which is likely to explode. Explosive material is thought to be Fluorine Hydrate, Mellor 2:11(1946-1947).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Propellant; ignites upon contact with alcohols, amines, ammonia, beryllium alkyls, boranes, dicyanogen, hydrazines, hydrocarbons, hydrogen, nitroalkanes, powdered metals, silanes, or thiols(Bretherick, 1979 p.174); Aluminum powder and iodine in close contact will ignite spontaneously, Fluorine with metals requires added heat for ignition, NFPA 491M. Antimony is spontaneously flammable in fluorine, chlorine, and bromine. With iodine, the reaction produces heat, which can cause flame or even an explosion if the quantities are great enough, Mellor 9:379(1946-1947). The oxides of the alkalies and alkaline earths are vigorously attacked by fluorine gas with incandescence, Mellor 2:13(1946-1947). Fluorine causes aromatic hydrocarbons and unsaturated alkanes to ignite spontaneously, Mellor 2, Supp. 1:55(1956). Fluorine vigorously reacts with arsenic and arsenic trioxide at ordinary temperatures, Mellor 9:34(1946-1947). Bromine mixed with fluorine at ordinary temperatures yields bromine trifluoride, with a luminous flame, Mellor 2:12(1946-1947). Calcium silicide burns readily in fluorine, Mellor 6:663(1946-1947). The carbonates of sodium, lithium, calcium, and lead in contact with fluorine are decomposed at ordinary temperatures with incandescence, Mellor 2:13(1946-1947). A mixture of fluorine and carbon disulfide ignites at ordinary temperatures,  Mellor 2:13(1946-1947). The reaction between fluorine and carbon tetrachloride is violent and sometimes explosive, Mellor 2, Supp. 1, 198(1956). The uncontrolled reaction between fluorine and chlorine dioxide is explosive, Mellor 2, Supp. 1, 532(1956). Fluorine and silver cyanide react with explosive violence at ordinary temperatures, Mellor 2, Supp. 1:63(1956). Fluorine and sodium acetate produce an explosive reaction involving the formation of diacetyl peroxide, Mellor 2, Supp. 1:56(1956). Selenium, silicon, or sulfur ignites in fluorine gas at ordinary temperatures, Mellor 2:11-13(1946-1947). Each bubble of sulfur dioxide gas led into a container of fluorine produces an explosion, Mellor 2:1(1946-1947). Fluorine and thallous chloride react violently, melting the product, Mellor, Supp. 1:63(1956). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, respiratory tract irritation; laryngeal spasms, broncheal spasms, pulmonary edema; eye, skin burns; in animals: liver, kidney damage

Health Effects:
lung edema; irritation-eyes, nose, throat, skin, lungs---marked; cumulative liver and kidney damage

Physical Description:
Pale-yellow to greenish gas with a pungent, irritating odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, resp sys; lar spasm, bron spasm; pulm edema; eye, skin burns; in animals: liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
Mixture of grain and all the other substances associated with its cultivation & harvesting.

First Aid:
Eye: Irrigate immediately Breathing: Fresh air [NIOSH]

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), wheezing, asthma, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; conjunctivitis, dermatitis, rhinitis, grain fever

Synonyms:
None [Note: Grain dust consists of 60-75% organic materials (cereal grains) & 25-40% inorganic materials (soil), and includes fertilizers, pesticides & microorganisms.]

Physical Description:
Mixture of grain and all the other substances associated with its cultivation & harvesting.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irritation eyes, skin, upper respiratory system; cough, dyspnea (breathing difficulty), wheezing, asthma, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; conjunctivitis, dermatitis, rhinitis, grain fever


First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation. INGESTION: DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SPILLS AND LEAKAGE: Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned. (NTP)

Firefighting:
Flash point data for this chemical are not available; however, it is probably combustible.  Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher.  A water spray may also be used. (NTP)

Reactivity:
REACTIVITY:  This compound is rapidly degraded by dilute hypochlorite.  STABILITY: This chemical is sensitive to light and air.  It may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to heat.  It is stable under moderately acidic and alkaline conditions and in cold dilute aqueous solutions when protected from light.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions. (NTP)

Symptoms:
Information concerning symptoms of exposure to this chemical is not available.  ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:  There is sufficient evidence that this compound is carcinogenic in animals.  It may emit potentially toxic fumes when involved in a fire. (NTP)

Health Effects:
Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  (NTP)

Synonyms:
2-AMINO-3-METHYL-3H-IMIDAZO(4,5-F)QUINOLINE;  IQ;  3-METHYL-3H-IMIDAZO(4,5-F)QUINOLIN-2-AMINE;  3H-IMIDAZO[4,5-F]QUINOLIN-2-AMINE, 3-METHYL-

Physical Description:
Light tan crystalline solid, tan powder (NTP)

Exposure Symptoms:
Information concerning symptoms of exposure to this chemical is not available.  ACUTE/CHRONIC HAZARDS:  There is sufficient evidence that this compound is carcinogenic in animals.  It may emit potentially toxic fumes when involved in a fire. (NTP)


First Aid:
EYES: First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.   If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.  INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  If symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop, call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Respirator Recommendation.  INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. (NTP)

Firefighting:
Literature sources indicate that this compound is nonflammable.
Fires involving this compound can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon
 dioxide or Halon extinguisher. (NTP)

Reactivity:
REACTIVITY: Not available

STABILITY:  This chemical is hygroscopic.  Proton NMR stability screenings indicate that solutions of this compound in DMSO are stable for at least 24 hours. (NTP)

Symptoms:
Irritating to the eyes, skin and mucous membranes upon prolonged exposure.  When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Br-. (NTP)

Health Effects:
eye and skin irritation and possible liver damage; eye and skin irritation and possible liver damage; consumption of alcohol before or after handling this chemical may enhance the toxic effects (NTP)

Synonyms:
DIBROMONEOPENTYL GLYCOL; DIBROMOPENTAERYTHRITOL; PENTAERYTHRITOL DIBROMIDE; PENTAERYTHRITOL DIBROMOHYDRIN; DIBROMOHYDRIN PENTAERYTHRITOL; 1,3-DIBROMO-2,2-DIMETHYLOLPROPANE;  2,2-DIBROMOMETHYL-1,3-PROPANEDIOL; NCI-C55516


General Desc:
Hydrogen sulfide is a colorless gas having the odor of rotten eggs.  It is shipped as a liquefied gas under its own vapor pressure.  It is soluble in water.  One's sense of smell becomes rapidly fatigued in atmospheres containing hydrogen sulfide and hence cannot be counted on to warn of the continued presence of the gas.  Contact with the liquid can cause frostbite.  The gas is heavier than air and a flame can very easily flash back to the source of leak.  It is very toxic by inhalation.  Prolonged exposure of the containers to fire or heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing.  It weighs 8.3 lbs./gallon. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  4.3% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  46% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  500¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -121.9¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  15200 mm at 77.9¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  1.18 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.539 at 32¦ F at 760 mm (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  -76.59¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  34.08 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  100 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

ERPG-1:  0.1 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-2:  30 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

ERPG-3:  100 ppm (AIHA, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.4% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Warning: Caution is advised.  Vital signs should be monitored closely. Signs and Symptoms of Acute Hydrogen Sulfide Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide may include tachycardia (rapid heart rate) or bradycardia (slow heart rate), hypotension (low blood pressure), cyanosis (blue tint to skin and mucous membrane), cardiac palpitations, and cardiac arrhythmias.  Dyspnea (shortness of breath), tachypnea (rapid respiratory rate), bronchitis, pulmonary edema, respiratory depression, and respiratory paralysis may occur.  Neurological effects include giddiness, irritability, drowsiness, weakness, confusion, delirium, amnesia, headache, sweating, and dizziness.  Muscle cramping, tremor, excessive salivation, cough, convulsions, and coma may be noted.  Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea are commonly seen.  Exposure to hydrogen sulfide gas may result in skin irritation, lacrimation (tearing), inability to detect odors, photophobia (heightened sensitivity to light), and blurred vision. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to hydrogen sulfide may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to hydrogen sulfide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. RUSH to a health care facility! Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to hydrogen sulfide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas for at least 15 minutes with soap and water. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  RUSH to a health care facility! Ingestion Exposure: No information is available. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Use water spray to knock-down vapors.    Vapor knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.    Land spill:  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).    Water spill:  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Stop flow of gas. Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool and to protect men effecting the shut-off. Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and special protective clothing. Evacuate area endangered by gas. Move container from fire area. Stay away from ends of tanks. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration on tank due to fire. Cool containers with water using unmanned device until well after the fire is out. Isolate for one-half mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire.A very flammable gas. For small fires let burn unless leak can be stopped immediately. For large fires, use water spray, fog or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Colorless, flammable gas of offensive odor, extremely toxic. Explodes on contact with oxygen difluoride, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, dichlorine oxide, silver fulminate. May ignite and explode when exposed to powdered copper in oxygen [Mertz, V. et al., Ber., 1880, 13, p. 722]. Ignites on contact with metal oxides (e.g., barium peroxide, chromium trioxide, copper oxide, lead dioxide, manganese dioxide, nickel oxide, silver oxide, sodium peroxide, mercury oxide, calcium oxide, nickel oxide) [Mellor, 1947, vol. 10, p. 129, 141], oxidants (e.g., silver bromate, lead(II) hypochlorite, copper chromate, fluorine, nitric acid, sodium peroxide, lead(IV) oxide, rust). Violent reaction with fluorine, bromine pentafluoride, chlorine trifluoride, hydrated iron oxide, silver bromate [Yoshida, 1980, p. 390]. May ignite if passed through rusty iron pipes [Mee, A. J., School Sci. Rev., 1940, 22(85), p. 95]. Reaction (absorbtion) with caustic materials (soda-lime, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, barium hydroxide) is very exothermic, the presence of air oxygen may cause a violent explosion [Mellor, 1947, vol. 10, p. 140]. Hydrogen sulfide  is rapidly oxidized, and may ignite, in contact with a range of metal oxides, including barium dioxide, chromium trioxide, copper oxide, lead dioxide, manganese dioxide, nickel oxide, silver oxide, silver dioxide, sodium peroxides, thallium trioxide or metals which include copper, tungsten, alkali metals; interaction of hydrogen sulfide with a variety of oxidants may be violent; hydrogen sulfide may ignite if passed through rusty iron pipes(Bretherick, 1979 p.977). When hydrogen sulfide is passed over heated chromium trioxide, decomposition occurs with incandescence, Mellor 11:232(1946-1947). The reaction of acetaldehyde with any of the following can be violent, anhydrous ammonia, hydrogen cyanide, or hydrogen sulfide, Chem. Data Safety Sheets SD-43(1952). Fuming nitric acid reacts with hydrogen sulfide with incandescence, Berichte 3:658. Hydrogen sulfide ignites in contact with chlorine monoxide, Mellor 10:134(1946-1947). A pyrophoric iron sulfide was made from hydrated iron oxide and hydrogen sulfide under gasoline, Ellern, p33(1968). The reaction between hydrogen sulfide and soda lime is attended with incandescence in the presence of air, in oxygen, there is an explosion. Mixtures of barium oxide with mercurous or nickel oxide also react vigorously with hydrogen sulfide in air. Explosions may result, Mellor 10:140(1946-1947). When hydrogen sulfide is passed over sodium peroxide a very vigorous reaction occurs, even in the absence of air, the reaction may be accompanied by flame, Mellor 10:132(1946-1947). Hydrogen sulfide and oxygen difluoride explodes on mixing, Mellor 2, Supp. 1:192(1956). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

PEL NOTES:
PEAK = 50 ppm FOR A 10 MINUTE INTERVAL DURING AN 8-HOUR SHIFT

Symptoms:
apnea; coma; convulsions; irritated eyes, conjunctivitis pain, lacrimation, photophobia, corneal vesiculation; respiratory system irritation; dizziness; headaches; fatigue; insomnia; gastrointestinal disturbances

Health Effects:
acute systemic toxicity; central nervous system effects; irritation-eye, (conjunctivitis), lungs---moderate

Synonyms:
Hydrosulfuric acid, Sewer gas, Sulfuretted hydrogen

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a strong odor of rotten eggs.

Notes 2:
[Note: Sense of smell becomes rapidly fatigued & can NOT be relied upon to warn of the continuous presence of H2S. Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, resp sys; apnea, coma, convuls; conj, eye pain, lac, photo, corn vesic; dizz, head, ftg, irrity, insom; GI dist; liquid: frostbite


General Desc:
Hydrogen selenide is a colorless gas with an offensive odor.  It is highly flammable and toxic.  It may be irritating to eyes and mucous membranes.  It is heavier than air.  Long term exposure to low concentrations or short term exposure to high concentrations can result in adverse health effects from inhalation.  If exposed to prolonged fire or intense heat the containers may violently rupture or rocket. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Lower Exp Limit:  Extremely flammable. (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  Extremely flammable. (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  -86.31¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  6536 to 9120 mm at 64.4 to 87.44¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  2.12 at -43.6¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Boiling Point:  -42.3¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  80.98 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  1 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.05 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Sol(73¦F): 0.9% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Signs and Symptoms of Hydrogen Selenide Exposure: Acute exposure to hydrogen selenide may include garlic odor of the Breathing, metallic taste, dizziness, weakness, fatigue, nausea, and vomiting.  Bluing of skin, irritation of the eyes, nasal secretion, pain in the chest, difficulty in breathing, coughing, irritation of the respiratory tract resulting in bronchitis and pulmonary edema may also occur.  In addition, Central nervous system depression, hypotension (low blood pressure), cardiopulmonary arrest, and coma may also be observed. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to hydrogen selenide may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to hydrogen selenide. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4. Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1. Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to hydrogen selenide. 2. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 3. Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4. If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 6. Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: Note: Ingestion of hydrogen selenide gas is not expected to be a significant route of exposure. 1. Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer 100% humidified oxygen or other respiratory support. 2. Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3. Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Firefighting:
Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or truck is involved in fire. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to fire. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water until well after the fire is out.Let tank car, tank truck, or storage tank burn unless leak can be stopped. Small fires: dry chemical or carbon dioxide. Large fires: water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A colorless, flammable gas of unpleasant odor, a deadly poison by inhalation. It forms explosive mixtures with air. It reacts vigorously with strong oxidizing reagents, e.g., hydrogen peroxide, nitric acid [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p.1843]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; metallic taste, garlic breathing; dizziness; lassitude, fatigue;  in animals: pneumonitis; liver damage

Health Effects:
acute lung damage; cumulative central nervous system effects; liver damage; irritation-eyes, nose, throat---marked

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with an odor resembling decayed horse radish.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; nau, vomit, diarr; metallic taste, garlic breath; dizz, lass, ftg; liquid: frostbite; in animals: pneuitis; liver damage


General Desc:
Oxygen difluoride is a colorless poisonous gas with a strong peculiar odor.  It is highly toxic by inhalation.  It is corrosive to skin and eyes.  It can explode on contact with water and it is a mild oxidizer.  If it is heated to high temperatures it may decompose to toxic fluoride gas.  Prolonged exposure of the containers to fire or heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing.  It is used as an oxidizer for propellants. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  -371¦ F (NIOSH, 1997)

Vapor Pressure:  greater than 1 atm (NIOSH, 1997)

Boiling Point:  -230¦F (NIOSH, 1997)

Molecular Weight:  54.0 (NIOSH, 1997)

IDLH:  0.5 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.05 ppm  Ceiling limit. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  0.02% (NIOSH, 1997)

First Aid:
Eye: If this chemical contacts the eyes, immediately wash the eyes with large amounts of water, occasionally lifting the lower and upper lids. Get medical attention immediately. Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical. Skin: If this chemical contacts the skin, immediately flush the contaminated skin with water. If this chemical penetrates the clothing, immediately remove the clothing and flush the skin with water. Get medical attention promptly. Breathing: If a person breathes large amounts of this chemical, move the exposed  person to fresh air at once. If breathing has stopped, perform mouth-to-mouth  resuscitation. Keep the affected person warm and at rest. Get medical  attention as soon as possible. (NIOSH, 1997)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Do not use water. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Extinguish fire using agent suitable for type of surrounding fire.  (Material itself does not burn or burns with difficulty.)  Cool all affected containers with flooding quantities of water.  Apply water from as far a distance as possible.  Keep run-off water out of sewers and water sources.  Do not use water on material itself.  Do not apply water to point of leak in tank car or container. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  With water and oxygen, violent explosions resulted; when a spark was discharged in a mixture of 25-70%  oxygen difluoride in oxygen over water (Mellor 2, Supp. 1:191. 1956).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A colorless, toxic gas, a very powerful oxidizer. On contact with water or steam, the mixture will explode violently on spark ignition. Mixtures with carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane will explode on sparking [Streng, A. G., Chemi. Rev., 1963, 63, p. 610]. Reaction with adsorbents (silica, alumina, molecular sieves, silica gel) may become explosive [Streng A. G., Chem. Eng. News, 1965, 43(12), p. 5], the presence of moisture may render the mixture shock-sensitive [Metz, F. I., Chem. Eng. News, 1965, 43(7), p. 41]. Explosive reaction with diborane, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, charcoal, sulfur tetrafluoride. On warming explosive reaction with halogens, metal halides, aluminum chloride, antimony pentachloride, tungsten. Ignition on contact with diborane tetrafluoride, phosphorus pentoxide, red phosphorus, boron, silicon [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1419]. Incompatible with ammonia, arsenic trioxide, chromium trioxide, chlorine in the presence of copper, ozone [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 978]. Incandescent reaction with aluminum, barium, cadmium, magnesium, strontium, zinc, zirconium. Alkaline metals (lithium, sodium, potassium) incandesce at 400 C [Streng, A. G., Chem. Rev., 1963, 63, p. 611]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
headaches; eyes, skin, respiratory system irritation; pulmonary edema; eye, skin burns (from contact with gas under pressure)

Health Effects:
irritation-respiratory tract---marked; marked edema lungs; cumulative kidney damage; central nervous system effects (headache)

Synonyms:
Difluorine monoxide, Fluorine monoxide, Oxygen fluoride

Physical Description:
Colorless gas with a peculiar, foul odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, resp sys; head; pulm edema; eye, skin burns (from contact with the gas under pressure)


General Desc:
N-butyl phthalate is a colorless oily liquid.  It is insoluble in water.  The primary hazard is the threat to the environment.  Immediate steps should be taken to limit its spread to the environment.  Since it is a liquid it can easily penetrate the soil and contaminate ground water and nearby streams.  It is combustible though it may take some effort to ignite.  It is used in paints and plastics and as a reaction media for chemical reactions. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  315¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  0.5% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  2.5 % Calculated. (USCG, 1999)

Auto Igtn Temp:  757¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -31¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 297¦ F; 1.1 mm Hg at 302¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  9.58 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.047-1.049 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  644¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  278.35 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  4000 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 mg/m3 (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Use surface active agent (e.g.  detergent, soaps, alcohols), if approved by epa.  Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increase effectiveness of booms.  Remove trapped material with suction hoses.  If dissolved, in region of 10 ppm or greater concentration, apply activated carbon at ten times the spilled amount.  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Can generate electrostatic charges.  (Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 250). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
upper respiratory, and stomach irritation

Synonyms:
DBP; Dibutyl 1,2-benzene-dicarboxylate; Di-n-butyl phthalate

Physical Description:
Colorless to faint-yellow, oily liquid with a slight, aromatic odor.


General Desc:
Phthalic anhydride is a colorless to white lustrous solid in the form of needles.  It has a mild distinctive odor.  Phthalic anhydride is moderately toxic by inhalation or ingestion and is a skin irritant.  It has a melting point of 264 deg. F.  and a flash point of 305 deg. F.  When mixed with water, phthalic anhydride will form a corrosive acidic solution.  It is used in the manufacture of other chemical compounds such as artificial resins. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  305¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.7% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  10.4% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1058¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  267.4¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.0002 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 0.001 mm Hg at 86¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  5.10 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.527 at 39¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  563¦ F (sublimes) (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  148.12 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  60 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  1 ppm (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  Decomposes (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime. ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Hydrolysed by water to form phthalic acid and heat (Merck 11th ed. 1989).CHEMICAL PROFILE:  The exothermic nitration of phthalic acid or phthalic anhydride by fuming nitric acid- sulfuric acid may give mixtures of the potentially explosive phthaloyl nitrates or nitrites ortheir nitro derivatives (Chem. & Ind. 20:790. 1972). (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
conjunctivitis; nasal ulcer bleeding; upper respiratory irritation, bronchitis, bronchial asthma; dermatitis

Health Effects:
irritation-eye, nose, throat, skin---marked; asthma; contact skin irritant and sensitizer

Synonyms:
1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic anhydride; PAN; Phthalic acid anhydride

Physical Description:
White solid (flake) or a clear, colorless, mobile liquid (molten) with a characteristic, acrid odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin, upper resp sys; conj; nasal ulcer bleeding; bron, bronchial asthma; derm; in animals: liver, kidney damage


General Desc:
Pentachlorophenol is a white crystalline solid.  It is slightly soluble in water.  It is noncombustible.  It is toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption.  It is used as a fungicide, as a wood preservative, and for other uses. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Auto Igtn Temp:  Not flammable (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  376¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.00011 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 40 mm Hg at 412.2¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  9.2 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.978 at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  588-590¦ F (with decomposition) (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  266.34 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  2.5 mg/m3 (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.5 mg/m3  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  Phenols are very toxic poisons AND corrosive and irritating, so that inducing vomiting may make medical problems worse.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center and locate activated charcoal, egg whites, or milk in case the medical advisor recommends administering one of them.  If advice from a physician is not readily available and the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give the victim a glass of activated charcoal slurry in water or, if this is not available, a glass of milk, or beaten egg whites and IMMEDIATELY transport victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, assure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER:  Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Irradiation of a dilute aqueous solution (100 ppm) by sunlight or ultraviolet light results in the formation of photodegradation products.  Solutions of this compound in DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound may react with strong oxidizing agents.  It is also incompatible with strong bases, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides.  It forms salts with alkaline metals.  Solutions of this chemical in oil cause natural rubber to deteriorate, but synthetic rubber may be used in equipment and for protective clothing. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
eye, nose, throat irritation; sneezing, coughing; weakness, anorexia, low-weight; sweating; headaches; dizziness; nausea, vomiting; dyspnea, chest pain; high fever; dermatitis

Health Effects:
acute systemic toxicity; vascular and central nervous system damage; chloracne; suspect teratogen

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, liver, kidneys, central nervous system

Physical Description:
Colorless to white, crystalline solid with a benzene-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, throat; sneez, cough; weak, anor, low-wgt; sweat; head, dizz; nau, vomit; dysp, chest pain; high fever; derm


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Oily liquid

Odor: Characteristic aromatic nitro compound odor

Color: Light yellow

Characteristics in Water: Sinks in water. (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  223¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  2.1% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  581¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  14.9¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  0.1 mm Hg at 68¦ F; 0.25 mm Hg at 86¦ F; 1.6 mm Hg at 140¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  4.72 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  1.1629 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  431.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  137.15 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  200 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Firefighting:
Fire Extinguishing Agents: Water, CO 2 , and dry chemical (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is heat sensitive.REACTIVITY:  This compound may react with sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide, alkalis, hydrogen, sodium, tetranitromethane, reducing agents and strong oxidizers. (NTP, 1992)


Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Yellow, crystalline material, toxic. Flammable solid, an explosive. Vigorous reaction with oxidizing or reducing materials. Very unstable, a severe explosion hazard when shocked or exposed to heat. It forms dangerously highly heat-, friction-, or impact sensitive salts with many metals (e.g., copper, lead, mercury, zinc, nickel, iron, ect.). The salts with ammonia, amines and complexes with hydrocarbons are not so sensitive [Kirk-Othmer, 1965, vol. 8, p. 617]. Contact with concrete floors may form the friction-sensitive calcium picrate [Urbanski, 1964, vol. 1, p. 518]. Contact with metallic zinc or lead can cause detonation. If sufficiently pure it has the same order of stability as TNT [Garey, H. E., Chem. Eng. News, 1979, 57(41), p. 51]. Mixtures with aluminum and water will ignite after a delay period [Hajek, V. et al., Research, 1951, 4, p. 186]. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
eye irritation; sensitization dermatitis; hair, skin stained yellow; weakness; myalgia; anuria; polyria; bitter taste, gastrointestinal disturbances; hepatitis; hematuria, albuminuria; nephritis

Health Effects:
skin irritant and sensitizer/cumulative liver, kidney, and red blood cell damage; mutagen

Notes 2:
[Note: Usually used as an aqueous solution.]

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, skin; sens derm; yellow-stained hair, skin; weak, myalgia, anuria, polyuria; bitter taste, GI dist; hepatitis, hema, album, neph


General Desc:
Cresylic acid is a colorless or yellow to brown-yellow or pinkish colored liquid depending on its source and boiling point.  It has a phenol-like odor.  It is toxic by ingestion and/or skin absorption.  It may have a flash point between 100 and 199 deg. F.  It causes burns to skin, eyes and mucous membranes.  It is insoluble in water. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  177.8 to 181.4¦ F (unspc) (EPA, 1998)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.4 % at 300F (EPA, 1998)

Upper Exp Limit:  at 300F (EPA, 1998)

Auto Igtn Temp:  1110¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  88¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm at 100.76¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Vapor Density:  3.72 (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity:  1.047 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  376¦ F at 760 mm (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  108.15 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  250 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 66¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects may be delayed.  Caution is advised.  Vital signs should be monitored closely. Signs and Symptoms of Acute o-Cresol Exposure: Signs and symptoms of acute exposure to o-cresol may include a Weakness pulse, hypotension (low blood pressure), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), cardiac arrhythmias, and cardiac failure.  Tachypnea (rapid respiratory rate), pulmonary edema, and respiratory arrest or failure may be noted.  Weakness, headache, dizziness, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), shock, and delirium are common.  Seizures may occur and are often followed by coma.  Pallor, sweating, dilated pupils, and a profound drop in body temperature may also be found.  Gastrointestinal effects include nausea, abdominal pain, bloody vomitus, and bloody diarrhea.  Renal insufficiency may lead to hematuria (bloody urine).  o-Cresol is corrosive to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes.  Contact may result in severe and painful burns, which promptly become anesthetized (numb) to touch and pain.  Ulceration may occur. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to o-cresol may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to o-cresol. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Transport to a health care facility. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self- exposure to o-cresol. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas with undiluted polyethylene glycol 300 or 400.  If polyethylene glycol is unavailable, use water.  Follow initial polyethylene glycol or water wash with a second (water) wash. 6.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 7.  Transport to a health care facility. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the Localized hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 3.  Immediately give conscious and alert victims water or milk: children up to 1 year old, 125 mL (4 oz or 1/2 cup); children 1 to 12 years, 200 mL (6 oz or 3/4 cup); adults, 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup).  Do not exceed 250 mL (8 oz or 1 cup). 4.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 5.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. 6.  Transport to a health care facility. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition away.  Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash or cement powder.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Use water to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Fight fire from a maximum distance. Dike fire control water for later disposal; don't scatter the material. Wear positive pressure breathing apparatus and full protective clothing. Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Ventilate closed spaces before entering them. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing at the site.Water to blanket the fire and dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide to extinguish the flames. Extinguish small fires with dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. For large fires use water spray, fog, or foam. Move container from fire area if you can do so without risk. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This compound is sensitive to light and air.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with oxidizing agents and bases.  Mixing it with chlorosulfonic acid, nitric acid and oleum in a closed contained caused the temperature and pressure to increase. (NTP, 1992)

Synonyms:
ortho-Cresol, 2-Cresol, o-Cresylic acid, 1-Hydroxy-2-methylbenzene, 2-Hydroxytoluene, 2-Methyl phenol


General Desc:
Ammonium persulfate is a white crystalline solid and is soluble in water.  It is a strong oxidizing agent and although it does not burn readily, it may cause spontaneous ignition of organic materials.  It is used as a bleaching agent and as a food preservative. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Specific Gravity, Solid:  1.98 at 68.0¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  228.20 (USCG, 1999)

First Aid:
INHALATION:  remove to fresh air.  EYES:  wash with water for 20 min. call a physician.  SKIN:  wash with water. (USCG, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  A mixture of aluminum powder with ammonium persulfate powder and water may cause an explosion (NFPA 491M 1991). A mixture of ammonium persulfate and sodium peroxide will explode if subjected to friction (crushing in a mortar), heating, or if a stream of carbon dioxide is passed over it (Mellor 10:464 1946-47). (REACTIVITY, 1999)


General Desc:
Arsenic pentoxide is a white crystalline solid.  It is soluble in water to form arsenic acid.  It is corrosive to metals in the presence of moisture and is non-combustible.  It is toxic by ingestion. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  Not flammable (EPA, 1998)

Melting Point:  599¦ F (EPA, 1998)

Specific Gravity, Solid:  4.32 (EPA, 1998)

Molecular Weight:  229.84 (EPA, 1998)

IDLH:  5 mg/m3 as arsenic, suspected human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.2 mg/m3  For Arsenic. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

First Aid:
Warning: Effects usually appear within 30 minutes of exposure but may be delayed for several hours.  Caution is advised. Signs and Symptoms of Arsenic Pentoxide Exposure: Hypotension (low blood pressure), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), dehydration, intense thirst, difficulty swallowing, vomiting, abdominal pain, and diarrhea are among the first signs and symptoms noticed following acute arsenic pentoxide exposure.  Headache, conjunctivitis (red, inflamed eyes), runny nose, and lacrimation (tearing) are also common.  Garlic odor of breath and feces may be noted.  Cardiovascular effects include shock, tachycardia (rapid heart rate), ventricular fibrillation, and other cardiac abnormalities.  Pulmonary edema may occur.  Altered mental status, seizures, and delirium are further complications of arsenic pentoxide exposure.  Intense muscle cramping is common.  Exposure to airborne dust is generally accompanied by irritation of exposed skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Emergency Life-Support Procedures: Acute exposure to arsenic pentoxide exposure may require decontamination and life support for the victims.  Emergency personnel should wear protective clothing appropriate to the type and degree of contamination.  Air-purifying or supplied-air respiratory equipment should also be worn, as necessary.  Rescue vehicles should carry supplies such as plastic sheeting and disposable plastic bags to assist in preventing spread of contamination. Inhalation Exposure: 1.  Move victims to fresh air.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to arsenic pentoxide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  RUSH to a health care facility! 4.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Dermal/Eye Exposure: 1.  Remove victims from exposure.  Emergency personnel should avoid self-exposure to arsenic pentoxide. 2.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 3.  Remove contaminated clothing as soon as possible. 4.  If eye exposure has occurred, eyes must be flushed with lukewarm water for at least 15 minutes. 5.  Wash exposed skin areas THOROUGHLY with soap and water. 6.  RUSH to a health care facility! 7.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. Ingestion Exposure: 1.  Evaluate vital signs including pulse and respiratory rate, and note any trauma.  If no pulse is detected, provide CPR.  If not breathing, provide artificial respiration.  If breathing is labored, administer oxygen or other respiratory support. 2.  RUSH to a health care facility! 3.  Obtain authorization and/or further instructions from the local hospital for administration of an antidote or performance of other invasive procedures. 4.  Vomiting may be induced with syrup of Ipecac.  If elapsed time since ingestion of arsenic pentoxide is unknown or suspected to be greater than 30 minutes, do not induce vomiting and proceed to Step 5.  Ipecac should not be administered to children under 6 months of age. Warning: Ingestion of arsenic pentoxide may result in sudden onset of seizures or loss of consciousness.  Syrup of Ipecac should be administered only if victims are alert, have an active gag-reflex, and show no signs of impending seizure or coma.  If ANY uncertainty exists, proceed to Step 5. The following dosages of Ipecac are recommended: children up to 1 year old, 10 mL (1/3 oz); children 1 to 12 years old, 15 mL (1/2 oz); adults, 30 mL (1 oz).  Ambulate (walk) the victims and give large quantities of water.  If vomiting has not occurred after 15 minutes, Ipecac may be readministered.  Continue to ambulate and give water to the victims.  If vomiting has not occurred within 15 minutes after second administration of Ipecac, administer activated charcoal. 5.  Activated charcoal may be administered if victims are conscious and alert.  Use 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) for children, 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3-1/2 oz) for adults, with 125 to 250 mL (1/2 to 1 cup) of water. 6.  Promote excretion by administering a saline cathartic or sorbitol to conscious and alert victims.  Children require 15 to 30 g (1/2 to 1 oz) of cathartic; 50 to 100 g (1-3/4 to 3- 1/2 oz) is recommended for adults. (EPA, 1998)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Cover solids with a plastic sheet to prevent dissolving in rain or fire fighting water.    Water spill:  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Add ferric chloride (FeCl3).  Adjust pH to neutral (pH=7).  Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of pollutants and precipitates. ( AAR, 1999)

Firefighting:
Isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay upwind; keep out of low areas. Wear self-contained (positive pressure if available) breathing apparatus and full protective clothing.For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, or foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or foam. (EPA, 1998)

Reactivity:
AIR AND WATER REACTIONS:  Dissolves in water to give solutions of arsenic acid (REACTIVITY, 1999)


Main Chemical Name:
ARSENOUS [13464-58-9] ACID, ARSENIC [7778-39-4] ACID & ITS SALTS

General Desc:
Arsenic acid is a clear colorless liquid.  It is soluble in water and noncombustible.  It is corrosive to metals and is toxic by ingestion.  It is detrimental to the environment and, if possible, immediate steps should be taken to limit its release. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
IDLH:  5 mg/m3 as arsenic, suspected human carcinogen. (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  0.2 mg/m3  For arsenic and soluble compounds, as As. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Nonfire Spill Response:
Keep material out of water sources and sewers.  Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.  Attempt to stop leak if without undue personnel hazard.  Neutralize spilled material with crushed limestone, soda ash, or lime.    Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors.    Land spill:  Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, holding area to contain liquid or solid material.  Dike surface flow using soil, sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3) or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3).  Absorb bulk liquid with fly ash, cement powder, or commercial sorbents.    Water spill:  Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit spill travel.  If dissolved, apply sodium sulfide (Na2S) solution to precipitate heavy metals.  Neutralize with agricultural lime (CaO), crushed limestone (CaCO3), or sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3). ( AAR, 1999)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Confirmed human carcinogen. When heated to decomposition, it produces toxic fumes of metallic arsenic [Sax, 9th ed., p. 271]. A weak acid and oxidant, in the presence of alkali it is converted to solid arsenates. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Carcinogen:
IARC-1, NIOSH-Ca, NTP-K, OSHA-Ca, TLV-A1, EPA-1(For ARSENIC [7778-39-4] ACID AND ITS SALTS, as As), EPA-A (For ARSENOUS[13464-58-9] ACID AND ITS SALTS, as As).


REL NOTES:
RESPIRABLE RESPIRABLE, 10 mg/m3 TOTAL DUST

Symptoms:
irritation eyes, nose, upper respiratory system; benign pneumoconiosis (baritosis)

Synonyms:
Artificial barite, Barite, Barium salt of sulfuric acid, Barytes (natural)

Exposure Symptoms:
Irrit eyes, nose, upper resp sys; benign pneumoconiosis (baritosis)


General Desc:
N,N-dimethylaniline is a yellow to brown colored oily liquid.  It has a fish-like odor.  It is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  It has a flash point of 150 deg. F.  It is toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin absorption.  It is used to make dyes and as a solvent. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  145¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  700¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  36.41¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  1 mm Hg at 85.1¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  4.17 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.9557 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  381¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  121.20 (NTP, 1992)

IDLH:  100 ppm (NIOSH, 1997)

TLV TWA:  5 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

TLV STEL:  10 ppm  Skin. (¬ACGIH, 1999)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 70¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN:  IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital for treatment after washing the affected areas. INHALATION:  IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION:  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
CHEMICAL PROFILE:  Explosive decomposition occurred when finely divided benzoyl peroxide was allowed to react with N,N-dimethylaniline by breaking an ampoule containing 0.5 grams of dimethylaniline in an autoclave, NFPA 491M, 1991. (REACTIVITY, 1999)

Symptoms:
anoxia symptoms, cyanosis; weakness, dizziness, ataxia; methemoglobinemia

Health Effects:
methemoglobinemia; central nervous system effects

Target Organ:
blood, kidneys, liver, cardiovascular system

Synonyms:
N,N-Dimethylbenzeneamine; N,N-Dimethylphenylamine [Note: Also known as Dimethylaniline which is a correct synonym for Xylidine.]

Physical Description:
Pale yellow, oily liquid with an amine-like odor.

Exposure Symptoms:
Anoxia symptoms: cyan, weak, dizz, ataxia; methemo


Properties:
Flash Point:  -54¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.2% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.0% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  797¦ F (USCG, 1999)

Melting Point:  -148¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  274 mm Hg at 70¦ F; 400 mm Hg at 87.8¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.00 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.649 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  121.5¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  86.18 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 72¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This chemical is incompatible with oxidizers.  It is also incompatible with oxygen. (NTP, 1992)

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, centtral nervous system, blood


General Desc:
2,3-Dimethylbutane is a clear colorless liquid with a petroleum-like odor.  It has a flash point of -20 deg. F.  It is lighter than water and insoluble in water.  Its vapors are heavier than air. (¬ AAR, 1999)

Properties:
Flash Point:  -20¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Lower Exp Limit:  1.2% (NTP, 1992)

Upper Exp Limit:  7.0% (NTP, 1992)

Auto Igtn Temp:  788¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Melting Point:  -199.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  200 mm Hg at 70.0¦ F; 400 mm Hg at 102¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  3.00 (NTP, 1992)

Specific Gravity:  0.6616 at 68¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  136.4¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Molecular Weight:  86.18 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 74.3¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical is stable under normal laboratory conditions.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions.REACTIVITY:  This compound is incompatible with oxidizing materials.  It is also incompatible with oxygen. (NTP, 1992)

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory  system, central nervous system, blood


Synonyms:
Silica-Amorphous Fume [released during manufacture of elemental silican and silicon alloys-ACGIH]


PEL NOTES:
TWA RESPIRABLE DUST = (10 mg/m3)/(%SiO2+2)


First Aid:
Eyes: Irrigate immediately; Inhalation: Fresh air; Ingestion: Medical attention immediately

Synonyms:
Carbon silicide, Carborundum®, Silicon monocarbide

Physical Description:
Yellow to green to bluish-black, iridescent crystals.


General Desc:
Physical State Shipped: Crystalline solid

Odor: Odorless

Color: Colorless (USCG, 1999)

Properties:
Melting Point:  662¦ F (decomposes) (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Pressure:  <0.0000003 mm Hg at 77¦ F (NTP, 1992)

Vapor Density:  16.94 (NTP, 1992)

Boiling Point:  Sublimes with decomposition at 662.0¦ F at 760 mm (USCG, 1999)

Molecular Weight:  490.68 (NTP, 1992)

Water Solubility:  <1 mg/mL at 73¦ F (NTP, 1992)

First Aid:
EYES:  First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present.  Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center.  Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop. SKIN: IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing.  Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water.  If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment. INHALATION: IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air.  IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of Breathing, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop.  Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere.  Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used; if not available, use a level of protection greater than or equal to that advised under Protective Clothing. INGESTION: If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center.  Generally, the induction of vomiting is NOT recommended outside of a physician's care due to the risk of aspirating the chemical into the victim's lungs.  However, if the victim is conscious and not convulsing and if medical help is not readily available, consider the risk of inducing vomiting because of the high toxicity of the chemical ingested.  Ipecac syrup or salt water may be used in such an emergency.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.  If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the Headache lower than the body.  DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING.  IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital. OTHER: Since this chemical is a known or suspected carcinogen you should contact a physician for advice regarding the possible long term health effects and potential recommendation for medical monitoring.  Recommendations from the physician will depend upon the specific compound, its chemical, physical and toxicity properties, the exposure level, length of exposure, and the route of exposure. (NTP, 1992)

Nonfire Spill Response:
SMALL SPILLS AND LEAKAGE:  Should a spill occur while you are handling this chemical, FIRST REMOVE ALL SOURCES OF IGNITION, then you should dampen the solid spill material with 60-70% ethanol and transfer the dampened material to a suitable container.  Use absorbent paper dampened with 60-70% ethanol to pick up any remaining material.  Seal the absorbent paper, and any of your clothes, which may be contaminated, in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal.  Solvent wash all contaminated surfaces with 60-70% ethanol followed by washing with a soap and water solution.  Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.STORAGE PRECAUTIONS:  You should keep this material in a tightly closed container under an inert atmosphere, and store it at refrigerated temperatures. (NTP, 1992)

Reactivity:
STABILITY:  This chemical readily forms hydrates on exposure to room temperature and humidity.  Solutions of this chemical in water, DMSO, 95% ethanol or acetone should be stable for 24 hours under normal lab conditions. (NTP, 1992)

Symptoms:
headache, nervousness, tremor; liver, kidney damage; vis disturbance; ataxia, chest pain, skin erythema (skin redness); testicular atrophy, low sperm count; potential occupational carcinogen

Target Organ:
eyes, skin, respiratory system, central nervous system, liver, kidneys, reproductive system

Physical Description:
Tan to white, crystalline, odorless solid.

Exposure Symptoms:
Head, ner, tremor; liver, kidney damage; vis dist; ataxia, chest pain, skin eryt; testicular atrophy, low sperm count; [carc]


